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Erschienen in:
01.02.2016 | Original Article
BCGitis and BCGosis in children with primary immunodeficiency — imaging characteristics
Erschienen in: Pediatric Radiology | Ausgabe 2/2016
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Background
When administered to an immune-compromised patient, BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guérin) can cause disseminated and life-threatening infections.
Objective
To describe the imaging findings in children with primary immunodeficiency and BCG-related infections.
Materials and methods
We reviewed the imaging findings of children with primary immunodeficiency treated at a children’s hospital during 2012–2014 with localized or disseminated BCG infection. Imaging modalities included US, CT and radiography.
Results
Nine children with primary immunodeficiency had clinical signs of post-vaccination BCGitis; seven of these children showed disseminated disease and two showed only regional lesions with characteristic ipsilateral lymphadenopathy. Overall, lymphadenopathy was the most prevalent feature (n = 8) and characteristically appeared as a ring-enhancing hypodense (CT) or hypoechoic (US) lesion. Visceral involvement with multiple abscesses appeared in the spleen (n = 2), liver (n = 1) and bones (n = 1). All lesions regressed following appropriate anti-tuberculosis treatment.
Conclusion
BCG infection needs to be considered in children with typical findings and with suspected primary immunodeficiency.