nach oben

Erschienen in:

21.09.2017 | Original Article

Sex determination of a Tunisian population by CT scan analysis of the skull

verfasst von: Malek Zaafrane, Mehdi Ben Khelil, Ines Naccache, Ekbel Ezzedine, Frédéric Savall, Norbert Telmon, Najla Mnif, Moncef Hamdoun

Erschienen in: International Journal of Legal Medicine | Ausgabe 3/2018

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

It is widely accepted that the estimation of biological attributes in the human skeleton is more accurate when population-specific standards are applied. With the shortage of such data for contemporary North African populations, it is duly required to establish population-specific standards. We present here the first craniometric standards for sex determination of a contemporary Tunisian population. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between sex and metric parameters of the skull in this population using CT scan analysis and to generate proper reliable standards for sex determination of a complete or fragmented skull. The study sample comprised cranial multislice computed tomography scans of 510 individuals equally distributed by sex. ASIR^TM software in a General Electric^TM workstation was used to position 37 landmarks along the volume-rendered images and the multiplanar slices, defining 27 inter-landmark distances. Frontal and parietal bone thickness was also measured for each case. The data were analyzed using basic descriptive statistics and logistic regression with cross-validation of classification results. All of the measurements were sexually dimorphic with male values being higher than female values. A nine-variable model achieved the maximum classification accuracy of 90% with −2.9% sex bias and a six-variable model yielded 85.9% sexing accuracy with −0.97% sex bias. We conclude that the skull is highly dimorphic and represents a reliable bone for sex determination in contemporary Tunisian individuals.

Nur mit Berechtigung zugänglich

White TD, Black MT, Folkens PA (2012) Human Osteology. Elsevier, Paris

Işcan MY, Steyn M (2013) The human skeleton in forensic medicine. Charles C Thomas Publisher ltd. Springfield, Illinois

Işcan MY (2005) Forensic anthropology of sex and body size. Forensic Sci Int 147:107–112

Scheuer L (2002) Application of osteology to forensic medicine. Clin Anat 15:297–312PubMed

Stojanowski CM, Seidemann RM, Doran GH (2002) Differential skeletal preservation at Windover Pond: causes and consequences. Am J Phys Anthropol 119:15–26PubMed

Walker P (1995) Problems of preservation and sexism in sexing: some lessons from historical collections for palaeodemographers. In: Saunders SR, Herring A (eds) Grave reflections portraying the past through cemetery studies. Canadian Scholaris Press Inc., Toronto 18:31–48

Guyomarc’h P, Dutailly B, Charton J et al (2014) Anthropological facial approximation in three dimensions (AFA3D): computer-assisted estimation of the facial morphology using geometric morphometrics. J Forensic Sci 59:1502–1516PubMed

Giles E, Elliot O (1963) Sex determination by discriminant function analysis of crania. Am J Phys Anthropol 21:53–68PubMed

Franklin D, Cardini A, Flavel A, Kuliukas A (2013) Estimation of sex from cranial measurements in a Western Australian population. Forensic Sci Int 229:158.e1–158.e8

10.

Ogawa Y, Imaizumi K, Miyasaka S, Yoshino M (2013) Discriminant functions for sex estimation of modern Japanese skulls. J Forensic Legal Med 20:234–238

11.

Dirkmaat DC, Cabo LL, Ousley SD, Symes SA (2008) New perspectives in forensic anthropology. Am J Phys Anthropol (suppl 47):33–52

12.

Guyomarc’h P, Bruzek J (2011) Accuracy and reliability in sex determination from skulls: a comparison of Fordisc 3.0 and the discriminant function analysis. Forensic Sci Int 208:30–35

13.

Bidmos MA, Dayal MR (2004) Further evidence to show population specificity of discriminant function equations for sex determination using the talus of South African blacks. J Forensic Sci 49:1165–1170PubMed

14.

Weisensee KE, Jantz RL (2011) Secular changes in craniofacial morphology of the Portuguese using geometric morphometrics. Am J Phys Anthropol 145:548–559PubMed

15.

Spradley MK, Jantz RL, Robinson A, Peccerelli F (2008) Demographic change and forensic identification: problems in metric identification of Hispanic skeletons. J Forensic Sci 53:21–28PubMed

16.

Ramsthaler F, Kreutz K, Verhoff MA (2007) Accuracy of metric sex analysis of skeletal remains using Fordisc based on a recent skull collection. Int J Legal Med 121:477–482PubMed

17.

Franklin D, Cardini A, Flavel A et al (2013) Concordance of traditional osteometric and volume-rendered MSCT inter-landmark cranial measurements. Int J Legal Med 127:505–520PubMed

18.

Verhoff MA, Ramsthaler F, Krähahn J et al (2008) Digital forensic osteology—possibilities in cooperation with the Virtopsy project. Forensic Sci Int 174:152–156PubMed

19.

Citardi MJ, Herrmann B, Hollenbeak CS et al (2001) Comparison of scientific calipers and computer-enabled CT review for the measurement of Skull Base and Craniomaxillofacial dimensions. Skull Base 11:5–11PubMedPubMedCentral

20.

