nach oben

Erschienen in:

01.02.2011 | Original Article

Extreme Appraisals of Internal States in Bipolar I Disorder: A Multiple Control Group Study

verfasst von: Warren Mansell, Gemma Paszek, Karen Seal, Rebecca Pedley, Sarah Jones, Nia Thomas, Helena Mannion, Sari Saatsi, Alyson Dodd

Erschienen in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Ausgabe 1/2011

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Thirty individuals with Bipolar I Disorder (16 individuals had relapsed within the last 2 years; 14 individuals had remained well over this period) were hypothesized to score higher on extreme positive and negative appraisals of internal state (HAPPI; Hypomanic Attitudes and Positive Predictions Inventory) than three control groups: remitted unipolar depression group (n = 22), and non-clinical controls with (n = 16) or without (n = 22) a history of hypomanic episodes. In partial support of the primary hypothesis, the relapsed bipolar group and the combined bipolar group scored significantly higher on the HAPPI than the unipolar group and non-clinical group when controlling for age, level of education and bipolar symptoms. It is concluded that self-reported cognitions characterize individuals with bipolar disorder, consistent with a cognitive behavioral approach to its treatment.

These pairwise comparisons also remained significant as one-way ANCOVAs controlling for age, education, activation and depression.

Owing to group differences in number of episodes of depression, this analysis was repeated again for those bipolar and unipolar individuals for whom data was available on the number of depressive episodes and this variable was utilized as a further covariate in an ANCOVA; the main effect of group remained significant, F(1, 29) = 4.47, P < .05. There was insufficient power to attempt this analysis for the binary variables of utilization of medication; utilization of psychological therapy did not differ between groups.

Abraham, K. (1911/1953). Notes on the psycho-analytical investigation and treatment of manic-depressive insanity and allied conditions. In K. Abraham (Ed.), Selected papers on psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books.

Akiskal, H. S., Benazzi, F., Perugi, G., & Rihmer, Z. (2004). Agitated “unipolar” depression re-conceptualized as a depressive mixed state: Implications for the antidepressant-suicide controversy. Journal of Affective Disorders, 85, 245–258.CrossRef

Alatiq, Y., Crane, C., Williams, J. M. G., & Goodwin, G. M. (in press). Dysfunctional beliefs in bipolar disorder: Hypomanic vs. depressive attitudes. Journal of Affective Disorders. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2009.08.021.

Alloy, L. B., Abramson, L. Y., Walshaw, P. D., Gerstein, R. K., Keyser, J. D., Whitehouse, W. G., et al. (2009). Behavioral approach system (BAS)–relevant cognitive styles and bipolar spectrum disorders: Concurrent and prospective associations. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 118, 459–471.CrossRefPubMed

Bauer, M. S., Crits-Christoph, P., Ball, W. A., Dewees, E., McAllister, T., Alahi, P., et al. (1991). Independent assessment of manic and depressive symptoms by self-rating: Scale characteristics and implications for the study of mania. Archives of General Psychiatry, 48, 807–812.PubMed

Beck, A. T. (1967). Depression: Clinical, experimental, and theoretical aspects. New York: Harper & Row.

Bentall, R. (2003). Madness explained: Psychosis and human nature. London, UK: Penguin.

Clark, D. M. (1999). Anxiety disorders: Why they persist and how to treat them. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 37(Supplement), 5–27.

Clark, D. M., Salkovskis, P. M., Ost, L.-G., Breitholze, E., Koehler, K. A., Wetling, B. E., et al. (1997). Misinterpretation of body sensations in panic disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65, 203–213.CrossRefPubMed

Depue, R. A., Krauss, S. P., & Spoont, M. R. (1987). A two-dimensional threshold model of seasonal bipolar affective disorder. In D. Magnusson & A. Ohman (Eds.), Psychopathology: An interactionist perspective (pp. 95–123). New York: Academic Press.

Dodd, A. L., Mansell, W., Sadhnani, V., Morrison, A. P., & Tai, S. (2010). Principal components analysis of the hypomanic attitudes and positive predictions inventory & associations with measures of personality, cognitive style & analogue symptoms in a student sample. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 28, 15–34.CrossRef

Francis-Raniere, E. L., Alloy, L. B., & Abramson, L. Y. (2006). Depressive personality styles and bipolar spectrum disorders: Prospective tests of the event congruency hypothesis. Bipolar Disorders, 8, 382–399.CrossRefPubMed

Freeman, D., Garety, P. A., Bebbington, P. E., Smith, B., Rollinson, R., Fowler, D., et al. (2005). Psychological investigation of the structure of paranoia in a non-clinical population. British Journal of Psychiatry, 186, 427–435.CrossRefPubMed

Garety, P. A., Kuipers, E., Fowler, D., Freeman, D., & Bebbington, P. E. (2001). A cognitive model of the positive symptoms of psychosis. Psychological Medicine, 31, 189–195.CrossRefPubMed

Goldberg, J., Gerstein, R. K., Wenze, S. J., Welker, T. M., & Beck, A. T. (2008). Dysfunctional attitudes and cognitive schemas in bipolar manic and unipolar depressed outpatients: Implications for cognitively based psychotherapeutics. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 196, 207–210.CrossRefPubMed

Gray, J. A. (1972). The psychophysiological basis of introversion-extraversion: A modification of Eysenck’s theory. In V. D. Nebylitsyn & J. A. Gray (Eds.), The biological bases of individual behaviour (pp. 182–205). New York: Academic Press.

