Skip to main content
Hauptrubriken
CME Facharzt-Training Webinare Zeitschriften Bücher e.Medpedia Podcast
Service
Jobbörse Info & Hilfe
Fachgebiete
Anästhesiologie Allgemeinmedizin Arbeitsmedizin Augenheilkunde Chirurgie Dermatologie Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe HNO Innere Medizin Kardiologie Neurologie Onkologie und Hämatologie Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie Pädiatrie Pathologie Psychiatrie Radiologie Rechtsmedizin Urologie Zahnmedizin
Themen
Klimawandel und Gesundheit Neues aus dem Markt COVID-19 Praxis und Beruf Seltene Erkrankungen GOÄ & EBM Panorama
Sammlungen
Kasuistiken Algorithmen & Infografiken Blickdiagnosen Arthropedia FlapFinder (für Dermatochirurgen) Videos Kongressberichterstattung Medizin für Apothekerinnen und Apotheker Für Ärztinnen und Ärzte in Weiterbildung Für Medizinstudierende
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben
Immunologic Research
Erschienen in: Immunologic Research 2-3/2011

01.08.2011 | UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH IMMUNOLOGY 2011

Pneumocystis infection and the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

verfasst von: Karen A. Norris, Alison Morris

Erschienen in: Immunologic Research | Ausgabe 2-3/2011

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

With increases in the immunocompromised patient population and aging of the HIV+ population, the risk of serious fungal infections and their complications will continue to rise. In these populations, infection with the fungal opportunistic pathogen Pneumocystis jirovecii remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Infection with Pneumocystis (Pc) has been shown to be associated with the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in human subjects with and without HIV infection and in non-human primate models of HIV infection. In human studies and in a primate model of HIV/Pc co-infection, we have shown that antibody response to the Pc protein, kexin (KEX1), correlates with protection from colonization, Pc pneumonia, and COPD. These findings support the hypothesis that immunity to KEX1 may be critical to controlling Pc colonization and preventing or slowing development of COPD.
Literatur
1.
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. NHLBI/WHO workshop report. Bethesda, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, April 2001; Update of the management sections. GOLD website (www.​goldcopd.​com).
2.
Snider GL. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a definition and implications of structural determinants of airflow obstruction for epidemiology. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989;140(3 Pt 2):S3–8.PubMed
3.
Barnes PJ. Mediators of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pharmacol Rev. 2004;56(4):515–48.PubMedCrossRef
4.
Shapiro SD. Proteinases in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Biochem Soc Trans. 2002;30(2):98–102.PubMedCrossRef
5.
Curtis JL, Freeman CM, Hogg JC. The immunopathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: insights from recent research. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2007;4(7):512–21.PubMedCrossRef
6.
Churg A, et al. Macrophage metalloelastase mediates acute cigarette smoke-induced inflammation via tumor necrosis factor-alpha release. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003;167(8):1083–9.PubMedCrossRef
7.
Shapiro SD. The macrophage in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;160(5 Pt 2):S29–32.PubMed
8.
Taylor AE, et al. Defective macrophage phagocytosis of bacteria in COPD. Eur Respir J. 2010;35(5):1039–47.PubMedCrossRef
9.
Keatings VM, Barnes PJ. Granulocyte activation markers in induced sputum: comparison between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and normal subjects. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997;155(2):449–53.PubMed
10.
Lacoste JY, et al. Eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation in asthma, chronic bronchitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1993;92(4):537–48.PubMedCrossRef
11.
O’Shaughnessy TC, et al. Inflammation in bronchial biopsies of subjects with chronic bronchitis: inverse relationship of CD8+ T lymphocytes with FEV1. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997;155(3):852–7.PubMed
12.
Hogg JC, et al. The nature of small-airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(26):2645–53.PubMedCrossRef
13.
Hogg JC. Role of latent viral infections in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;164(10 Pt 2):S71–5.PubMed
14.
Hogg JC. Pathophysiology of airflow limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Lancet. 2004;364(9435):709–21.PubMedCrossRef
15.
Morris A, Sciurba FC, Norris KA. Pneumocystis: a novel pathogen in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? Copd. 2008;5(1):43–51.PubMedCrossRef
16.
Sethi S. Infectious etiology of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Chest. 2000;117(5 Suppl 2):380S–5S.PubMedCrossRef
17.
Sethi S. Bacterial infection and the pathogenesis of COPD. Chest. 2000;117(5 Suppl 1):286S–91S.PubMedCrossRef
18.
Sethi S, Murphy TF. Infection in the pathogenesis and course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(22):2355–65.PubMedCrossRef
19.
Diaz PT, Clanton TL, Pacht ER. Emphysema-like pulmonary disease associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Ann Intern Med. 1992;116(2):124–8.PubMed
20.
Diaz O, et al. Role of inspiratory capacity on exercise tolerance in COPD patients with and without tidal expiratory flow limitation at rest. Eur Respir J. 2000;16(2):269–75.PubMedCrossRef
21.
Kuhlman JE, et al. Premature bullous pulmonary damage in AIDS: CT diagnosis. Radiology. 1989;173(1):23–6.PubMed
22.
Diaz PT, et al. HIV infection increases susceptibility to smoking-induced emphysema. Chest. 2000;117(5 Suppl 1):285S.PubMedCrossRef
23.
Gelman M, et al. Focal air trapping in patients with HIV infection: CT evaluation and correlation with pulmonary function test results. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1999;172(4):1033–8.PubMed
24.
Diaz PT, et al. Respiratory symptoms among HIV-seropositive individuals. Chest. 2003;123(6):1977–82.PubMedCrossRef
25.
O’Donnell CR, et al. Abnormal airway function in individuals with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Chest. 1988;94(5):945–8.PubMedCrossRef
26.
Crothers K, et al. Increased COPD among HIV-positive compared to HIV-negative veterans. Chest. 2006;130(5):1326–33.PubMedCrossRef
27.
