Prosthesis-Patient Mismatch: An Update

Zurück zum Zitat Rahimtoola SH. The problem of valve prosthesis-patient mismatch. Circulation. 1978;58:20–4.PubMed Rahimtoola SH. The problem of valve prosthesis-patient mismatch. Circulation. 1978;58:20–4.PubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Dumesnil JG, Honos GN, Lemieux M, Beauchemin J. Validation and applications of indexed aortic prosthetic valve areas calculated by Doppler echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1990;16:637–43.PubMedCrossRef Dumesnil JG, Honos GN, Lemieux M, Beauchemin J. Validation and applications of indexed aortic prosthetic valve areas calculated by Doppler echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1990;16:637–43.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Dumesnil JG, Yoganathan AP. Valve prosthesis hemodynamics and the problem of high transprosthetic pressure gradients. Eur J Cardio-thorac Surg. 1992;6(Suppl I):S34–8.CrossRef Dumesnil JG, Yoganathan AP. Valve prosthesis hemodynamics and the problem of high transprosthetic pressure gradients. Eur J Cardio-thorac Surg. 1992;6(Suppl I):S34–8.CrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Dumesnil JG, Honos GN, Lemieux M, Beauchemin J. Validation and applications of mitral prosthetic valvular areas calculated by Doppler echocardiography. Am J Cardiol. 1990;65:1443–8.PubMedCrossRef Dumesnil JG, Honos GN, Lemieux M, Beauchemin J. Validation and applications of mitral prosthetic valvular areas calculated by Doppler echocardiography. Am J Cardiol. 1990;65:1443–8.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Pibarot P, Dumesnil JG. Hemodynamic and clinical impact of prosthesis-patient mismatch in the aortic valve position and its prevention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;36:1131–41.PubMedCrossRef Pibarot P, Dumesnil JG. Hemodynamic and clinical impact of prosthesis-patient mismatch in the aortic valve position and its prevention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;36:1131–41.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Pibarot P, Dumesnil JG. Prosthesis-patient mismatch: definition, clinical impact, and prevention. Heart. 2006;92:1022–9.PubMedCrossRef Pibarot P, Dumesnil JG. Prosthesis-patient mismatch: definition, clinical impact, and prevention. Heart. 2006;92:1022–9.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Koch CG, Khandwala F, Estafanous FG, Loop FD, Blackstone EH. Impact of prosthesis-patient size on functional recovery after aortic valve replacement. Circulation. 2005;111:3221–9.PubMedCrossRef Koch CG, Khandwala F, Estafanous FG, Loop FD, Blackstone EH. Impact of prosthesis-patient size on functional recovery after aortic valve replacement. Circulation. 2005;111:3221–9.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat •• Bleiziffer S, Eichinger WB, Hettich I, Guenzinger R, Ruzicka D, Bauernschmitt R, et al. Prediction of valve prosthesis-patient mismatch prior to aortic valve replacement: which is the best method? Heart 2007;93:615–20. This paper is very important from two standpoints: 1) it shows that the calculation of the projected indexed EOA from in vivo values is by far the best method to predict PPM; 2) it shows that the prevalence of PPM can significantly be reduced by the use of a preventive strategy based on the calculation of this parameter.PubMedCrossRef •• Bleiziffer S, Eichinger WB, Hettich I, Guenzinger R, Ruzicka D, Bauernschmitt R, et al. Prediction of valve prosthesis-patient mismatch prior to aortic valve replacement: which is the best method? Heart 2007;93:615–20. This paper is very important from two standpoints: 1) it shows that the calculation of the projected indexed EOA from in vivo values is by far the best method to predict PPM; 2) it shows that the prevalence of PPM can significantly be reduced by the use of a preventive strategy based on the calculation of this parameter.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Monin JL. Prosthesis-patient mismatch: myth or reality? Heart. 2009;95:948–52.PubMedCrossRef Monin JL. Prosthesis-patient mismatch: myth or reality? Heart. 2009;95:948–52.