Introduction
Glucose Centered Randomized Clinical Trials
Causes of death from randomization until end of study | Intensive treatment n (%) | Standard treatment n (%) |
---|---|---|
Any | 391 (7.6) | 327 (6.4) |
Cardiovascular disease | ||
Unexpected or presumed CV disease | 124 (2.4) | 103 (2.0) |
Fatal myocardial infarction | 24 (0.5) | 14 (0.3) |
Fatal congestive heart failure | 32 (0.6) | 25 (0.5) |
Fatal procedure for CV disease | 14 (0.3) | 7 (0.1) |
Fatal arrhythmia | 6 (0.1) | 18 (0.4) |
Fatal procedure for non-CV disease | 2 (<0.1) | 4 (0.1) |
Fatal stroke | 13 (0.3) | 17 (0.3) |
Other CV disease | 11 (0.2) | 10 (0.2) |
Cancer | 102 (2.0) | 101 (2.0) |
Condition other than cancer or CV disease | 84 (1.6) | 60 (1.2) |
Undetermined | 12 (0.2) | 21 (0.4) |
Identified through National Death Index | 6 (0.1) | 1 (<0.1) |
ACCORD [4] | VADT [2] | ADVANCE [3] | ORIGIN [1••] | |
---|---|---|---|---|
n
| 10,251 | 1791 | 11,140 | 12,612 |
Age (y) | 62 | 60 | 66 | 64 |
Diabetes duration (y) | 10 | 11.5 | 8 | 5 |
Pre-diabetes (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 |
Macrovascular complications (%) | 35 | 40 | 32 | |
Baseline HbA1c (%) | 8.1 | 9.4 | 7.5 | 6.4 |
Intensive TX target | A1c <6 % | A1c <6 % | A1c ≤6.5 % | FPG ≤5.3 mmol/L |
Intervention | Multiple drugs | Multiple drugs | Gliclazide (± others) | Glargine (± others) |
HbA1c (%) after Tx (Intervention arm) | 6.4 | 6.9 | 6.3 | 6.2 |
Weight (kg) | +2.0 | +8.2 | −0.1 | +1.6 |
Severe hypoglycemia | 3.1 | 3.8 | 0.6 | 1.0 |
Annual mortality rate (%/y) | Intense: 1.41 | Intense: 2.04 | Intense: 1.78 | IGlar: 2.57 |
Standard: 1.14 | Standard: 1.89 | Standard: 1.92 | Standard: 2.60 |