Lou L, Lagravere MO, Compton S et al (2007) Accuracy of measurements and reliability of landmark identification with computed tomography (CT) techniques in the maxillofacial area: a systematic review. Oral Surgery, Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endodontology 104:402–411

21.

Stull KE, Tise ML, Ali Z, Fowler DR (2014) Accuracy and reliability of measurements obtained from computed tomography 3D volume rendered images. Forensic Sci Int 238:133–140PubMed

22.

Hajjej A, Kâabi H, Sellami MH et al (2006) The contribution of HLA class I and II alleles and haplotypes to the investigation of the evolutionary history of Tunisians. Tissue Antigens 68:153–162PubMed

23.

Cherni L, Pakstis AJ, Boussetta S et al (2016) Genetic variation in Tunisia in the context of human diversity worldwide. Am J Phys Anthropol 00:00–00

24.

Buikstra J, Ubelaker D (1994) Standards for data collection from human skeletal remains. Semin. F. Museum Nat. Hist

25.

Piquet M (1954) L'indice orbitaire et l’appréciation de la largeur de l’orbite ; essai de standardisation. Bull Mem Soc Anthropol Paris 100–112

26.

Howells WW (1989) Skull shapes and the map: craniometric analyses in the dispersion of modern Homo. Pap Peabody Museum Archaeol Ethnol 79

27.

Howells WW (1977) Cranial variation in man. A study by multivariate analysis of patterns of difference among recent human populations. J Hum Evol 6:513–514

28.

Ekizoglu O, Hocaoglu E, Inci E et al (2016) Assessment of sex in a modern Turkish population using cranial anthropometric parameters. Legal Med 21:45–52PubMed

29.

May H, Mali Y, Dar G et al (2012) Intracranial volume, cranial thickness, and hyperostosis frontalis interna in the elderly. Am J Hum Biol 24:812–819PubMed

30.

Martin R (1928) Becken. In: Lehrb der Anthropol Syst darstellung mit Bes berücksichtigung der Anthropol methoden pp 1031–1037:1120–1133

31.

Lovich JE, Gibbons JW (1992) A review of techniques for quantifying sexual size dimorphism. Growth Dev Aging 56:269–281PubMed

32.

Smith RJ (1999) Statistics of sexual size dimorphism. J Hum Evol 36:423–458PubMed

33.

Perini TA, de Oliveira GL, Ornelia JS, de Oliveira FP (2005) Technical error of measurement in anthropometry. Rev Bras Med do Esporte 11:81–85

34.

Ulijaszek SJ, Kerr DA (1999) Anthropometric measurement error and the assessment of nutritional status. Br J Nutr 82:165PubMed

35.

Goto R, Mascie-Taylor CGN (2007) Precision of measurement as a component of human variation. J Physiol Anthropol 26:253–256PubMed

36.

Multicentre WHO, Reference G, Group S et al (2006) Reliability of anthropometric measurements in the WHO multicenter growth reference study. Acta Paediatr Suppl 450:47–55

37.

Grivas CR, Komar DA (2008) Kumho, Daubert, and the nature of scientific inquiry: implications for forensic anthropology. J Forensic Sci 53:771–776PubMed

38.

Merlino ML, Springer V, Kelly JS, Hammond D (2007) Meeting the challenges of the Daubert trilogy: refining and redefining the reliability of forensic evidence. Tulsa L Rev 43:417

39.

Steadman DW, Adams BJ, Konigsberg LW (2006) Statistical basis for positive identification in forensic anthropology. Am J Phys Anthropol 131:15–26PubMed

40.

Sholts SB, Flores L, Walker PL, Wärmländer SKTS (2011) Comparison of coordinate measurement precision of different landmark types on human crania using a 3D laser scanner and a 3D digitizer: implications for applications of digital morphometrics. Int J Osteoarchaeol 21:535–543

41.

Ross AH, Williams S (2008) Testing repeatability and error of coordinate landmark data acquired from crania. J Forensic Sci 53:782–785PubMed

42.

Nagaoka T, Kawakubo Y, Hirata K (2012) Evidence for temporal and social differences in cranial dimensions in edo-period Japanese. Int J Osteoarchaeol 22:409–422

43.

Kranioti EF, Işcan MY, Michalodimitrakis M (2008) Craniometric analysis of the modern Cretan population. Forensic Sci Int 180:1–5

44.

Guyomarc’h P, Bruzek J (2010) Dimorphisme sexuel du crâne de sujets identifiés (collection Olivier, MNHN, Paris): Évaluation par morphométrie géométrique. Bull Mem Soc Anthropol Paris 22:216–229

45.

Zavando Matamala DA, Suazo Galdames IC, Smith RL (2009) Sexual dimorphism determination from the lineal dimensions of skulls. Int J Morphol 27:133–137

46.

Steyn M, Işcan MY (1998) Sexual dimorphism in the crania and mandibles of South African whites. Forensic Sci Int 98:9–16PubMed

47.