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat •• Zoghbi WA, Chambers JB, Dumesnil JG, Foster E, Gottdiener JS, Grayburn PA, et al. Recommendations for evaluation of prosthetic valves with echocardiography and doppler ultrasound: a report From the American Society of Echocardiography's Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Task Force on Prosthetic Valves, developed in conjunction with the American College of Cardiology Cardiovascular Imaging Committee, Cardiac Imaging Committee of the American Heart Association, the European Association of Echocardiography, a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology, the Japanese Society of Echocardiography and the Canadian Society of Echocardiography, endorsed by the American College of Cardiology Foundation, American Heart Association, European Association of Echocardiography, a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology, the Japanese Society of Echocardiography, and Canadian Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2009;22:975–1014. These are the first comprehensive guidelines with regard to valve prosthesis evaluation by Doppler-echocardiography. Consensus recommendations with regard to assessment and impact of aortic and mitral PPM are presented. This article should be read in priority by all those concerned with this topic.PubMedCrossRef •• Zoghbi WA, Chambers JB, Dumesnil JG, Foster E, Gottdiener JS, Grayburn PA, et al. Recommendations for evaluation of prosthetic valves with echocardiography and doppler ultrasound: a report From the American Society of Echocardiography's Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Task Force on Prosthetic Valves, developed in conjunction with the American College of Cardiology Cardiovascular Imaging Committee, Cardiac Imaging Committee of the American Heart Association, the European Association of Echocardiography, a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology, the Japanese Society of Echocardiography and the Canadian Society of Echocardiography, endorsed by the American College of Cardiology Foundation, American Heart Association, European Association of Echocardiography, a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology, the Japanese Society of Echocardiography, and Canadian Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2009;22:975–1014. These are the first comprehensive guidelines with regard to valve prosthesis evaluation by Doppler-echocardiography. Consensus recommendations with regard to assessment and impact of aortic and mitral PPM are presented. This article should be read in priority by all those concerned with this topic.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Li M, Dumesnil JG, Mathieu P, Pibarot P. Impact of valve prosthesis-patient mismatch on pulmonary arterial pressure after mitral valve replacement. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;45:1034–40.PubMedCrossRef Li M, Dumesnil JG, Mathieu P, Pibarot P. Impact of valve prosthesis-patient mismatch on pulmonary arterial pressure after mitral valve replacement. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;45:1034–40.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat •• Magne J, Mathieu P, Dumesnil JG, Tanné D, Dagenais F, Doyle D, et al. Impact of prosthesis-patient mismatch on survival after mitral valve replacement. Circulation 2007;115:1417–25. This is the first evidence of the negative impact of mitral PPM on survival.PubMedCrossRef •• Magne J, Mathieu P, Dumesnil JG, Tanné D, Dagenais F, Doyle D, et al. Impact of prosthesis-patient mismatch on survival after mitral valve replacement. Circulation 2007;115:1417–25. This is the first evidence of the negative impact of mitral PPM on survival.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Lam BK, Chan V, Hendry P, Ruel M, Masters R, Bédard P, et al. The impact of patient-prosthesis mismatch on late outcomes after mitral valve raplacement. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007;133:1464–73.PubMedCrossRef Lam BK, Chan V, Hendry P, Ruel M, Masters R, Bédard P, et al. The impact of patient-prosthesis mismatch on late outcomes after mitral valve raplacement. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007;133:1464–73.