Healy, D., & Williams, J. (1989). Moods, misattributions and mania. Psychiatric Developments, 1, 49–70.

Hirschfield, R., Williams, J. B. W., Spitzer, R. L., Calabrese, J. R., Flynn, L., Keck, P. E., et al. (2000). Development and validation of a screening instrument for bipolar spectrum disorder: The mood disorder questionnaire. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 1873–1875.CrossRef

Hollon, S., Kendall, P., & Lumry, A. (1986). Specificity of depressive cognitions in clinical depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 95, 52–59.CrossRefPubMed

Howell, D. (2006). Statistical methods for psychology. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth International.

Johnson, S. L., & Fingerhut, R. (2004). Negative cognitions predict the course of bipolar depression, not mania. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 18, 149–162.CrossRef

Johnson, S. L., Meyer, B., Winett, C., & Small, J. (2000). Social support and self-esteem predict changes in bipolar depression but not mania. Journal of Affective Disorders, 58, 79–86.CrossRefPubMed

Jones, S. H. (2001). Circadian rhythms, multilevel models of emotion and bipolar disorder: An initial step towards integration? Clinical Psychology Review, 21, 1193–1209.CrossRefPubMed

Jones, L., Scott, J., Haque, S., Gordon-Smith, K., Heron, J., Caesar, S., et al. (2005). Cognitive style in bipolar disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry, 187, 431–437.CrossRefPubMed

Jones, S. H., Mansell, W., & Waller, L. (2006). Appraisal of hypomania relevant experiences: development of a questionnaire to assess positive self dispositional appraisals in bipolar and behavioural high risk samples. Journal of Affective Disorders, 93, 19–28.CrossRefPubMed

Lam, D. H., Jones, S., Hayward, P., & Bright, J. (1999). Cognitive therapy for bipolar disorder: A therapist’s guide to the concept, methods and practice. Chichester, UK: Wiley and Son Ltd.

Lam, D. H., Wright, K., & Smith, N. (2004). Dysfunctional assumptions in bipolar disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, 79, 193–199.CrossRefPubMed

Lex, C., Meyer, T. D., Marquart, B., & Thau, K. (2008). No strong evidence for abnormal levels of dysfunctional attitudes, automatic thoughts, and emotional information-processing biases in remitted bipolar I affective disorder. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 81, 1–13.CrossRef

Lyon, H. M., Startup, M., & Bentall, R. P. (1999). Social cognition and the manic defense: Attributions, selective attention, and self-schema in bipolar affective disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 108, 273–282.CrossRefPubMed

Mansell, W. (2006). The hypomanic attitudes and positive predictions inventory (HAPPI): A pilot study to select cognitions that are elevated in individuals with bipolar disorder compared to non-clinical controls. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 34, 467–476.CrossRef

Mansell, W., & Hodson, S. (2009). Imagery and memories of the social self in people with bipolar disorders: Empirical evidence, phenomenology, theory and therapy. In L. Stopa (Ed.), Imagery and the threatened self. Hove, UK: Routledge.

Mansell, W., & Jones, S. H. (2006). The Brief-HAPPI: A questionnaire to assess cognitions that distinguish between individuals with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder and non-clinical controls. Journal of Affective Disorders, 93, 29–34.CrossRefPubMed

Mansell, W., & Lam, D. H. (2006). “I won’t do what you tell me!” elevated mood and the computerized assessment of advice-taking in remitted bipolar I disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 1787–1801.CrossRefPubMed

Mansell, W., & Pedley, R. (2008). The ascent into mania: A review of psychological processes associated with manic symptoms. Clinical Psychology Review, 28, 494–520.CrossRefPubMed

Mansell, W., & Scott, J. (2006). Dysfunctional beliefs in individuals with bipolar disorder. In R. Bentall & S. E. Jones (Eds.), The psychology of bipolar disorder: New developments and research strategies (pp. 73–90). New York: Oxford University Press.

Mansell, W., Colom, F., & Scott, J. (2005). The nature and treatment of depression in bipolar disorder: A review and implications for future psychological investigation. Clinical Psychology Review, 25, 1076–1100.CrossRefPubMed

Mansell, W., Morrison, A. P., Reid, G., Lowens, I., & Tai, S. (2007). The interpretation of and responses to changes in internal states: An integrative cognitive model of mood swings and bipolar disorder. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 35, 515–541.

