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Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology

Erschienen in:

19.01.2018

Cutaneous Granulomatosis: a Comprehensive Review

verfasst von: Benedetta Terziroli Beretta-Piccoli, Carlo Mainetti, Marie-Astrid Peeters, Emmanuel Laffitte

Erschienen in: Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology | Ausgabe 1/2018

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Abstract

Cutaneous granulomatosis is a heterogeneous group of diseases, characterized by a skin inflammatory reaction triggered by a wide variety of stimuli, including infections, foreign bodies, malignancy, metabolites, and chemicals. From a pathogenic point of view, they are divided into non-infectious and infectious granulomas. Pathophysiological mechanisms are still poorly understood. Non-infectious granulomatous skin diseases include granuloma annulare, necrobiosis lipoidica, rheumatic nodules, foreign body granulomas, cutaneous sarcoidosis, and interstitial granulomatous dermatitis. Necrobiosis lipoidica is more frequent in diabetic patients. Infectious granulomas of the skin are caused by mycobacteria, in particular Mycobacterium tuberculosis or atypical mycobacteria; parasites, such as Leishmania; or fungi. Pathogenic mechanisms of M. tuberculosis-related granuloma are discussed. From a clinical point of view, it is useful to divide cutaneous granulomatosis into localized and more disseminated forms, although this distinction can be sometimes artificial. Three types of localized granulomatous lesions can be distinguished: palisaded granulomas (granuloma annulare, necrobiosis lipoidica, and rheumatoid nodules), foreign body granulomas, and infectious granulomas, which are generally associated with localized infections. Disseminated cutaneous granulomas can be divided into infectious, in particular tuberculosis, and non-infectious forms, among which sarcoidosis and interstitial granulomatous dermatitis. From a histological point of view, the common denominator is the presence of a granulomatous inflammatory infiltrate in the dermis and/or hypodermis; this infiltrate is mainly composed of macrophages grouped into nodules having a nodular, palisaded or interstitial architecture. Finally, we propose which diagnostic procedure should be performed when facing a patient with a suspected cutaneous granulomatosis.

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Titel: Cutaneous Granulomatosis: a Comprehensive Review
verfasst von: Benedetta Terziroli Beretta-Piccoli
Carlo Mainetti
Marie-Astrid Peeters
Emmanuel Laffitte
Publikationsdatum: 19.01.2018
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology / Ausgabe 1/2018
Print ISSN: 1080-0549
Elektronische ISSN: 1559-0267
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-017-8666-8

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Springer Medizin

Cutaneous Granulomatosis: a Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Neu im Fachgebiet HNO

Bei schweren Reaktionen auf Insektenstiche empfiehlt sich eine spezifische Immuntherapie

HNO-Op. auch mit über 90?

Intrakapsuläre Tonsillektomie gewinnt an Boden

Bilateraler Hörsturz hat eine schlechte Prognose

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Springer Medizin

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