Rooppakhrun S, Piyasin S, Sitthiseripratip K (2009) 3D CT craniometric study of Thai skulls relevance to sex determination using logistic regression analysis. IFMBE Proc 23:761–764

48.

Birkby WH (1966) An estimation of race and sex identification from the cranial measurements. Am J Phys Anthropol 42:21–27

49.

Johnson DR, O’Higgins P, Moore WJ, McAndrew TJ (1989) Determination of race and sex of the human skull by discriminant function analysis of linear and angular dimensions. Forensic Sci Int 41:41–53PubMed

50.

Molto JE (1979) The assessment and meaning of intra-observer error in population studies based on discontinuous cranial traits. Am J Phys Anthropol 51:333–344PubMed

51.

Franklin D, Freedman L, Milne N (2005) Sexual dimorphism and discriminant function sexing in indigenous South African crania. HOMO- J Comp Hum Biol 55:213–228

52.

Mehta M, Saini V, Nath S, Menon SK (2015) CT scan images for sex discrimination—a preliminary study on Gujarati population. J Forensic Radiol Imaging 3:43–48

53.

Green H, Curnoe D (2009) Sexual dimorphism in Southeast Asian crania: a geometric morphometric approach. HOMO- J Comp Hum Biol 60:517–534

54.

Saini V, Srivastava R, Rai RK et al (2011) An osteometric study of northern Indian populations for sexual dimorphism in craniofacial region. J Forensic Sci 56:700–705PubMed

55.

Dayal MR, Spocter MA, Bidmos MA (2008) An assessment of sex using the skull of black South Africans by discriminant function analysis. HOMO- J Comp Hum Biol 59:209–221

56.

Sangvichien S, Boonkaew K, Chuncharunee A et al (2007) Sex determination in Thai skulls by using craniometry: multiple logistic regression analysis. Siriraj Med J 59:216–221

57.

Krüger GC, L'Abbé EN, Stull KE, Kenyhercz MW (2015) Sexual dimorphism in cranial morphology among modern South Africans. Int J Legal Med 129:869–875PubMed

58.

Williams FLE, Richtsmeier JT (2003) Comparison of mandibular landmarks from computed tomography and 3D digitizer data. Clin Anat 16:494–500PubMed

59.

Lynnerup N, Astrup JG, Sejrsen B (2005) Thickness of the human cranial diploe in relation to age, sex and general body build. Head Face Med 1:13PubMedPubMedCentral

60.

Ross AH, Jantz RL, McCormick WF (1998) Cranial thickness in American females and males. J Forensic Sci 43:267–272PubMed

61.

Lynnerup N (2001) Cranial thickness in relation to age, sex and general body build in a Danish forensic sample. Forensic Sci Int 117:45–51PubMed

62.

Albert AM, Ricanek K, Patterson E (2007) A review of the literature on the aging adult skull and face: implications for forensic science research and applications. Forensic Sci Int 172:1–9PubMed

63.

De Boer HH, Van der Merwe AE, Soerdjbalie-Maikoe V (2016) Human cranial vault thickness in a contemporary sample of 1097 autopsy cases: relation to body weight, stature, age, sex and ancestry. Int J Legal Med 130:1371–1377PubMedPubMedCentral

64.

Doual M, Ferri J, Laude M (1997) The influence of senescence on craniofacial and cervical morphology in humans. Surg Radiol Anat 19:175–183PubMed

Titel: Sex determination of a Tunisian population by CT scan analysis of the skull
verfasst von: Malek Zaafrane
Mehdi Ben Khelil
Ines Naccache
Ekbel Ezzedine
Frédéric Savall
Norbert Telmon
Najla Mnif
Moncef Hamdoun
Publikationsdatum: 21.09.2017
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: International Journal of Legal Medicine / Ausgabe 3/2018
Print ISSN: 0937-9827
Elektronische ISSN: 1437-1596
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-017-1688-1

Springer Medizin

Sex determination of a Tunisian population by CT scan analysis of the skull

Abstract

Neu im Fachgebiet Rechtsmedizin

Molekularpathologische Untersuchungen im Wandel der Zeit

Vergleichende Pathologie in der onkologischen Forschung

Gastrointestinale Stromatumoren

Personalisierte Medizin in der Onkologie

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3/2018

Comparison of different methods for repairing damaged DNA from buffered and unbuffered formalin-fixed tissues

Discriminant analysis of mandibular measurements for the estimation of sex in a modern Brazilian sample

Cardiothoracic injuries after CardioPump CPR: a report of two cases and review of the literature

Rare cause of delirium and hypoxemia after coronary bypass surgery: transdermal lidocaine patch-associated methemoglobinemia

Ancestry inference of 96 population samples using microhaplotypes

Correction to: Collagen degradation as a possibility to determine the post-mortem interval (PMI) of animal bones: a validation study referring to an original study of Boaks et al. (2014)

Neu im Fachgebiet Rechtsmedizin

Molekularpathologische Untersuchungen im Wandel der Zeit

Vergleichende Pathologie in der onkologischen Forschung

Gastrointestinale Stromatumoren

Personalisierte Medizin in der Onkologie