Mansell, W., Rigby, Z., Tai, S., & Lowe, C. (2008). Factor analysis of the hypomanic attitudes and positive predictions inventory (HAPPI) and its association with hypomanic symptoms in a student population. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 64, 450–465.CrossRefPubMed

Meyer, B., Johnson, S. L., & Winters, R. (2001). Responsiveness to threat and incentive in bipolar disorder: Relations of the BIS/BAS scales with symptoms. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 23, 133–143.CrossRef

Morrison, A. P. (2001). The interpretation of intrusions in psychosis: An integrative cognitive approach to hallucinations and delusions. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 29, 257–276.

Nusslock, R., Abramson, L. Y., Harmen-Jones, E., Alloy, L. B., & Hogan, M. E. (2007). A goal-striving life event and the onset of hypomanic and depressive episodes and symptoms: Perspective from the behavioral approach system (BAS) dysregulation theory. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 116, 105–115.CrossRefPubMed

Power, M. J. (2005). Psychological approaches to bipolar disorders: A theoretical critique. Clinical Psychology Review, 25, 1101–1122.CrossRefPubMed

Power, M. J., Katz, R., McGuffin, P., Duggan, C. F., Lam, D., & Beck, A. T. (1994). The dysfunctional attitudes scale (DAS): A comparison of forms A and B and proposal for a new sub-scaled version. Journal of Research in Personality, 28, 263–276.CrossRef

Reilly-Harrington, N. A., Alloy, L. B., Fresco, D. M., & Whitehouse, W. G. (1999). Cognitive styles and life events interact to predict bipolar and unipolar symptomatology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 108, 567–578.CrossRefPubMed

Salavert, J., Casera, X., Torrubia, R., Furest, S., Arranz, B., Duenas, R., et al. (2007). The functioning of the behavioural activation and inhibition systems in bipolar I euthymic patients and its influence in subsequent episodes over an eighteen-month period. Personality and Individual Differences, 42, 1323–1331.CrossRef

Scott, J., & Pope, M. (2003). Cognitive styles in individuals with bipolar disorders. Psychological Medicine, 33, 1081–1088.CrossRefPubMed

Scott, J., Stanton, B., Garland, A., & Ferrier, I. (2000). Cognitive vulnerability in bipolar disorders. Psychological Medicine, 30, 467–472.CrossRefPubMed

Seal, K., Mansell, W., & Mannion, H. (2008). What lies between hypomania and bipolar disorder? A qualitative analysis of 12 non-treatment-seeking people with a history of hypomanic experiences and no history of depression. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 81, 33–54.CrossRef

Silverman, J. S., Silverman, J. A., & Eardley, D. A. (1984). Do maladaptive attitudes cause depression? Archives of General Psychiatry, 41, 28–30.PubMed

Taylor, P., & Mansell, W. (2008). “I get so energetic and dominating!” a study of hypomanic personality and conflicting self-perception during activated states in a co-operative task. Personality and Individual Differences, 45, 483–487.CrossRef

Weisman, A. & Beck, A.T. (1978). Development and validation of the dysfunctional attitudes scale: A preliminary investigation. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American educational research association, Toronto, Canada.

Wright, K., Lam, D., & Newsom-Davis, I. (2005). Induced mood change and dysfunctional attitudes in remitted bipolar I affective disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114, 689–696.CrossRefPubMed

Titel: Extreme Appraisals of Internal States in Bipolar I Disorder: A Multiple Control Group Study
verfasst von: Warren Mansell
Gemma Paszek
Karen Seal
Rebecca Pedley
Sarah Jones
Nia Thomas
Helena Mannion
Sari Saatsi
Alyson Dodd
Publikationsdatum: 01.02.2011
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Cognitive Therapy and Research / Ausgabe 1/2011
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-009-9287-1

Neu im Fachgebiet Psychiatrie

23.04.2024 | Demenz | Nachrichten

Update Psychiatrie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen

Springer Medizin

Extreme Appraisals of Internal States in Bipolar I Disorder: A Multiple Control Group Study

Abstract

Neu im Fachgebiet Psychiatrie

Demenzkranke durch Antipsychotika vielfach gefährdet

Weniger postpartale Depressionen nach Esketamin-Einmalgabe

„Psychotherapie ist auch bei sehr alten Menschen hochwirksam!“

Auf diese Krankheiten bei Geflüchteten sollten Sie vorbereitet sein

Update Psychiatrie

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2011

Self-reported Sleep Quality and Cognitive Style in Older Adults

A Study of Maladaptive Schemas and Borderline Personality Disorder in Young People

Distorted Cognitive Processing in Youth: The Structure of Negative Cognitive Errors and Their Associations with Anxiety

Parental Beliefs About Child Anxiety as a Mediator of Parent and Child Anxiety

Social Problem-Solving and Depressive Symptom Vulnerability: The Importance of Real-Life Problem-Solving Performance

Cognitive Biases in Depression and Eating Disorders

Neu im Fachgebiet Psychiatrie

Demenzkranke durch Antipsychotika vielfach gefährdet

Weniger postpartale Depressionen nach Esketamin-Einmalgabe

„Psychotherapie ist auch bei sehr alten Menschen hochwirksam!“

Auf diese Krankheiten bei Geflüchteten sollten Sie vorbereitet sein

Update Psychiatrie