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Jamieson WR, Germann E, Ye J, Chan F, Cheung A, MacNab JS, et al. Effect of prosthesis-patient mismatch on long-term survival with mitral valve replacement: assessment to 15 years. Ann Thorac Surg. 2009;87:1135–41.PubMedCrossRef Jamieson WR, Germann E, Ye J, Chan F, Cheung A, MacNab JS, et al. Effect of prosthesis-patient mismatch on long-term survival with mitral valve replacement: assessment to 15 years. Ann Thorac Surg. 2009;87:1135–41.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Aziz A, Lawton JS, Maniar HS, Pasque MK, Damiano Jr RJ, Moon MR. Factors affecting survival after mitral valve replacement in patients with prosthesis-patient mismatch. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010;90:1202–11.PubMedCrossRef Aziz A, Lawton JS, Maniar HS, Pasque MK, Damiano Jr RJ, Moon MR. Factors affecting survival after mitral valve replacement in patients with prosthesis-patient mismatch. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010;90:1202–11.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Tasca G, Brunelli F, Cirillo M, Dalla Tomba M, Mhagna Z, Troise G, et al. Impact of the improvement of valve area achieved with aortic valve replacement on the regression of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with pure aortic stenosis. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005;79:1291–6.PubMedCrossRef Tasca G, Brunelli F, Cirillo M, Dalla Tomba M, Mhagna Z, Troise G, et al. Impact of the improvement of valve area achieved with aortic valve replacement on the regression of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with pure aortic stenosis. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005;79:1291–6.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Dumesnil JG. Invited commentary. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005;79:1296.CrossRef Dumesnil JG. Invited commentary. Ann Thorac Surg. 2005;79:1296.CrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Briand M, Dumesnil JG, Kadem L, Tongue AG, Rieu R, Garcia D, et al. Reduced systemic arterial compliance impacts significantly on left ventricular afterload and function in aortic stenosis: implications for diagnosis and treatment. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46:291–8.PubMedCrossRef Briand M, Dumesnil JG, Kadem L, Tongue AG, Rieu R, Garcia D, et al. Reduced systemic arterial compliance impacts significantly on left ventricular afterload and function in aortic stenosis: implications for diagnosis and treatment. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46:291–8.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat • Pagé A, Dumesnil JG, Clavel MA, Chan KL, Teo K, Tam JW, et al. Metabolic syndrome is associated with more pronounced impairment of LV geometry and function in patients with calcific aortic stenosis: A substudy of the ASTRONOMER trial. (Aortic Stenosis Progression Observation Measuring Effects of Rosuvastatin). J Am Coll Cardiol 2010;55:1867–74. This paper presents new evidence showing that LVH is polymorphic and not only conditioned by valve hemodynamics PubMedCrossRef • Pagé A, Dumesnil JG, Clavel MA, Chan KL, Teo K, Tam JW, et al. Metabolic syndrome is associated with more pronounced impairment of LV geometry and function in patients with calcific aortic stenosis: A substudy of the ASTRONOMER trial. (Aortic Stenosis Progression Observation Measuring Effects of Rosuvastatin). J Am Coll Cardiol 2010;55:1867–74. This paper presents new evidence showing that LVH is polymorphic and not only conditioned by valve hemodynamics PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat • Weidemann F, Herrmann S, Stork S, Niemann M, Frantz S, Lange V, et al. Impact of myocardial fibrosis in patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis. Circulation 2009;120:577–84. This paper presents new evidence showing that LVH is polymorphic and not only conditioned by valve hemodynamics.PubMedCrossRef • Weidemann F, Herrmann S, Stork S, Niemann M, Frantz S, Lange V, et al. Impact of myocardial fibrosis in patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis. Circulation 2009;120:577–84. This paper presents new evidence showing that LVH is polymorphic and not only conditioned by valve hemodynamics.