Skip to main content
Erschienen in: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 1/2015

01.02.2015

Sports-Embedded Gambling Promotions: A Study of Exposure, Sports Betting Intention and Problem Gambling Amongst Adults

verfasst von: Nerilee Hing, Matthew Lamont, Peter Vitartas, Elian Fink

Erschienen in: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction | Ausgabe 1/2015

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Community, media and government concerns have emerged about promoting sports betting during televised sports broadcasts, which now contain betting operators’ logos, signage, websites, commentary and betting odds. Despite large television audiences being exposed, limited research has examined how these promotions shape gambling behaviour, particularly amongst problem gamblers. Underpinned by the Theory of Reasoned Action, this study explored whether exposure and attitude to gambling promotions during televised sport predict sports betting intention and whether this relationship varies with problem gambling severity. Surveys were conducted with 1,000 adults in Queensland, Australia. Strongest predictors of greater intended frequency of sports betting were higher problem gambling severity, previous sports betting participation, more frequent exposure to the promotions, and more positive attitudes towards them. Results suggest that the audience most likely to be stimulated by these promotions are problem gamblers because they have greatest exposure and a favourable disposition to them, and report they have maintained or worsened their problem sports betting behaviours. Policy and public health interventions may be needed to counter these pervasive media messages.
Fußnoten
1
Exotic betting’ involves placing bets, either before or during a match, on individual events and contingencies within a match, such as number of goals scored, points won or penalties awarded, with these exotic bets sometimes relating to particular players, teams or time periods (e.g., the first set of a tennis match) (JSCGR, 2011). Bookmakers can also offer ‘novelty bets’. These include bets made available to a limited number of people (e.g., to the first 100 callers), for a limited time (e.g., for the next five minutes), or with a conditional money-back guarantee (e.g., the team backed loses by ten points or less).
 
