Introduction
Genetic Involvement in the Pathophysiology of Myocarditis
Genetic Involvement in the Clinical Presentation and Evolution of Myocarditis
High-Risk Myocarditis
Low/Intermediate Risk Myocarditis
TTN Truncating Variants: an Example of the Interaction Between Genetics and Environment
Genetic Analysis in Patients with Myocarditis: Which Role in Clinical Practice?
“Red flags” | Suggested causes |
---|---|
Family history of cardiomyopathy, sudden cardiac death, pacemaker implantation | |
Clinical history and physical examination | |
Mental retardation | Dystrophinopathies; mitochondrial diseases |
Neurosensory disorders | Mitochondrial diseases |
Skeletal muscle involvement | Dystrophinopathies; desminopathies; laminopathies |
Woolly hair and keratoderma | Carvajal syndrome |
Pregnancy | Peripartum DCM |
Recurrence of acute myocarditis | AC |
Laboratory analysis | |
Increased creatine kinase | Dystrophinopathies; desminopathies; myofibrillar myopathy; laminopathies |
ECG | |
Atrio-ventricular blocks | Laminopathies; desminopathies |
Low voltages | Filaminopathies |
Posterolateral pseudonecrosis | Dystrophinopathies |
T negative waves in V1-3 <14yo, or V1-4 >14yo | AC |
Epsilon wave | AC |
Echocardiography | |
Posterolateral akinesia | Dystrophinopathies |
Cardiac hypertrophy | Infiltrative heart diseases |
RV dyskinesia/akinesia/aneurysm | AC |
Cardiac magnetic resonance | |
Adipose infiltration | AC |
Diffuse LGE | AC |
RV dyskinesia/akinesia/aneurysm | AC |