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Current HIV/AIDS Reports

Erschienen in:

27.10.2017 | Complications of Antiretroviral Therapy (G McComsey, Section Editor)

Sex Differences in Select Non-communicable HIV-Associated Comorbidities: Exploring the Role of Systemic Immune Activation/Inflammation

verfasst von: Avanthi Raghavan, Dodie E. Rimmelin, Kathleen V. Fitch, Markella V. Zanni

Erschienen in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports | Ausgabe 6/2017

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Abstract

Purpose of the Review

The goals of this review are to (1) explore HIV-associated cardiovascular disease (CVD), neurocognitive impairment, and non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADC) as heterogeneous model disease states fuelled in part by systemic immune activation/inflammation; (2) consider sex differences in the epidemiology of these diseases in both high-resource and lower-resource settings; and (3) examine biological and environmental factors which may contribute to heightened systemic immune activation/inflammation specifically among women living with HIV (WLHIV).

Recent Findings

The observation that WLHIV have higher levels of systemic immune activation/inflammation than men living with HIV (MLHIV) may be relevant to sex differences in select non-communicable HIV-associated comorbidities. Heightened systemic immune activation among WLHIV may be influenced by sex-specific responses to the virus and to immunomodulatory agents, as well as by behavioral choices/comorbid conditions and perturbations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.

Summary

Additional research is needed to elucidate region-specific drivers of heightened systemic immune activation/inflammation among WLHIV and to determine whether WLHIV who present with one immune-mediated HIV-associated comorbidity (e.g., cognitive impairment) may be at increased risk for another (e.g., CVD, NADC). This kind of research would facilitate improved risk prediction for non-communicable HIV-associated comorbidities among WLHIV and the development of targeted immunomodulatory prevention strategies.

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Titel: Sex Differences in Select Non-communicable HIV-Associated Comorbidities: Exploring the Role of Systemic Immune Activation/Inflammation
verfasst von: Avanthi Raghavan
Dodie E. Rimmelin
Kathleen V. Fitch
Markella V. Zanni
Publikationsdatum: 27.10.2017
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports / Ausgabe 6/2017
Print ISSN: 1548-3568
Elektronische ISSN: 1548-3576
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-017-0366-8

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Semaglutid bei Herzinsuffizienz: Wie erklärt sich die Wirksamkeit?

17.05.2024 Herzinsuffizienz Nachrichten

Bei adipösen Patienten mit Herzinsuffizienz des HFpEF-Phänotyps ist Semaglutid von symptomatischem Nutzen. Resultiert dieser Benefit allein aus der Gewichtsreduktion oder auch aus spezifischen Effekten auf die Herzinsuffizienz-Pathogenese? Eine neue Analyse gibt Aufschluss.

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