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Ajzen, I. (1985). From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behaviour. In J. Kuhl & J. Beckman (Eds.), Action-control: From cognition to behaviour (pp. 11–39). Heidelberg: Springer.CrossRef Ajzen, I. (1985). From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behaviour. In J. Kuhl & J. Beckman (Eds.), Action-control: From cognition to behaviour (pp. 11–39). Heidelberg: Springer.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitude and predicting social behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitude and predicting social behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Zurück zum Zitat Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). (2011). Census of population and housing. Canberra: ABS. Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). (2011). Census of population and housing. Canberra: ABS.
Zurück zum Zitat Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Zurück zum Zitat Battersby, M., Pols, R., Oakes, J., Smith, D., McLaughlin, K., & Baigent, M. (2010). Definition and predictors of relapse in problem gambling. Melbourne: Gambling Research Australia. Battersby, M., Pols, R., Oakes, J., Smith, D., McLaughlin, K., & Baigent, M. (2010). Definition and predictors of relapse in problem gambling. Melbourne: Gambling Research Australia.
Zurück zum Zitat Behrend, T. S., Sharek, D. J., Meade, A. W., & Wiebe, E. N. (2011). The viability of crowdsourcing for survey research. Behavior Research Methods, 43(3), 800–813.PubMedCrossRef Behrend, T. S., Sharek, D. J., Meade, A. W., & Wiebe, E. N. (2011). The viability of crowdsourcing for survey research. Behavior Research Methods, 43(3), 800–813.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Binde, P. (2007). Selling dreams—causing nightmares? Journal of Gambling Issues, 20, 167–192.CrossRef Binde, P. (2007). Selling dreams—causing nightmares? Journal of Gambling Issues, 20, 167–192.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Binde, P. (2009). Exploring the impact of gambling advertising: an interview study of problem gamblers. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 7(4), 541–554.CrossRef Binde, P. (2009). Exploring the impact of gambling advertising: an interview study of problem gamblers. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 7(4), 541–554.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Binde, P. (2014). Gambling advertising: A critical research review. London: Responsible Gambling Trust. Binde, P. (2014). Gambling advertising: A critical research review. London: Responsible Gambling Trust.
Zurück zum Zitat Bonke, J. (2007). Ludomani i Danmark II: Faktorer af betydning for spilleproblemer (Socialforskningsinstituttet rapport 07:14). København: Socialforskningsinstituttet. Bonke, J. (2007). Ludomani i Danmark II: Faktorer af betydning for spilleproblemer (Socialforskningsinstituttet rapport 07:14). København: Socialforskningsinstituttet.
Zurück zum Zitat Bornstein, R. F. (1989). Exposure and affect: overview and meta-analysis of research, 1968–1987. Psychological Bulletin, 106(2), 265.CrossRef Bornstein, R. F. (1989). Exposure and affect: overview and meta-analysis of research, 1968–1987. Psychological Bulletin, 106(2), 265.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Boughton, R., & Brewster, J.M. (2002). Voices of women who gamble in Ontario: A survey of women’s gambling, barriers to treatment and treatment service needs. Retrieved 12 October 2008 from http:// www.gamblingresearch.org/download.sz/voicesofwomen%20Boughton%20(1).pdf?docid=1524. Boughton, R., & Brewster, J.M. (2002). Voices of women who gamble in Ontario: A survey of women’s gambling, barriers to treatment and treatment service needs. Retrieved 12 October 2008 from http:// www.gamblingresearch.org/download.sz/voicesofwomen%20Boughton%20(1).pdf?docid=1524.
Zurück zum Zitat Brown, J. D., & Walsh-Childers, K. (2002). Effects of media on personal and public health. Media effects: Advances in theory and research, 2, 453–488. Brown, J. D., & Walsh-Childers, K. (2002). Effects of media on personal and public health. Media effects: Advances in theory and research, 2, 453–488.
Zurück zum Zitat Cacioppo, J. T., Petty, R. E., & Crites, S. L., Jr. (1994). Attitude change. In A. Bandura & V. S. Ramachaudran (Eds.), Encyclopedia of human behavior (1st ed., pp. 261–270). New York, NY: Academic. Cacioppo, J. T., Petty, R. E., & Crites, S. L., Jr. (1994). Attitude change. In A. Bandura & V. S. Ramachaudran (Eds.), Encyclopedia of human behavior (1st ed., pp. 261–270). New York, NY: Academic.
Zurück zum Zitat Clarke, D., Tse, S., Abbott, M., Townsend, S., Kingi, P., & Manaia, W. (2006). Key indicators of the transition from social to problem gambling. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 4(3), 247–264.CrossRef Clarke, D., Tse, S., Abbott, M., Townsend, S., Kingi, P., & Manaia, W. (2006). Key indicators of the transition from social to problem gambling. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 4(3), 247–264.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Clarke, D., Tse, S., Abbott, M., Townsend, S., Kingi, P., & Manaia, W. (2007). Reasons for starting and continuing gambling in a mixed ethnic community sample of pathological and non-problem gamblers. International Gambling Studies, 7(3), 299–313.CrossRef Clarke, D., Tse, S., Abbott, M., Townsend, S., Kingi, P., & Manaia, W. (2007). Reasons for starting and continuing gambling in a mixed ethnic community sample of pathological and non-problem gamblers. International Gambling Studies, 7(3), 299–313.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat CLSA. (2013). Mr and Mrs Australia: Adjusting to the new norm. Sydney: CLSA. CLSA. (2013). Mr and Mrs Australia: Adjusting to the new norm. Sydney: CLSA.
Zurück zum Zitat Currie, S. R., Hodgins, D. C., Wang, J., El-Guebaly, N., Wynne, H., & Chen, S. (2006). Risk of harm among gamblers in the general population as a function of level of participation in gambling activities. Addiction, 101(4), 570–580.PubMedCrossRef Currie, S. R., Hodgins, D. C., Wang, J., El-Guebaly, N., Wynne, H., & Chen, S. (2006). Risk of harm among gamblers in the general population as a function of level of participation in gambling activities. Addiction, 101(4), 570–580.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Currie, S.R., Hodgins, D., Wang, J., el-Guebaly, N., Wynne, H., & Miller, N. (2008). Replication of low-risk gambling limits using Canadian provincial gambling prevalence data. Journal of Gambling Studies, 24(3), 321–335. Currie, S.R., Hodgins, D., Wang, J., el-Guebaly, N., Wynne, H., & Miller, N. (2008). Replication of low-risk gambling limits using Canadian provincial gambling prevalence data. Journal of Gambling Studies, 24(3), 321–335.
