01.10.2015 | Debate Article
Ischaemic vs non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy: The value of nuclear cardiology techniques
Erschienen in: Journal of Nuclear Cardiology | Ausgabe 5/2015
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The left ventricular (LV) dysfunction exhibited by the patient is of equivocal origin. Nuclear imaging provides a very well-validated, versatile series of tests for proper diagnosis of disease pathophysiology, with the added, equally well established benefit of incremental information on patient prognosis and guidance towards optimal therapy (Table 1). In this case, the patient should first undergo a perfusion test, to identify or rule out an ischemic origin of LV dysfunction, and to distinguish between ischemia and myocardial infarction. If a fixed perfusion defect is present, a subsequent viability study using metabolic tracers can assist in selecting the appropriate treatment course. In addition, independent of ischemic or nonischemic origin, complementary assessment of absolute myocardial blood flow can identify severity of global microcirculatory dysfunction as a prognostic marker, and imaging of myocardial sympathetic innervation may be employed to determine individual risk of arrhythmia or heart failure progression.
Target mechanism
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Method
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Clinical goal
|
---|---|---|
LV function, geometry, dyssynchrony
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ECG-gated SPECT & PET (any tracer)
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Define HF severity, determine prognosis (guide therapy)
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Perfusion (relative)
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SPECT (201Tl, 99mTc-sestamibi, 99mTc-tetrofosmin)
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Identify ischemia, determine need for revascularization
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PET (13NH3, 82Rb, 18F-Flurpiridaz)
|
||
Absolute flow (flow reserve)
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PET (15H2O,13NH3, 82Rb, 18F-Flurpiridaz)
|
Identify global disease burden; guide/monitor therapy
|
(SPECT—work in progress)
|
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Viability
|
PET (18F-FDG)
|
Determine revascularization benefit
|
SPECT (201Tl, 99mTc-agents)
|
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Sympathetic innervation
|
SPECT (123MIBG)
|
Risk assessment, guide anti-arrhythmic therapy
|
PET (various tracers)
|
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Inflammation
|
PET (18F-FDG, with preparation)
|
Determine cardiac (sarcoid) involvement (noninvasive biopsy), guide therapy
|
SPECT (111In-/99mTc-WBCs)
|
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Amyloid deposit
|
PET (11C-PIB, 18F-amyloid markers)
|
Determine cardiac involvement (noninvasive biopsy), guide therapy
|
SPECT (99mTc-MDP)
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