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01.12.2012

Impulsivity-related traits are associated with higher white blood cell counts

verfasst von: Angelina R. Sutin, Yuri Milaneschi, Alessandra Cannas, Luigi Ferrucci, Manuela Uda, David Schlessinger, Alan B. Zonderman, Antonio Terracciano

Erschienen in: Journal of Behavioral Medicine | Ausgabe 6/2012

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Abstract

A chronically elevated white blood cell (WBC) count is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality. The present research tests whether facets of impulsivity—impulsiveness, excitement-seeking, self-discipline, and deliberation—are associated with chronically elevated WBC counts. Community-dwelling participants (N = 5,652) from Sardinia, Italy, completed a standard personality questionnaire and provided blood samples concurrently and again 3 years later. Higher scores on impulsivity, in particular impulsiveness and excitement-seeking, were related to higher total WBC counts and higher lymphocyte counts at both time points. Impulsiveness was a predictor of chronic inflammation: for every standard deviation difference in this trait, there was an almost 25% higher risk of elevated WBC counts at both time points (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.10–1.38). These associations were mediated, in part, by smoking and body mass index. The findings demonstrate that links between psychological processes and immunity are not limited to acute stressors; stable personality dispositions are associated with a chronic inflammatory state.

Age moderated some of the associations at Time 1, but not at Time 2. At Time 1, among older participants, high scores on the Impulsivity index (β_{Impulse × age} = .03, P < .05) and E5: Excitement-Seeking (β_{E5 × age} = .03, P < .05) and low scores on C5: Self-Discipline (β_C5 × age = −.03, P < .05) were associated with higher WBC, whereas these traits were less related to WBC counts among younger participants. None of these interactions, however, replicated at Time 2 (β_interaction = −.02, .00, and .00, ns, respectively, for the Impulsivity index, E5: Excitement-Seeking, and C5: Self-Discipline).

Age moderated the association between C5: Self-Discipline and lymphocyte count at Time 1. Specifically, higher scores on C5: Self-Discipline were associated with lower lymphocytes among older, but not younger, participants (β_{C5 × age} = −.03, P < .05). This interaction was not significant at Time 2 (β_{C5 × age} = .01, ns).

Age moderated several of the associations between personality and neutrophils at Time 1. Older participants who scored higher on C5: Self-Discipline (β_{C5 × age} = −.03, P < .05) and C6: Deliberation (β_{C6 × age} = −.03, P < .05), and lower on the Impulsivity index (β_{Impulse × age} = .04, P < .01) and E5: Excitement-Seeking (β_{E5 × age} = .04, P < .01) had lower neutrophil counts; these traits were unrelated to neutrophil counts among the younger participants. None of these interactions, however, replicated at Time 2 (βs = −.01, .02, .00, and .02, respectively, for, C5: Self-Discipline, C6: Deliberation, the Impulsivity index, and E5: Excitement-Seeking, all ns).

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Titel: Impulsivity-related traits are associated with higher white blood cell counts
verfasst von: Angelina R. Sutin
Yuri Milaneschi
Alessandra Cannas
Luigi Ferrucci
Manuela Uda
David Schlessinger
Alan B. Zonderman
Antonio Terracciano
Publikationsdatum: 01.12.2012
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Journal of Behavioral Medicine / Ausgabe 6/2012
Print ISSN: 0160-7715
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-3521
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-011-9390-0

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