Zurück zum Zitat Delfabbro, P. H. (2012). Australasian gambling review (5th ed.). Adelaide: Independent Gambling Authority. Delfabbro, P. H. (2012). Australasian gambling review (5th ed.). Adelaide: Independent Gambling Authority.
Zurück zum Zitat Deloitte (2012). Optimal product fee models for Australian sporting bodies. Deloitte Touche Tohnatsu. Deloitte (2012). Optimal product fee models for Australian sporting bodies. Deloitte Touche Tohnatsu.
Zurück zum Zitat Derevensky, J., Sklar, A., Gupta, R., & Messerlian, C. (2010). An empirical study examining the impact of gambling advertisements on adolescent gambling attitudes and behaviors. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 8(1), 21–34.CrossRef Derevensky, J., Sklar, A., Gupta, R., & Messerlian, C. (2010). An empirical study examining the impact of gambling advertisements on adolescent gambling attitudes and behaviors. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 8(1), 21–34.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Evans, J., & Mathur, A. (2005). The value of online surveys. Internet Research, 15(2), 195–219.CrossRef Evans, J., & Mathur, A. (2005). The value of online surveys. Internet Research, 15(2), 195–219.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Felsher, J. R., Derevensky, J. L., & Gupta, R. (2004a). Lottery participation by youth with gambling problems: are lottery tickets a gateway to other gambling venues? International Gambling Studies, 4(2), 109–125.CrossRef Felsher, J. R., Derevensky, J. L., & Gupta, R. (2004a). Lottery participation by youth with gambling problems: are lottery tickets a gateway to other gambling venues? International Gambling Studies, 4(2), 109–125.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Felsher, J. R., Derevensky, J. L., & Gupta, R. (2004b). Lottery playing amongst youth: implications for prevention and social policy. Journal of Gambling Studies, 20(2), 127–153.PubMedCrossRef Felsher, J. R., Derevensky, J. L., & Gupta, R. (2004b). Lottery playing amongst youth: implications for prevention and social policy. Journal of Gambling Studies, 20(2), 127–153.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ferris, J., & Wynne, H. (2001). The Canadian problem gambling index: Final report. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse. Ferris, J., & Wynne, H. (2001). The Canadian problem gambling index: Final report. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse.
Zurück zum Zitat Fishbein, M. (1967). Attitude and the prediction of behaviour. In M. Fishbein (Ed.), Readings in attitude theory and measurement (pp. 477–495). New York, NY: Wiley. Fishbein, M. (1967). Attitude and the prediction of behaviour. In M. Fishbein (Ed.), Readings in attitude theory and measurement (pp. 477–495). New York, NY: Wiley.
Zurück zum Zitat Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Zurück zum Zitat Friend, K. B., & Ladd, G. T. (2009). Youth gambling advertising: a review of the lessons learned from tobacco control. Drugs: Education, Prevention, and Policy, 16(4), 283–297. Friend, K. B., & Ladd, G. T. (2009). Youth gambling advertising: a review of the lessons learned from tobacco control. Drugs: Education, Prevention, and Policy, 16(4), 283–297.
Zurück zum Zitat Gardner, M. P. (1985). Does attitude toward the ad affect brand attitude under a brand evaluation set? Journal of Marketing Research, 22(2), 192–198.CrossRef Gardner, M. P. (1985). Does attitude toward the ad affect brand attitude under a brand evaluation set? Journal of Marketing Research, 22(2), 192–198.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gerbner, G., Gross, L., Morgan, M., Signorielli, N., & Shanahan, J. (1992). Growing up with television: Cultivation processes. In J. Bryant & D. Zillman (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (2nd ed., pp. 43–68). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. Gerbner, G., Gross, L., Morgan, M., Signorielli, N., & Shanahan, J. (1992). Growing up with television: Cultivation processes. In J. Bryant & D. Zillman (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (2nd ed., pp. 43–68). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
Zurück zum Zitat Gerbner, G., Gross, L., Morgan, M., & Signorielli, N. (1994). Growing up with television: The cultivation perspective. In J. Bryant & D. Zillman (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (1st ed., pp. 17–41). Hillsdale, NJ, England: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. Gerbner, G., Gross, L., Morgan, M., & Signorielli, N. (1994). Growing up with television: The cultivation perspective. In J. Bryant & D. Zillman (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (1st ed., pp. 17–41). Hillsdale, NJ, England: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
Zurück zum Zitat Gonzalez-Mena, J. (2012). Child, family, and community: Family-centered early care and education (6th ed.). New York: Pearson. Gonzalez-Mena, J. (2012). Child, family, and community: Family-centered early care and education (6th ed.). New York: Pearson.
Zurück zum Zitat Gӧritz, A., Reinhold, N., & Batinic, B. (2000). Online panels. In B. Batinic, U. Reips, & M. Bosnjak (Eds.), Online social sciences (pp. 29–51). Seattle: Hogrefe. Gӧritz, A., Reinhold, N., & Batinic, B. (2000). Online panels. In B. Batinic, U. Reips, & M. Bosnjak (Eds.), Online social sciences (pp. 29–51). Seattle: Hogrefe.