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Hachicha Z, Dumesnil JG, Bogaty P, Pibarot P. Paradoxical low flow, low gradient severe aortic stenosis despite preserved ejection fraction is associated with higher afterload and reduced survival. Circulation. 2007;115:2856–64.PubMedCrossRef Hachicha Z, Dumesnil JG, Bogaty P, Pibarot P. Paradoxical low flow, low gradient severe aortic stenosis despite preserved ejection fraction is associated with higher afterload and reduced survival. Circulation. 2007;115:2856–64.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Bergler-Klein J, Mundigler G, Pibarot P, Burwash IG, Dumesnil JG, Blais C, et al. B-type natriuretic peptide in low-flow, low-gradient aortic stenosis: relationship to hemodynamics and clinical outcome. Circulation. 2007;115:2848–55.PubMedCrossRef Bergler-Klein J, Mundigler G, Pibarot P, Burwash IG, Dumesnil JG, Blais C, et al. B-type natriuretic peptide in low-flow, low-gradient aortic stenosis: relationship to hemodynamics and clinical outcome. Circulation. 2007;115:2848–55.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Dumesnil JG, Shoucri RM, Laurenceau JL, Turcot J. A mathematical model of the dynamic geometry of the intact left ventricle and its application to clinical data. Circulation. 1979;59:1024–34.PubMed Dumesnil JG, Shoucri RM, Laurenceau JL, Turcot J. A mathematical model of the dynamic geometry of the intact left ventricle and its application to clinical data. Circulation. 1979;59:1024–34.PubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Pibarot P, Dumesnil JG. Longitudinal myocardial shortening in aortic stenosis: ready for prime time after 30 years of research? Heart. 2009;96:95–6.PubMedCrossRef Pibarot P, Dumesnil JG. Longitudinal myocardial shortening in aortic stenosis: ready for prime time after 30 years of research? Heart. 2009;96:95–6.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Clavel MA, Fuchs C, Burwash IG, Mundigler G, Dumesnil JG, Baumgartner H, et al. Predictors of outcomes in low-flow, low-gradient aortic stenosis: results of the multicenter TOPAS Study. Circulation. 2008;118(14 Suppl):S234–42.PubMedCrossRef Clavel MA, Fuchs C, Burwash IG, Mundigler G, Dumesnil JG, Baumgartner H, et al. Predictors of outcomes in low-flow, low-gradient aortic stenosis: results of the multicenter TOPAS Study. Circulation. 2008;118(14 Suppl):S234–42.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Clavel MA, Webb J, Rodés-Cabau J, Masson JB, Dumont E, De Larochelliere R, et al. Comparison between surgical and transcatheter prosthetic valve implantation in patients with severe aortic stenosis and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Circulation. 2010;122:1943–51.CrossRef Clavel MA, Webb J, Rodés-Cabau J, Masson JB, Dumont E, De Larochelliere R, et al. Comparison between surgical and transcatheter prosthetic valve implantation in patients with severe aortic stenosis and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Circulation. 2010;122:1943–51.CrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat •• Clavel MA, Webb JG, Pibarot P, Altwegg L, Dumont E, Thompson C, et al. Comparison of the hemodynamic performance of percutaneous and surgical bioprostheses for the treatment of severe aortic stenosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009;5:1883–91. This study is one of the first to show that percutaneous aortic valve implantation provides superior hemodynamic performance compared with the surgical bioprostheses both in terms of transprosthetic gradient and prevention of severe PPM.CrossRef •• Clavel MA, Webb JG, Pibarot P, Altwegg L, Dumont E, Thompson C, et al. Comparison of the hemodynamic performance of percutaneous and surgical bioprostheses for the treatment of severe aortic stenosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009;5:1883–91. This study is one of the first to show that percutaneous aortic valve implantation provides superior hemodynamic performance compared with the surgical bioprostheses both in terms of transprosthetic gradient and prevention of severe PPM.CrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat •• Jilaihawi H, Chin D, Spyt T, Jeilan M, Vasa-Nicotera M, Bence J, et al. Prosthesis-patient mismatch after transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the