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Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
Erschienen in: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders 4/2007

01.12.2007

Basic concepts and recent developments in human steroid hormone biosynthesis

verfasst von: Hans K. Ghayee, Richard J. Auchus

Erschienen in: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders | Ausgabe 4/2007

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Abstract

The biosynthesis of steroid hormones requires the coordinated expression of the enzymes that comprise the pathways via which specific hormones are synthesized. These pathways and their associated enzymes are typically subject to regulation consisting of trophic hormone stimuli and feedback mechanisms. Very few tissues contribute substantially to de novo steroidogenesis, primarily the adrenal glands, the gonads, and the placenta. Both the embryonic origins and the signaling mechanisms for the adrenals and gonads are similar, and steroid synthesis in these two glands are the major focus of this review. We will further describe peripheral steroid metabolism and the regulation of steroid hormone potency in target tissues. In addition, we will briefly discuss the congenital adrenal hyperplasias to illustrate the principles developed in the initial sections. Finally, we will discuss some recent developments in steroidogensis, focusing on cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase deficiency and the alternate or “backdoor” pathway to dihydrotestosterone. We will conclude with a description of aberrant signaling mechanisms observed in adrenal tumors as a further example of how these pathways can be disturbed in pathologic states.
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Metadaten
Titel
Basic concepts and recent developments in human steroid hormone biosynthesis
verfasst von
Hans K. Ghayee
Richard J. Auchus
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2007
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders / Ausgabe 4/2007
Print ISSN: 1389-9155
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-2606
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11154-007-9052-2

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