Zurück zum Zitat Grant, J. E., & Kim, S. (2001). Demographic and clinical features of 131 adult pathological gamblers. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 62, 957–962.PubMedCrossRef Grant, J. E., & Kim, S. (2001). Demographic and clinical features of 131 adult pathological gamblers. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 62, 957–962.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gresham, L. G., & Shimp, T. A. (1985). Attitude toward the advertisement and brand attitudes: a classical conditioning perspective. Journal of Advertising, 14(1), 10–49.CrossRef Gresham, L. G., & Shimp, T. A. (1985). Attitude toward the advertisement and brand attitudes: a classical conditioning perspective. Journal of Advertising, 14(1), 10–49.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hing, N., Vitartas, P., & Lamont, M. (2013). Gambling sponsorship of sport: an exploratory study of links with gambling attitudes and intentions. International Gambling Studies, 13(3), 281–301.CrossRef Hing, N., Vitartas, P., & Lamont, M. (2013). Gambling sponsorship of sport: an exploratory study of links with gambling attitudes and intentions. International Gambling Studies, 13(3), 281–301.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hing, N., Cherney, L., Blaszczynski, A., Gainsbury, S., & Lubman, D. (2014a). Do advertising and promotions for online gambling increase gambling consumption? An exploratory study. International Gambling Studies. doi:10.1080/14459795.2014.903989. Hing, N., Cherney, L., Blaszczynski, A., Gainsbury, S., & Lubman, D. (2014a). Do advertising and promotions for online gambling increase gambling consumption? An exploratory study. International Gambling Studies. doi:10.​1080/​14459795.​2014.​903989.
Zurück zum Zitat Hing, N., Vitartas, P., Lamont, M., & Fink, E. (2014c). Adolescent exposure to gambling promotions during televised sport: an exploratory study of links with gambling intentions. International Gambling Studies. doi:10.1080/14459795.2014.902489. Hing, N., Vitartas, P., Lamont, M., & Fink, E. (2014c). Adolescent exposure to gambling promotions during televised sport: an exploratory study of links with gambling intentions. International Gambling Studies. doi:10.​1080/​14459795.​2014.​902489.
Zurück zum Zitat Hoa, K., Wong Sau-kuena, S., & Hui Lo Man-chuna, J. (2012). The relationship between gambling accessibility and Hong Kong people’s participation in gambling activities. Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work and Development, 22(4), 266–274.CrossRef Hoa, K., Wong Sau-kuena, S., & Hui Lo Man-chuna, J. (2012). The relationship between gambling accessibility and Hong Kong people’s participation in gambling activities. Asia Pacific Journal of Social Work and Development, 22(4), 266–274.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hodgins, D. C., & El-Guebaly, N. (2004). Retrospective and prospective reports of precipitants to relapse in pathological gambling. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72(1), 72–80.PubMedCrossRef Hodgins, D. C., & El-Guebaly, N. (2004). Retrospective and prospective reports of precipitants to relapse in pathological gambling. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72(1), 72–80.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hunt, C. (2013). Submission to the Joint Select Committee on Gambling Reform Inquiry into the advertising and promotion of gambling services in sport. Hunt, C. (2013). Submission to the Joint Select Committee on Gambling Reform Inquiry into the advertising and promotion of gambling services in sport.
Zurück zum Zitat Joint Select Committee on Gambling Reform (JSCGR). (2011). Interactive and online gambling and gambling advertising. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia. Joint Select Committee on Gambling Reform (JSCGR). (2011). Interactive and online gambling and gambling advertising. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia.
Zurück zum Zitat Joint Select Committee on Gambling Reform (JSCGR). (2013). The advertising and promotion of gambling services in sport. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia. Joint Select Committee on Gambling Reform (JSCGR). (2013). The advertising and promotion of gambling services in sport. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia.
Zurück zum Zitat Jolley, B., Mizerski, R., & Olaru, D. (2006). How habit and satisfaction affects player retention for online gambling. Journal of Business Research, 59(6), 770–777.CrossRef Jolley, B., Mizerski, R., & Olaru, D. (2006). How habit and satisfaction affects player retention for online gambling. Journal of Business Research, 59(6), 770–777.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Jonsson, J., Andrén, A., Nilsson, T., Svensson, O., Munck, I., Kindstedt, A., & Rönnberg, S. (2003). Spelberoende i Sverige - vad kännetecknar personer med spelproblem? Stockholm: Statens folkhälsoinstitut. Jonsson, J., Andrén, A., Nilsson, T., Svensson, O., Munck, I., Kindstedt, A., & Rönnberg, S. (2003). Spelberoende i Sverige - vad kännetecknar personer med spelproblem? Stockholm: Statens folkhälsoinstitut.
Zurück zum Zitat Korn, D., Reynolds, J., & Hurson, T. (2005). Commercial gambling advertising: Understanding the youth connection. Guelph, ON: Ontario Problem Gambling Research Centre. Korn, D., Reynolds, J., & Hurson, T. (2005). Commercial gambling advertising: Understanding the youth connection. Guelph, ON: Ontario Problem Gambling Research Centre.
Zurück zum Zitat Kubey, R., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2013). Television and the quality of life: How viewing shapes everyday experience. New York: Routledge. Kubey, R., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2013). Television and the quality of life: How viewing shapes everyday experience. New York: Routledge.
Zurück zum Zitat Kyle, G., Absher, J., Norman, W., Hammitt, W., & Jodice, L. (2007). A modified involvement scale. Leisure Studies, 26, 399–427.CrossRef Kyle, G., Absher, J., Norman, W., Hammitt, W., & Jodice, L. (2007). A modified involvement scale. Leisure Studies, 26, 399–427.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Laczniak, R. N., Muehling, D. D., & Grossbart, S. (1989). Manipulating message involvement in advertising research. Journal of Advertising, 18(2), 28–38.CrossRef Laczniak, R. N., Muehling, D. D., & Grossbart, S. (1989). Manipulating message involvement in advertising research. Journal of Advertising, 18(2), 28–38.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lamont, M., Hing, N., & Gainsbury, S. (2011). Gambling on sport sponsorship: a conceptual framework for research. Sport Management Review, 14(3), 246–257.CrossRef Lamont, M., Hing, N., & Gainsbury, S. (2011). Gambling on sport sponsorship: a conceptual framework for research. Sport Management Review, 14(3), 246–257.