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Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine
Erschienen in: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine 4/2018

01.04.2018 | Cardio-oncology (M Fradley, Section Editor)

Radiation-Induced Cardiovascular Toxicity: Mechanisms, Prevention, and Treatment

verfasst von: Johan Spetz, PhD, Javid Moslehi, MD, Kristopher Sarosiek, PhD

Erschienen in: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine | Ausgabe 4/2018

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Abstract

Purpose of review

Ionizing radiation is a highly effective treatment for a wide range of malignancies, yet the cardiovascular (CV) toxicity that can result from chest radiotherapy impairs the long-term health of cancer survivors and can be a limiting factor for its use. Despite over 100 years of successful clinical use, the mechanisms by which high-energy photons damage critical components within cells of the heart’s myocardium, pericardium, vasculature, and valves remain unclear.

Recent findings

Recent studies exploring the acute and chronic effects of radiation therapy on cardiac and vascular tissue have provided new insights into the development and progression of heart disease, including the identification and understanding of age- and complication-associated risk factors. However, key questions relating to the connection from upstream signaling to fibrotic changes remain. In addition, advances in the delivery of chest radiotherapy have helped to limit heart exposure and damage, but additional refinements to delivery techniques and cardioprotective therapeutics are absolutely necessary to reduce patient mortality and morbidity.

Summary

Radiation therapy (RT)-driven CV toxicity remains a major issue for cancer survivors and more research is needed to define the precise mechanisms of toxicity. However, recent findings provide meaningful insights that may help improve patient outcomes.
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Metadaten
Titel
Radiation-Induced Cardiovascular Toxicity: Mechanisms, Prevention, and Treatment
verfasst von
Johan Spetz, PhD
Javid Moslehi, MD
Kristopher Sarosiek, PhD
Publikationsdatum
01.04.2018
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine / Ausgabe 4/2018
Print ISSN: 1092-8464
Elektronische ISSN: 1534-3189
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11936-018-0627-x

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