Introduction
Methods
Patient population
Catheter ablation protocol
Impedance parameters analysis
Post-procedural management and follow-up
Statistical analysis
Results
Patient characteristics
Procedural characteristics and follow-up
Success group n = 83 | Recurrence group N = 18 | P value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 61.4 ± 8.5 | 63.2 ± 8.5 | 0.40 |
Male (%) | 52 (62.7) | 7 (38.9) | 0.06 |
PAF Duration, years | 2.9 ± 2.5 | 4.7 ± 4.7 | 0.13 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 25.1 ± 2.6 | 24.8 ± 3.0 | 0.70 |
CHA2DS2-VASc score | 1.2 ± 0.9 | 1.8 ± 1.3 | 0.07 |
LVEF (%) | 58.0 ± 2.5 | 57.8 ± 2.0 | 0.76 |
Left atrial diameter, mm | 38.0 ± 4.7 | 38.9 ± 4.4 | 0.45 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 18 (21.7%) | 4 (22.2%) | 0.96 |
Coronary disease, n (%) | 6 (7.2%) | 3 (16.7%) | 0.414 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 6 (7.2%) | 3 (16.7%) | 0.20 |
AI | 421.4 ± 7.6 | 417.6 ± 6.7 | 0.06 |
Baseline impedance (Ω) | 122.9 ± 9.4 | 130.6 ± 8.9 | < 0.01 |
Impedance drop (Ω) | 10.8 ± 1.4 | 10.5 ± 1.3 | 0.41 |
Ratio of impedance drop (%) | 8.8 ± 1.4 | 8.1 ± 1.2 | 0.03 |
First-pass PVI, n (%) | 151 (91.0) | 28 (77.8) | 0.03 |
Number of ablation points | 74.1 ± 7.7 | 76.4 ± 6.7 | 0.24 |
Factor | Hazard ratio (95%CI) | P value |
---|---|---|
Age (years)* | 1.01 (0.95–1.09) | 0.66 |
LAD (mm)* | 1.02 (0.92–1.14) | 0.71 |
BMI (kg/m2)* | 0.92 (0.77–1.11) | 0.40 |
LVEF (%)* | 0.95 (0.75–1.19) | 0.64 |
Ratio of impedance drop (%)* | 0.85 (0.53–1.35) | 0.48 |
First-pass PVI rate (%)* | 0.45 (0.18–1.10) | 0.08 |
Baseline impedance (Ω)# | 1.06 (1.01–1.10) | < 0.01 |
PAF duration (years)# | 1.18 (1.06–1.32) | < 0.01 |
AI# | 0.92 (0.86–0.99) | 0.03 |
Impedance of the patients with gaps
Low-impedance group and high-impedance group
Low-impedance group (n = 54) | High-impedance group (n = 47) | P value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 60.6 ± 9.9 | 63.0 ± 6.5 | 0.14 |
Male (%) | 33 (61.1) | 26 (55.3) | 0.56 |
PAF duration (years) | 2.7 ± 2.6 | 3.7 ± 3.5 | 0.11 |
BMI | 24.8 ± 2.5 | 25.3 ± 2.8 | 0.65 |
CHA2DS2-VASc score | 1.3 ± 1.1 | 1.4 ± 1.0 | 0.78 |
LVEF (%) | 57.9 | 58.0 | 0.82 |
Left atrial diameter, mm | 38.4 ± 4.1 | 37.9 ± 5.2 | 0.61 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 15 (27.8) | 7 (14.9) | 0.12 |
Coronary disease, n (%) | 4 (7.4) | 5 (12.8) | 0.83 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 4 (7.4) | 5 (10.6) | 0.83 |
Low-impedance group (n = 54) | High-impedance group (n = 47) | P value | |
---|---|---|---|
AI | 419.7 ± 7.6 | 421.8 ± 7.5 | 0.18 |
Baseline impedance (Ω) | 117.0 ± 4.5 | 132.5 ± 6.9 | < 0.01 |
Impedance drop (Ω) | 11.0 ± 1.5 | 10.4 ± 1.3 | 0.05 |
Ratio of impedance drop (%) | 9.4 ± 1.4 | 7.9 ± 1.0 | < 0.01 |
First-pass PVI rate, n (%) | 98 (90.7) | 81 (86.2) | 0.28 |