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Larimer, M. E., & Neighbors, C. (2003). Normative misperception and the impact of descriptive and injunctive norms on college student gambling. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 17(3), 235–243.PubMedCrossRef Larimer, M. E., & Neighbors, C. (2003). Normative misperception and the impact of descriptive and injunctive norms on college student gambling. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 17(3), 235–243.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lee, H. S., Lemanski, J., & Jun, J. W. (2008). Role of gambling media exposure in influencing trajectories among college students. Journal of Gambling Studies, 24(1), 25–37.PubMedCrossRef Lee, H. S., Lemanski, J., & Jun, J. W. (2008). Role of gambling media exposure in influencing trajectories among college students. Journal of Gambling Studies, 24(1), 25–37.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Maher, A., Wilson, N., Signal, L., & Thomson, G. (2006). Patterns of sports sponsorship by gambling, alcohol and food companies: an internet survey. BMC Public Health, 6, 95–104.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Maher, A., Wilson, N., Signal, L., & Thomson, G. (2006). Patterns of sports sponsorship by gambling, alcohol and food companies: an internet survey. BMC Public Health, 6, 95–104.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Marcoux, B. C., & Shope, J. T. (1997). Application of the theory of planned behaviour to adolescent use and misuse of alcohol. Health and Education Research, 12(3), 323–331.CrossRef Marcoux, B. C., & Shope, J. T. (1997). Application of the theory of planned behaviour to adolescent use and misuse of alcohol. Health and Education Research, 12(3), 323–331.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat McCormack, A., Shorter, G. W., & Griffiths, M. D. (2013). Characteristics and predictors of problem gambling on the internet. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 11(6), 634–657.CrossRef McCormack, A., Shorter, G. W., & Griffiths, M. D. (2013). Characteristics and predictors of problem gambling on the internet. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 11(6), 634–657.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat McGuire, W. (1985). Attitudes and attitude change. In L. Gardner & A. Elliot (Eds.), Handbook of social psychology (3rd ed., pp. 223–346). New York, NY: Random House. McGuire, W. (1985). Attitudes and attitude change. In L. Gardner & A. Elliot (Eds.), Handbook of social psychology (3rd ed., pp. 223–346). New York, NY: Random House.
Zurück zum Zitat McMullan, J.L. (2011). Submission to the Joint Select Committee on Gambling Reform Inquiry into Interactive Gambling. Retrieved 3 September 2013 from: http://www.aph.gov.au/senate/committee/gamblingreform_ctte/interactive_online_gambling_advertising/submissions.htm McMullan, J.L. (2011). Submission to the Joint Select Committee on Gambling Reform Inquiry into Interactive Gambling. Retrieved 3 September 2013 from: http://​www.​aph.​gov.​au/​senate/​committee/​gamblingreform_​ctte/​interactive_​online_​gambling_​advertising/​submissions.​htm
Zurück zum Zitat Mehta, A. (2000). Advertising attitudes and advertising effectiveness. Journal of Advertising Research, 40(3), 67–71. Mehta, A. (2000). Advertising attitudes and advertising effectiveness. Journal of Advertising Research, 40(3), 67–71.
Zurück zum Zitat Milner, L., Hing, N., Vitartas, P., & Lamont, M. (2013). An exploratory study of embedded gambling promotion in Australian football television broadcasts. Communication, Politics and Culture, 46, 177–198. Milner, L., Hing, N., Vitartas, P., & Lamont, M. (2013). An exploratory study of embedded gambling promotion in Australian football television broadcasts. Communication, Politics and Culture, 46, 177–198.
Zurück zum Zitat Mitchell, A. A., & Olson, J. C. (1981). Are product attribute beliefs the only mediator of advertising effects on brand attitude? Journal of Marketing Research, 18(3), 318–332.CrossRef Mitchell, A. A., & Olson, J. C. (1981). Are product attribute beliefs the only mediator of advertising effects on brand attitude? Journal of Marketing Research, 18(3), 318–332.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Monaghan, S., Derevensky, J., & Sklar, A. (2008). Impact of gambling advertisements and marketing on children and adolescents: policy recommendations to minimise harm. Journal of Gambling Issues, 22, 252–274.CrossRef Monaghan, S., Derevensky, J., & Sklar, A. (2008). Impact of gambling advertisements and marketing on children and adolescents: policy recommendations to minimise harm. Journal of Gambling Issues, 22, 252–274.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Moore, S. M., & Ohtsuka, K. (1997). Gambling activities of young Australians: developing a model of behavior. Journal of Gambling Studies, 13, 207–236.PubMedCrossRef Moore, S. M., & Ohtsuka, K. (1997). Gambling activities of young Australians: developing a model of behavior. Journal of Gambling Studies, 13, 207–236.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Moore, S. M., & Ohtsuka, K. (1999). The prediction of gambling behaviour and problem gambling from attitudes and perceived norms. Social Behavior and Personality, 27, 455–466.CrossRef Moore, S. M., & Ohtsuka, K. (1999). The prediction of gambling behaviour and problem gambling from attitudes and perceived norms. Social Behavior and Personality, 27, 455–466.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Muehling, D. D. (1987). Comparative advertising: the influence of attitude-toward-the-ad on brand evaluation. Journal of Advertising, 16(4), 43–49.CrossRef Muehling, D. D. (1987). Comparative advertising: the influence of attitude-toward-the-ad on brand evaluation. Journal of Advertising, 16(4), 43–49.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Neighbors, C., Lostutter, T., Whiteside, U., Fossos, N., Walker, D., & Larimer, M. (2007). Injunctive norms and problem gambling among college students. Journal of Gambling Studies, 23(3), 259–273.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Neighbors, C., Lostutter, T., Whiteside, U., Fossos, N., Walker, D., & Larimer, M. (2007). Injunctive norms and problem gambling among college students. Journal of Gambling Studies, 23(3), 259–273.