Medtronic-Corevalve bioprosthesis. Eur Heart J 2010;31:857–64. This study is one of the first to show that percutaneous aortic valve implantation provides superior hemodynamic performance compared with the surgical bioprostheses both in terms of transprosthetic gradient and prevention of severe PPM.PubMedCrossRef •• Jilaihawi H, Chin D, Spyt T, Jeilan M, Vasa-Nicotera M, Bence J, et al. Prosthesis-patient mismatch after transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the Medtronic-Corevalve bioprosthesis. Eur Heart J 2010;31:857–64. This study is one of the first to show that percutaneous aortic valve implantation provides superior hemodynamic performance compared with the surgical bioprostheses both in terms of transprosthetic gradient and prevention of severe PPM.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Rajappan K, Rimoldi O, Camici PG, Pennell DJ, Sheridan DJ. Mechanisms of coronary microcirculatory dysfunction in patients with aortic stenosis and angiographically normal coronary arteries. Circulation. 2002;105:470–6.PubMedCrossRef Rajappan K, Rimoldi O, Camici PG, Pennell DJ, Sheridan DJ. Mechanisms of coronary microcirculatory dysfunction in patients with aortic stenosis and angiographically normal coronary arteries. Circulation. 2002;105:470–6.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Rajappan K, Rimoldi OE, Camici PG, Bellenger NG, Pennell DJ, Sheridan DJ. Functional changes in coronary microcirculation after valve replacement in patients with aortic stenosis. Circulation. 2003;107:3170–5.PubMedCrossRef Rajappan K, Rimoldi OE, Camici PG, Bellenger NG, Pennell DJ, Sheridan DJ. Functional changes in coronary microcirculation after valve replacement in patients with aortic stenosis. Circulation. 2003;107:3170–5.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Garcia D, Camici PG, Durand LG, Rajappan K, Gaillard E, Rimoldi OE, et al. Impairment of coronary flow reserve in aortic stenosis. J Appl Physiol. 2009;106:113–21.PubMedCrossRef Garcia D, Camici PG, Durand LG, Rajappan K, Gaillard E, Rimoldi OE, et al. Impairment of coronary flow reserve in aortic stenosis. J Appl Physiol. 2009;106:113–21.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Blais C, Dumesnil JG, Baillot R, Simard S, Doyle D, Pibarot P. Impact of valve prosthesis-patient mismatch on short-term mortality after aortic valve replacement. Circulation. 2003;108:983–8.PubMedCrossRef Blais C, Dumesnil JG, Baillot R, Simard S, Doyle D, Pibarot P. Impact of valve prosthesis-patient mismatch on short-term mortality after aortic valve replacement. Circulation. 2003;108:983–8.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Walther T, Rastan A, Falk V, Lehmann S, Garbade J, Funkat AK, et al. Patient prosthesis mismatch affects short- and long-term outcomes after aortic valve replacement. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2006;30:15–9.PubMedCrossRef Walther T, Rastan A, Falk V, Lehmann S, Garbade J, Funkat AK, et al. Patient prosthesis mismatch affects short- and long-term outcomes after aortic valve replacement. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2006;30:15–9.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Urso S, Sadaba R, Aldamiz-Echevarria G. Is patient-prosthesis mismatch an independent risk factor for early and mid-term overall mortality in adult patients undergoing aortic valve replacement? Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2009;9:510–8.PubMedCrossRef Urso S, Sadaba R, Aldamiz-Echevarria G. Is patient-prosthesis mismatch an independent risk factor for early and mid-term overall mortality in adult patients undergoing aortic valve replacement? Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2009;9:510–8.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Ruel M, Al-Faleh H, Kulik A, Chan K, Mesana TG, Burwash IG. Prosthesis-patient mismatch after aortic valve replacement primarily affects patients with pre-existing left ventricular dysfunction: impact on survival, freedom from heart failure, and left ventricular mass regression. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2006;131:1036–44.PubMedCrossRef Ruel M, Al-Faleh H, Kulik A, Chan K, Mesana TG, Burwash IG. Prosthesis-patient mismatch after aortic valve replacement primarily affects patients with pre-existing left ventricular dysfunction: impact on survival, freedom from heart failure, and left ventricular mass regression. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2006;131:1036–44.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Bleiziffer S, Ali A, Hettich IM, Akdere D, Laubender RP, Ruzicka D, et al. Impact of the indexed effective orifice area on mid-term cardiac-related mortality after aortic valve replacement. Heart. 2010;96:865–71.PubMedCrossRef Bleiziffer S, Ali A, Hettich IM, Akdere D, Laubender RP, Ruzicka D, et al. Impact of the indexed effective orifice area on mid-term cardiac-related mortality after aortic valve replacement. Heart. 2010;96:865–71.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Mihaljevic T, Nowicki ER, Rajeswaran J, Blackstone EH, Lagazzi L, Thomas J, et al. Survival after valve replacement for aortic stenosis: implications for decision making. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2008;135:1270–8.PubMedCrossRef Mihaljevic T, Nowicki ER, Rajeswaran J, Blackstone EH, Lagazzi L, Thomas J, et al. Survival after valve replacement for aortic stenosis: implications for decision making. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2008;135:1270–8.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat •• Mohty D, Dumesnil JG, Echahidi N, Mathieu P, Dagenais F, Voisine P, et al. Impact of prosthesis-patient mismatch on long-term survival after aortic valve replacement: influence of age, obesity, and left ventricular dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009;53:39–47. Many discrepancies between studies examining the influence of PPM on long-term survival can be reconciled based on this paper.PubMedCrossRef •• Mohty D, Dumesnil JG, Echahidi N, Mathieu P, Dagenais F, Voisine P, et al. Impact of prosthesis-patient mismatch on long-term survival after aortic valve replacement: influence of age, obesity, and left ventricular dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009;53:39–47. Many discrepancies between studies examining the influence of PPM on long-term survival can be reconciled based on this paper.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Mascherbauer J, Rosenhek R, Fuchs C, Pernicka E, Klaar U, Scholten C, et al. Moderate patient-prosthesis mismatch after valve replacement for severe aortic stenosis has no impact on short- and long term mortality. Heart. 2008;94:1639–45.PubMedCrossRef Mascherbauer J, Rosenhek R, Fuchs C, Pernicka E, Klaar U, Scholten C, et al. Moderate patient-prosthesis mismatch after valve replacement for severe aortic stenosis has no impact on short- and long term mortality. Heart. 2008;94:1639–45.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Howell NJ, Keogh BE, Ray D, Bonser RS, Graham TR, Mascaro J, et al. Patient-prosthesis mismatch in patients with aortic stenosis undergoing isolated aortic valve replacement does not affect survival. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010;89:60–4.PubMedCrossRef Howell NJ, Keogh BE, Ray D, Bonser RS, Graham TR, Mascaro J, et al. Patient-prosthesis mismatch in patients with aortic stenosis undergoing isolated aortic valve replacement does not affect survival. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010;89:60–4.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Jamieson WR, Ye J, Higgins J, Cheung A, Fradet GJ, Skarsgard P, et al. Effect of prosthesis-patient mismatch on long-term survival with aortic valve replacement: assessment to 15 years. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010;89:51–8.PubMedCrossRef Jamieson WR, Ye J, Higgins J, Cheung A, Fradet GJ, Skarsgard P, et al. Effect of prosthesis-patient mismatch on long-term survival with aortic valve replacement: assessment to 15 years. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010;89:51–8.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Moon MR, Lawton JS, Moazami N, Munfakh NA, Pasque MK, Damiano Jr RJ. POINT: Prosthesis-patient mismatch does not affect survival for patients greater than 70 years of age undergoing bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2009;137:278–83.PubMedCrossRef Moon MR, Lawton JS, Moazami N, Munfakh NA, Pasque MK, Damiano Jr RJ. POINT: Prosthesis-patient mismatch does not affect survival for patients greater than 70 years of age undergoing bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2009;137:278–83.