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Erschienen in: HNO 5/2020

02.10.2019 | Neuritis vestibularis | Leitthema

Evidenzbasierte VEMP-Diagnostik

Von den neurophysiologischen Grundlagen zur klinischen Anwendung

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. med. J. Dlugaiczyk

Erschienen in: HNO | Ausgabe 5/2020

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Vestibulär evozierte myogene Potenziale (VEMPs) werden zunehmend zur klinischen Untersuchung der Otolithenorgane eingesetzt.

Ziel der Arbeit

Der Artikel vermittelt einen Überblick über anatomische, biomechanische und neurophysiologische Grundlagen einer evidenzbasierten klinischen Anwendung von okulären und zervikalen VEMPs (o- und cVEMPs).

Material und Methoden

Literaturrecherche in PubMed bis April 2019.

Ergebnisse

Schall und Vibration mit einer Frequenz von 500 Hz stellen selektive vestibuläre Stimuli für die Otolithenorgane dar. Aufgrund der unterschiedlichen neuronalen Projektionen von Utrikulus und Sakkulus sind oVEMPs überwiegend ein Indikator für die kontralaterale Utrikulusfunktion, während cVEMPs überwiegend die ipsilaterale Sakkulusfunktion widerspiegeln. VEMPs sind insbesondere nützlich zur Diagnose einer oberen Bogengangdehiszenz oder einer isolierten Funktionsstörung der Otolithenorgane. Ferner stellen sie eine wertvolle diagnostische Alternative für Patienten dar, bei denen eine videookulographische Untersuchung nicht möglich oder sinnvoll ist.

Schlussfolgerungen

VEMPs sind ein selektives, schnelles, sicheres und reproduzierbares Untersuchungsverfahren für die dynamische Funktion der Otolithenorgane.
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Metadaten
Titel
Evidenzbasierte VEMP-Diagnostik
Von den neurophysiologischen Grundlagen zur klinischen Anwendung
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. med. J. Dlugaiczyk
Publikationsdatum
02.10.2019
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
HNO / Ausgabe 5/2020
Print ISSN: 0017-6192
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-019-00757-4

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