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Norman, P., Conner, M., & Bell, R. (1999). The theory of planned behaviour and smoking cessation. Health Psychology, 18(1), 89–94.PubMedCrossRef Norman, P., Conner, M., & Bell, R. (1999). The theory of planned behaviour and smoking cessation. Health Psychology, 18(1), 89–94.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Oh, H., & Hsu, C. (2001). Volitional degrees of gambling behaviors. Annals of Tourism Research, 28(3), 618–637.CrossRef Oh, H., & Hsu, C. (2001). Volitional degrees of gambling behaviors. Annals of Tourism Research, 28(3), 618–637.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat O’Keeffe, G. S., & Clarke-Pearson, K. (2011). The impact of social media on children, adolescents, and families. Pediatrics, 127(4), 800–804.PubMedCrossRef O’Keeffe, G. S., & Clarke-Pearson, K. (2011). The impact of social media on children, adolescents, and families. Pediatrics, 127(4), 800–804.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1986). Communication and persuasion: Central and peripheral routes to attitude change. New York, NY: Springer.CrossRef Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1986). Communication and persuasion: Central and peripheral routes to attitude change. New York, NY: Springer.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Petty, R. E., Cacioppo, J. T., & Schumann, D. (1983). Central and peripheral routes to advertising effectiveness: the moderating role of involvement. Journal of Consumer Research, 10, 135–146.CrossRef Petty, R. E., Cacioppo, J. T., & Schumann, D. (1983). Central and peripheral routes to advertising effectiveness: the moderating role of involvement. Journal of Consumer Research, 10, 135–146.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Phillips, W. (2009). Senior casino motivation and gaming intention: an extended theory of planned behavior model. PhD thesis. Department of Hospitality Management and Dietetics, Kansas State University. Phillips, W. (2009). Senior casino motivation and gaming intention: an extended theory of planned behavior model. PhD thesis. Department of Hospitality Management and Dietetics, Kansas State University.
Zurück zum Zitat Productivity Commission (1999). Australia’s gambling industries. Report No. 10. Canberra: AusInfo. Productivity Commission (1999). Australia’s gambling industries. Report No. 10. Canberra: AusInfo.
Zurück zum Zitat Productivity Commission (2010). Gambling. Report no. 50. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia. Productivity Commission (2010). Gambling. Report no. 50. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia.
Zurück zum Zitat Queensland Government. (2012). Queensland household gambling survey 2011–2012. Brisbane: Queensland Government. Queensland Government. (2012). Queensland household gambling survey 2011–2012. Brisbane: Queensland Government.
Zurück zum Zitat Reith, G. (2007). Situating gambling studies. In G. Smith, D. C. Hodgins, & R. J. Williams (Eds.), Research and measurement issues in gambling studies (pp. 3–29). Burlington, MA: Elsevier. Reith, G. (2007). Situating gambling studies. In G. Smith, D. C. Hodgins, & R. J. Williams (Eds.), Research and measurement issues in gambling studies (pp. 3–29). Burlington, MA: Elsevier.
Zurück zum Zitat Rockloff, M. (2012). Validation of the consumption screen for problem gambling (CSPG). Journal of Gambling Studies, 28, 207–216.PubMedCrossRef Rockloff, M. (2012). Validation of the consumption screen for problem gambling (CSPG). Journal of Gambling Studies, 28, 207–216.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Schottler Consulting (2012). The marketing, advertising and sponsorship of gambling products and services within New Zealand. Auckland: New Zealand Ministry of Health. Schottler Consulting (2012). The marketing, advertising and sponsorship of gambling products and services within New Zealand. Auckland: New Zealand Ministry of Health.
Zurück zum Zitat Shaffer, H., & Korn, D. (2002). Gambling and related mental disorders: a public health analysis. Annual Review of Public Health, 23, 171–212.PubMedCrossRef Shaffer, H., & Korn, D. (2002). Gambling and related mental disorders: a public health analysis. Annual Review of Public Health, 23, 171–212.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sheeran, P., & Orbell, S. (1999). Augmenting the theory of planned behavior: roles for anticipated regret and descriptive norms. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29, 2107–2142.CrossRef Sheeran, P., & Orbell, S. (1999). Augmenting the theory of planned behavior: roles for anticipated regret and descriptive norms. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29, 2107–2142.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Shih, T.-H., & Fan, X. (2008). Comparing response rates from web and mail surveys: a metaanalysis. Field Methods, 20, 249–271.CrossRef Shih, T.-H., & Fan, X. (2008). Comparing response rates from web and mail surveys: a metaanalysis. Field Methods, 20, 249–271.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Shimp, T. A. (1981). Attitude toward the ad as a mediator of consumer brand choice. Journal of Advertising, 10(2), 9–48.CrossRef Shimp, T. A. (1981). Attitude toward the ad as a mediator of consumer brand choice. Journal of Advertising, 10(2), 9–48.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Song, H. (2010). Understanding casino visitors’ decision-making processes within the perspective of responsible gambling: an application of the model of goal-directed behavior. PhD thesis. Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management, Clemson University. Song, H. (2010). Understanding casino visitors’ decision-making processes within the perspective of responsible gambling: an application of the model of goal-directed behavior. PhD thesis. Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management, Clemson University.