George MP, et al. Respiratory symptoms and airway obstruction in HIV-infected subjects in the HAART era. PLoS One. 2009;4(7):e6328.PubMedCrossRef
28.
Gingo MR, et al. Pulmonary function abnormalities in HIV-infected patients during the current antiretroviral therapy era. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010.
29.
Fernandes EF, et al. Colonization with Pneumocystis in a simian model of AIDS results in chronic inflammation and airflow obstruction. Am J Resp Crit Care Med. 2005;2:A867.
30.
Morris A, et al. Relationship of Pneumocystis antibody response to severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;47(7):e64–8.PubMedCrossRef
31.
Morris A, et al. Airway obstruction is increased in Pneumocystis-colonized human immunodeficiency virus-infected outpatients. J Clin Microbiol. 2009;47(11):3773–6.PubMedCrossRef
32.
Morris A, et al. Association of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severity and Pneumocystis colonization. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004;170(4):408–13.PubMedCrossRef
33.
Morris AM, et al. Permanent declines in pulmonary function following pneumonia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons. The pulmonary complications of HIV infection study group. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;162(2 Pt 1):612–6.PubMed
34.
Norris KA, et al. Pneumocystis colonization, airway inflammation, and pulmonary function decline in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Immunol Res. 2006;36(1–3):175–87.PubMedCrossRef
35.
Shipley TW, et al. Persistent Pneumocystis colonization leads to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a nonhuman primate model of AIDS. J Infect Dis. 2010;202(2):302–12.PubMedCrossRef
36.
Sing A, et al. Pneumocystis carinii carriage in immunocompetent patients with primary pulmonary disorders as detected by single or nested PCR. J Clin Microbiol. 1999;37(10):3409–10.PubMed
37.
Probst M, et al. Detection of Pneumocystis carinii DNA in patients with chronic lung diseases. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2000;19(8):644–5.PubMedCrossRef
38.
Helweg-Larsen J, et al. Detection of Pneumocystis DNA in samples from patients suspected of bacterial pneumonia–a case-control study. BMC Infect Dis. 2002;2(1):28.PubMedCrossRef
39.
Calderon E, et al. Pneumocystis jiroveci isolates with dihydropteroate synthase mutations in patients with chronic bronchitis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2004;23(7):545–9.PubMedCrossRef
40.
Morris A, et al. Epidemiology and clinical significance of Pneumocystis colonization. J Infect Dis. 2008;197(1):10–7.PubMedCrossRef
41.
Morris A, et al. Prevalence and clinical predictors of Pneumocystis colonization among HIV-infected men. AIDS. 2004;18(5):793–8.PubMedCrossRef
42.
Board KF, et al. Experimental Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus macaques. J Infect Dis. 2003;187(4):576–88.PubMedCrossRef
43.
Patil SP, et al. Immune responses to Pneumocystis colonization and infection in a simian model of AIDS. J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2003; 50 Suppl: 661–2.
44.
Kling HM, et al. Pneumocystis colonization in immunocompetent and simian immunodeficiency virus-infected cynomolgus macaques. J Infect Dis. 2009;199(1):89–96.PubMedCrossRef
45.
Kling HM, et al. Relationship of Pneumocystis jiroveci humoral immunity to prevention of colonization and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a primate model of HIV infection. Infect Immun. 2010;78(10):4320–30.PubMedCrossRef
46.
Croix DA, et al. Alterations in T lymphocyte profiles of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from SIV- and Pneumocystis carinii-coinfected rhesus macaques. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2002;18(5):391–401.PubMedCrossRef
47.
48.
George MP, et al. Pulmonary vascular lesions are common in SIV- and SHIV-env-infected macaques. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2010.
49.
Guillot J, et al. Phylogenetic relationships among Pneumocystis from Asian macaques inferred from mitochondrial rRNA sequences. Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2004;31(3):988–96.PubMedCrossRef
50.
Kling H, Shipley T, Norris K. Abnormalities in peripheral blood B lymphocyte populations in SHIV89.6P-infected macaques. Comp Med. 2011 (In press).
51.
Kuhrt D, et al. Evidence of early B-cell dysregulation in simian immunodeficiency virus infection: rapid depletion of naive and memory B-cell subsets with delayed reconstitution of the naive B-cell population. J Virol. 2010;84(5):2466–76.PubMedCrossRef
52.
Morris A. Is there anything new in Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia? Changes in P. jirovecii pneumonia over the course of the AIDS epidemic. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;46(4):634–6.PubMedCrossRef
53.
Morris A, et al. Current epidemiology of Pneumocystis pneumonia. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004;10(10):1713–20.PubMed
54.
Empey KM, et al. Passive immunization of neonatal mice against Pneumocystis carinii f. sp. muris enhances control of infection without stimulating inflammation. Infect Immun. 2004;72(11):6211–20.PubMedCrossRef
55.
Lund FE, et al. B cells are required for generation of protective effector and memory CD4 cells in response to Pneumocystis lung infection. J Immunol. 2006;176(10):6147–54.PubMed
56.
Lund FE, et al. Clearance of Pneumocystis carinii in mice is dependent on B cells but not on P carinii-specific antibody. J Immunol. 2003;171(3):1423–30.PubMed
57.
Demanche C, et al. Molecular and serological evidence of Pneumocystis circulation in a social organization of healthy macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Microbiology. 2005;151(Pt 9):3117–25.PubMedCrossRef
58.
Zheng M, et al. CD4+ T cell-independent DNA vaccination against opportunistic infections. J Clin Invest. 2005;115(12):3536–44.PubMedCrossRef
59.
Wells J, et al. Active immunization against Pneumocystis carinii with a recombinant P. carinii antigen. Infect Immun. 2006;74(4):2446–8.PubMedCrossRef
60.
Gingo MR, et al. Serologic responses to Pneumocystis proteins in human immunodeficiency virus patients with and without Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2011.
Metadaten
Titel
Pneumocystis infection and the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
verfasst von
Karen A. Norris
Alison Morris
Publikationsdatum
01.08.2011
Verlag
Humana Press Inc
Erschienen in
Immunologic Research / Ausgabe 2-3/2011
Print ISSN: 0257-277X
Elektronische ISSN: 1559-0755
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12026-011-8218-x

