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Journal of Neural Transmission

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01.08.2015 | Psychiatry and Preclinical Psychiatric Studies - Review article

Mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effect of brain reserve against late life depression

verfasst von: Thomas Freret, Pierrette Gaudreau, Pascale Schumann-Bard, Jean-Marie Billard, Aurel Popa-Wagner

Erschienen in: Journal of Neural Transmission | Sonderheft 1/2015

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Abstract

Depression is common and medically relevant illness that has been associated to a state of “accelerated aging” and can significantly compromise successful aging. In recent years, the concept of “brain reserve” has emerged to describe some individuals having an increased “baseline adaptive neuroplasticity”, providing greater dynamic capacity for adjusting and remodeling cortical circuits to various stressors. We hypothesize that brain reserve may have neuroprotective effects against late life depression. Here, we discuss the modulatory capacity of stress and corticosteroid hormones on hippocampal plasticity and neuronal viability in late life depression as well as the anti-depressive of ketamine and scopolamine mediated by stimulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin, increased inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK-3β, and increased synaptogenesis. This review shall shed light on complex neurobiological mechanisms that underpin late life depression and help to better understand neural correlates of resilience. Investigating how rat models of increased cognitive reserve mitigate a chronic mild stress-elicited depression will afford new insights in the search for new therapeutic targets to treat this neuropsychiatric disorder.

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Titel: Mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effect of brain reserve against late life depression
verfasst von: Thomas Freret
Pierrette Gaudreau
Pascale Schumann-Bard
Jean-Marie Billard
Aurel Popa-Wagner
Publikationsdatum: 01.08.2015
Verlag: Springer Vienna
Erschienen in: Journal of Neural Transmission / Ausgabe Sonderheft 1/2015
Print ISSN: 0300-9564
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1463
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-013-1154-2

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