Zurück zum Zitat Speed, R., & Thompson, P. (2000). Determinants of sports sponsorship response. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 28(2), 226–238.CrossRef Speed, R., & Thompson, P. (2000). Determinants of sports sponsorship response. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 28(2), 226–238.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Stead, M., Tagg, S., MacKintosh, A., & Eadie, D. (2005). Development and evaluation of a mass media theory of planned behaviour intervention to reduce speeding. Health Education Research, 20(1), 36–50.PubMedCrossRef Stead, M., Tagg, S., MacKintosh, A., & Eadie, D. (2005). Development and evaluation of a mass media theory of planned behaviour intervention to reduce speeding. Health Education Research, 20(1), 36–50.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Thomas, S., Lewis, S., Duong, J. C., & McLeod, C. (2012a). Sports betting marketing during sporting events. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 36(2), 145–152.PubMedCrossRef Thomas, S., Lewis, S., Duong, J. C., & McLeod, C. (2012a). Sports betting marketing during sporting events. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 36(2), 145–152.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Thomas, S. L., Lewis, S., McLeod, C., & Haycock, J. (2012b). ‘They are working every angle’. A qualitative study of Australian adults’ attitudes towards, and interactions with, gambling industry marketing strategies. International Gambling Studies, 12(1), 111–127.CrossRef Thomas, S. L., Lewis, S., McLeod, C., & Haycock, J. (2012b). ‘They are working every angle’. A qualitative study of Australian adults’ attitudes towards, and interactions with, gambling industry marketing strategies. International Gambling Studies, 12(1), 111–127.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Thrasher, R., Andrew, D., & Mahony, D. (2007). The efficacy of the theory of reasoned action to explain gambling behavior in college students. College Student Affairs Journal, 27(1), 57–75. Thrasher, R., Andrew, D., & Mahony, D. (2007). The efficacy of the theory of reasoned action to explain gambling behavior in college students. College Student Affairs Journal, 27(1), 57–75.
Zurück zum Zitat Walker, G. J., Deng, J., & Dieser, R. (2005). Culture, self-construal, and leisure research and practice. Journal of Leisure Research, 37, 77–99. Walker, G. J., Deng, J., & Dieser, R. (2005). Culture, self-construal, and leisure research and practice. Journal of Leisure Research, 37, 77–99.
Zurück zum Zitat Walker, G. J., Courneya, K., & Deng, J. (2006). Ethnicity, gender and the theory of planned behaviour: the case of playing the lottery. Journal of Leisure Research, 38(2), 224–248. Walker, G. J., Courneya, K., & Deng, J. (2006). Ethnicity, gender and the theory of planned behaviour: the case of playing the lottery. Journal of Leisure Research, 38(2), 224–248.
Zurück zum Zitat Walliser, B. (2003). An international review of sponsorship research: extension and update. International Journal of Advertising, 22, 5–40. Walliser, B. (2003). An international review of sponsorship research: extension and update. International Journal of Advertising, 22, 5–40.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang, X., Yu, C., & Wei, Y. (2012). Social media peer communication and impacts on purchase intentions: a consumer socialization framework. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 26(4), 198–208.CrossRef Wang, X., Yu, C., & Wei, Y. (2012). Social media peer communication and impacts on purchase intentions: a consumer socialization framework. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 26(4), 198–208.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Williams, R. J., Volberg, R. A., & Stevens, R. (2012a). The population prevalence of problem gambling: Methodological influences, standardized, rates, jurisdictional differences, and worldwide trends. Guelph, ON: Ontario Problem Gambling Research Centre and the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care. Williams, R. J., Volberg, R. A., & Stevens, R. (2012a). The population prevalence of problem gambling: Methodological influences, standardized, rates, jurisdictional differences, and worldwide trends. Guelph, ON: Ontario Problem Gambling Research Centre and the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care.
Zurück zum Zitat Williams, R. J., West, B. L., & Simpson, R. I. (2012b). Prevention of problem gambling: A comprehensive review of the evidence and identified best practices. Guelph, ON: Ontario Problem Gambling Research Centre. Williams, R. J., West, B. L., & Simpson, R. I. (2012b). Prevention of problem gambling: A comprehensive review of the evidence and identified best practices. Guelph, ON: Ontario Problem Gambling Research Centre.
Zurück zum Zitat Wood, R. T., & Griffiths, M. D. (1998). The acquisition, development and maintenance of lottery and scratchcard gambling in adolescence. Journal of Adolescence, 21, 265–273.PubMedCrossRef Wood, R. T., & Griffiths, M. D. (1998). The acquisition, development and maintenance of lottery and scratchcard gambling in adolescence. Journal of Adolescence, 21, 265–273.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Wood, R. T., & Griffiths, M. D. (2004). Adolescent lottery and scratchcard players: do their attitudes influence their gambling behaviour? Journal of Adolescence, 27(4), 467–475.PubMedCrossRef Wood, R. T., & Griffiths, M. D. (2004). Adolescent lottery and scratchcard players: do their attitudes influence their gambling behaviour? Journal of Adolescence, 27(4), 467–475.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Wood, R., & Williams, R. J. (2009). Internet gambling: Prevalence, patterns, problems and policy options. Guelph, ON: Ontario Problem Gambling Research Centre and Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care. Wood, R., & Williams, R. J. (2009). Internet gambling: Prevalence, patterns, problems and policy options. Guelph, ON: Ontario Problem Gambling Research Centre and Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care.
Zurück zum Zitat Zajonc, R. B. (1968). Attitudinal effects of mere exposure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 9(2), 1–27.CrossRef Zajonc, R. B. (1968). Attitudinal effects of mere exposure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 9(2), 1–27.CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Sports-Embedded Gambling Promotions: A Study of Exposure, Sports Betting Intention and Problem Gambling Amongst Adults
verfasst von
Nerilee Hing
Matthew Lamont
Peter Vitartas
Elian Fink
Publikationsdatum
01.02.2015
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction / Ausgabe 1/2015
Print ISSN: 1557-1874
Elektronische ISSN: 1557-1882
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-014-9519-9