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2-3/2011

Immunologic Research 2-3/2011 Zur Ausgabe

UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH IMMUNOLOGY 2011

A multivalent vaccine for type 1 diabetes skews T cell subsets to Th2 phenotype in NOD mice

UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH IMMUNOLOGY 2011

Importance of MUC1 and spontaneous mouse tumor models for understanding the immunobiology of human adenocarcinomas

UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH IMMUNOLOGY 2011

Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity during in vitro dendritic cell generation determines suppressive or stimulatory capacity

University of Pittsburgh Immunology 2011

Macrophage responses to bacterial toxins: a balance between activation and suppression

UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH IMMUNOLOGY 2011

Lung myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulation of inflammation

UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH IMMUNOLOGY 2011

T-cell-mediated tumor immune surveillance and expression of B7 co-inhibitory molecules in cancers of the upper gastrointestinal tract

Neu im Fachgebiet HNO

Akuter Schwindel: Wann lohnt sich eine MRT?

28.04.2024 Schwindel Nachrichten

Akuter Schwindel stellt oft eine diagnostische Herausforderung dar. Wie nützlich dabei eine MRT ist, hat eine Studie aus Finnland untersucht. Immerhin einer von sechs Patienten wurde mit akutem ischämischem Schlaganfall diagnostiziert.

Bei schweren Reaktionen auf Insektenstiche empfiehlt sich eine spezifische Immuntherapie

25.04.2024 Allergien und Intoleranzreaktionen Nachrichten

Insektenstiche sind bei Erwachsenen die häufigsten Auslöser einer Anaphylaxie. Einen wirksamen Schutz vor schweren anaphylaktischen Reaktionen bietet die allergenspezifische Immuntherapie. Jedoch kommt sie noch viel zu selten zum Einsatz.

HNO-Op. auch mit über 90?

16.04.2024 HNO-Chirurgie Nachrichten

Mit Blick auf das Risiko für Komplikationen nach elektiven Eingriffen im HNO-Bereich scheint das Alter der Patienten kein ausschlaggebender Faktor zu sein. Entscheidend ist offenbar, wie fit die Betroffenen tatsächlich sind.

Intrakapsuläre Tonsillektomie gewinnt an Boden

16.04.2024 Tonsillektomie Nachrichten

Gegenüber der vollständigen Entfernung der Gaumenmandeln hat die intrakapsuläre Tonsillektomie einige Vorteile, wie HNO-Fachleute aus den USA hervorheben. Sie haben die aktuelle Literatur zu dem Verfahren gesichtet.

Update HNO

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert – ganz bequem per eMail.

Newsletter bestellen
Bildnachweise