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Erschienen in: Der Unfallchirurg 7/2014

01.07.2014 | Medizin aktuell/Technische Innovationen

„Ligament bracing“ – die augmentierte Kreuzbandnaht

Biomechanische Grundlagen für ein neues Behandlungskonzept

verfasst von: M. Heitmann, A. Dratzidis, M. Jagodzinski, P. Wohlmuth, C. Hurschler, K. Püschel, A. Giannakos, A. Preiss, Prof. Dr. K.-H. Frosch

Erschienen in: Die Unfallchirurgie | Ausgabe 7/2014

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Im Rahmen der akuten Kniegelenkluxation führt die Naht von rupturierten Kreuzbändern in ca. 80 % der Fälle zu guten klinischen Ergebnissen. Nachteile sind die geringe Primärstabilität sowie die oft beobachtete sekundäre Elongation der genähten Bänder. In der vorliegenden experimentellen Studie wird die mechanische Stabilität verschiedener Augmente, welche die Kreuzbandnähte additiv verstärken, mit der Primärstabilität der Kreuzbandplastik verglichen.

Hypothese

Das Konzept „ligament bracing“ mit transossärer Kreuzbandnaht und unterstützender Fadenaugmentation ist biomechanisch der Kreuzbandrekonstruktion überlegen und bietet eine ausreichende Primärstabilität zum Schutz der Naht während der vulnerablen Nachbehandlungsphase.

Material und Methoden

Untersucht wurden 42 porkine Kniegelenke in sieben Gruppen. Die Stabilität von vier verschiedenen Naht-/Augmentatkonstrukten wurde der Stabilität der Kreuzbandrekonstruktion mittels humaner Hamstring-Sehne gegenüber gestellt. Die Testung erfolgte in 1000 Zyklen mit 20–154 N Belastung in a.-p.-Translation und 60° Flexion. Hierbei wurden die Elongation und die maximale Versagenslast gemessen und dokumentiert.

Ergebnisse

Weder die Kreuzbandrekonstruktion (3,13 ± 1,65 mm; 362 ± 51 N), noch die augmentierte Naht (1,89–2,5 mm; 464–624 N) erreichten die Primärstabilität des intakten Kreuzbandes (0,63 ± 0,34 mm; 1012 ± 91 N). Im Vergleich zur Kreuzbandrekonstruktion zeigten alle vier augmentierten Kreuzbandnähte eine geringere Elongation im zyklischen Test sowie eine höhere maximale Versagenslast. Die alleinige Naht erzielte unbefriedigende Ergebnisse (6,79 ± 4,86 mm; 177 ± 73 N).

Schlussfolgerung

Die augmentierte Kreuzbandnaht zeigt eine signifikant höhere Primärstabilität als die isolierte Naht der Kreuzbänder sowie die Kreuzbandplastik mit Hamstring-Sehnen und Bioschraubenfixation. Das Konzept des „ligament bracing“ soll bei der Versorgung akuter multiligamentärer Kniegelenkverletzungen zukünftig Anwendung finden. Die klinischen Ergebnisse sind abzuwarten.
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Metadaten
Titel
„Ligament bracing“ – die augmentierte Kreuzbandnaht
Biomechanische Grundlagen für ein neues Behandlungskonzept
verfasst von
M. Heitmann
A. Dratzidis
M. Jagodzinski
P. Wohlmuth
C. Hurschler
K. Püschel
A. Giannakos
A. Preiss
Prof. Dr. K.-H. Frosch
Publikationsdatum
01.07.2014
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Die Unfallchirurgie / Ausgabe 7/2014
Print ISSN: 2731-7021
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-703X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00113-014-2563-x

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