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Erschienen in:

01.08.2019

Predictors of transitions in firearm assault behavior among drug-using youth presenting to an urban emergency department

verfasst von: Jason E. Goldstick, Patrick M. Carter, Justin E. Heinze, Maureen A. Walton, Marc Zimmerman, Rebecca M. Cunningham

Erschienen in: Journal of Behavioral Medicine | Ausgabe 4/2019

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Abstract

Risk and protective factors for firearm assault (FA) have been established, but little is known about factor preceding transitions in FA behavior. We modeled covariate effects on individuals’ transitions in FA behavior (Yes/No) using inhomogeneous, continuous-time, Markov Chains. 3287 assessments were made across five initial biannual follow-ups, and two additional biannual follow-ups (an average of 2.2 years later) from a follow-on study; 2687 pairs of transitions were observed (2414 No-FA → No-FA; 89 No-FA → FA; 121 FA → No-FA; 63 FA → FA). Non-firearm peer violence (HR = 2.31, 95% CI [1.28,4.21]), firearm victimization (HR = 2.57, 95% CI [1.31,5.04]), and marijuana ASSIST sum (HR = 1.27, 95% CI [1.05,1.54]) all preceded transitions into FA, but not transitions out of FA. Delinquent peer associations both hastened transitions into FA (HR = 1.19, 95% CI [1.00,1.40]) and slowed transitions out of FA (HR = 0.84, 95% CI:[0.72,1.00]), with analogous findings regarding attitudes favoring retaliation. Efforts to prevent FA initiation should focus on those currently reporting firearm violence victimization, and on factors indicating an escalating delinquency trajectory (e.g. non-firearm violence, substance use), while programs focusing on peer influences and social norms may be effective at preventing FA regardless of current FA status.

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Titel: Predictors of transitions in firearm assault behavior among drug-using youth presenting to an urban emergency department
verfasst von: Jason E. Goldstick
Patrick M. Carter
Justin E. Heinze
Maureen A. Walton
Marc Zimmerman
Rebecca M. Cunningham
Publikationsdatum: 01.08.2019
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Journal of Behavioral Medicine / Ausgabe 4/2019
Print ISSN: 0160-7715
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-3521
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-019-00021-8

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Predictors of transitions in firearm assault behavior among drug-using youth presenting to an urban emergency department

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