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2015

International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 1/2015 Zur Ausgabe

Chirurginnen und Chirurgen sind stark suizidgefährdet

07.05.2024 Suizid Nachrichten

Der belastende Arbeitsalltag wirkt sich negativ auf die psychische Gesundheit der Angehörigen ärztlicher Berufsgruppen aus. Chirurginnen und Chirurgen bilden da keine Ausnahme, im Gegenteil.

Ein Drittel der jungen Ärztinnen und Ärzte erwägt abzuwandern

07.05.2024 Medizinstudium Nachrichten

Extreme Arbeitsverdichtung und kaum Supervision: Dr. Andrea Martini, Sprecherin des Bündnisses Junge Ärztinnen und Ärzte (BJÄ) über den Frust des ärztlichen Nachwuchses und die Vorteile des Rucksack-Modells.

Endlich: Zi zeigt, mit welchen PVS Praxen zufrieden sind

IT für Ärzte Nachrichten

Darauf haben viele Praxen gewartet: Das Zi hat eine Liste von Praxisverwaltungssystemen veröffentlicht, die von Nutzern positiv bewertet werden. Eine gute Grundlage für wechselwillige Ärzte und Psychotherapeuten.

Demenzkranke durch Antipsychotika vielfach gefährdet

23.04.2024 Demenz Nachrichten

Wenn Demenzkranke aufgrund von Symptomen wie Agitation oder Aggressivität mit Antipsychotika behandelt werden, sind damit offenbar noch mehr Risiken verbunden als bislang angenommen.

Update Psychiatrie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.