Background
Influence of anxiety and hypertension on QOL
The moderating effect of social support
Methods
Study design and sample
Measurement of general characteristics of patients
Assessment of anxiety symptoms
Assessment of quality of life
Assessment of perceived social support
Data analysis
Results
Basic information
Variables | Good | Poor | χ2 | P |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (Years) | 3.528 | 0.171 | ||
< 50 | 55 | 60 | ||
50–60 | 141 | 126 | ||
≥ 60 | 108 | 76 | ||
Marital status | 0.681 | 0.409 | ||
Married/cohabited | 33 | 23 | ||
Single /separated | 271 | 239 | ||
Education level | 4.722 | 0.094 | ||
Junior high school and below | 170 | 170 | ||
High/Technical secondary school | 116 | 80 | ||
Bachelor degree or above | 18 | 12 | ||
Monthly income (CNY) | 6.112 | 0.047 | ||
< 2000 | 78 | 62 | ||
2000–4000 | 163 | 164 | ||
> 4000 | 63 | 36 | ||
Habitation | 3.636 | 0.057 | ||
Rural | 199 | 191 | ||
Urban | 105 | 71 | ||
Hypertension | 56.254 | < 0.001 | ||
No | 243 | 131 | ||
Yes | 61 | 131 | ||
Stage of cancer | 5.034 | 0.081 | ||
I | 163 | 122 | ||
II | 61 | 73 | ||
III+ IV | 80 | 67 | ||
BMI | 11.391 | 0.001 | ||
< 24 | 178 | 189 | ||
≥ 24 | 126 | 73 | ||
Anxiety | 144.458 | < 0.001 | ||
No | 239 | 74 | ||
Yes | 65 | 188 | ||
PSS | 61.869 | < 0.001 | ||
Low/Moderate | 49 | 122 | ||
High | 255 | 140 |
Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the factors affecting the QOL
Factors | B | S.E | Wald χ2 | P | OR | 95%CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Monthly income (CNY) | ||||||
2000–4000 v s < 2000 | -0.068 | 0.283 | 0.058 | 0.810 | 0.934 | 0.537–1.625 |
> 4000 vs 2000 | -0.890 | 0.367 | 5.889 | 0.015 | 0.411 | 0.200–0.843 |
BMI | -0.078 | 0.223 | 0.123 | 0.726 | 0.925 | 0.597–1.433 |
Hypertension | 1.229 | 0.221 | 30.888 | < 0.001 | 3.419 | 2.216–5.273 |
Anxiety | 1.945 | 0.230 | 71.584 | < 0.001 | 6.994 | 4.457–10.975 |
PSS | -0.692 | 0.242 | 8.189 | 0.004 | 0.501 | 0.312–0.804 |
Constant | -0.832 | 0.389 | 4.575 | 0.032 | 0.435 |
Calculation of additive interaction index of anxiety and hypertension on QOL
Anxiety | Hypertension | QOL | β | P | OR/RR | 95%CI | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Good | Poor | ||||||
- | - | 192 | 42 | - | |||
- | + | 47 | 32 | 1.135 | < 0.001 | 3.112 | 1.778–5.447 |
+ | - | 51 | 89 | 2.077 | < 0.001 | 7.978 | 4.939–12.886 |
+ | + | 14 | 99 | 3.476 | < 0.001 | 32.327 | 16.848–62.026 |
RERI | 22.238 | 44.119–88.596 | |||||
AP | 0.688 | 0.234–1.142 | |||||
S | 3.446 | 0.823–14.435 |
Correlations among continuous variables
Variables | Mean ± SD | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anxiety | 47.43 ± 14.45 | ||||
BP | 124.94 ± 23.25 | 0.140** | |||
PSS | 68.11 ± 12.12 | -0.539** | -0.246** | ||
QOL | 72.69 ± 18.10 | -0.473** | -0.349** | 0.560** | 1 |
Hierarchical regression analysis
Variables | Quality of Life | ||
---|---|---|---|
Block 1 | Block 2 | Block 3 | |
Age | 0.052 | 0.021 | 0.004 |
Monthly income (CNY) | 0.057 | 0.101** | 0.082* |
BMI | 0.110** | -0.026 | -0.047 |
Anxiety | -0.256** | -0.220** | |
PSS | 0.430** | 0.373** | |
PSS&Anxiety | -0.219** | ||
F | 3.546* | 64.673** | 63.459** |
Adjusted R2 | 0.013 | 0.360 | 0.399 |
ΔR2 | 0.019 | 0.347 | 0.040 |