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Bleiziffer S, Eichinger WB, Hettich I, Ruzicka DJ, Wottke M, Bauernschmitt R, et al. Impact of prosthesis-patient mismatch on exercise capacity in patients after bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement. Heart. 2008;94:637–41.PubMedCrossRef Bleiziffer S, Eichinger WB, Hettich I, Ruzicka DJ, Wottke M, Bauernschmitt R, et al. Impact of prosthesis-patient mismatch on exercise capacity in patients after bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement. Heart. 2008;94:637–41.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Vincentelli A, Susen S, Le Tourneau T, Six I, Fabre O, Juthier F, et al. Acquired von Willebrand syndrome in aortic stenosis. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:343–9.PubMedCrossRef Vincentelli A, Susen S, Le Tourneau T, Six I, Fabre O, Juthier F, et al. Acquired von Willebrand syndrome in aortic stenosis. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:343–9.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Mannacio VA, De Amicis V, Di Tommaso L, Iorio F, Vosa C. Influence of prosthesis-patient mismatch on exercise-induced arrhythmias: a further aspect after aortic valve replacement. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2009;138:632–8.PubMedCrossRef Mannacio VA, De Amicis V, Di Tommaso L, Iorio F, Vosa C. Influence of prosthesis-patient mismatch on exercise-induced arrhythmias: a further aspect after aortic valve replacement. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2009;138:632–8.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Unger P, Dedobbeleer C, Van Camp G, Plein D, Cosyns B, Lancellotti P. Mitral regurgitation in patients with aortic stenosis undergoing valve replacement. Heart. 2009;96:1627–32.CrossRef Unger P, Dedobbeleer C, Van Camp G, Plein D, Cosyns B, Lancellotti P. Mitral regurgitation in patients with aortic stenosis undergoing valve replacement. Heart. 2009;96:1627–32.CrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Flameng W, Herregods MC, Vercalsteren M, Herijgers P, Bogaerts K, Meuris B. Prosthesis-patient mismatch predicts structural valve degeneration in bioprosthetic heart valves. Circulation. 2010;121:2123–9.PubMedCrossRef Flameng W, Herregods MC, Vercalsteren M, Herijgers P, Bogaerts K, Meuris B. Prosthesis-patient mismatch predicts structural valve degeneration in bioprosthetic heart valves. Circulation. 2010;121:2123–9.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat Pibarot P, Dumesnil JG. Prosthetic heart valves: selection of the optimal prosthesis and long-term management. Circulation. 2009;119:1034–48.PubMedCrossRef Pibarot P, Dumesnil JG. Prosthetic heart valves: selection of the optimal prosthesis and long-term management. Circulation. 2009;119:1034–48.PubMedCrossRef

Zurück zum Zitat • Bach DS. Echo/Doppler evaluation of hemodynamics after aortic valve replacement: Principles of interrogation and evaluation of high gradients. J Am Coll Cardio Img 2010;3:296-304. This paper interestingly complements previous attempts to analyze this problem (see Pibarot and Dumesnil [6], Zoghbi et al. [10••], and Pibarot and Dumesnil [48]) and provides further impetus for the conception of Figure 1. • Bach DS. Echo/Doppler evaluation of hemodynamics after aortic valve replacement: Principles of interrogation and evaluation of high gradients. J Am Coll Cardio Img 2010;3:296-304. This paper interestingly complements previous attempts to analyze this problem (see Pibarot and Dumesnil [6], Zoghbi et al. [10••], and Pibarot and Dumesnil [48]) and provides further impetus for the conception of Figure 1.

Zurück zum Zitat Garcia D, Pibarot P, Dumesnil JG, Sakr F, Durand LG. Assessment of aortic valve stenosis severity: a new index based on the energy loss concept. Circulation. 2000;101:765–71.PubMed Garcia D, Pibarot P, Dumesnil JG, Sakr F, Durand LG. Assessment of aortic valve stenosis severity: a new index based on the energy loss concept. Circulation. 2000;101:765–71.PubMed