Introduction
Materials and methods
Clinical samples
IHC staining
Data sources and normalization
Dataset | Size | Age | Tumor size | Pathology | Grade | Follow-up |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GSE42568 | 104 | 31–89 years | 0.6–8.0 cm | IDC: 82 ILC: 17 Other: 5 | I: 11 II: 40 III: 53 | Max: 3026 days Mean: 1887 days |
GSE48390 | 81 | < 70 years | NA | Invasive breast cancer | I: 5 II: 40 III: 36 | 0.1–5.8 years |
GSE88770 | 117 | 35–89 years | 0.9–1.7 cm | ILC | I–III | Min: 5 years |
Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) clustering analysis of cuproptosis biomarkers
Relationship between molecular subtypes and the clinical features and prognosis of breast cancer
Correlations of cuproptosis-based clustering with TME in breast cancer
Differentiated expressed genes (DEGs) identification and functional annotation
Construction of the cuproptosis-related prognostic CuRG_score
Evaluation of immune status, microsatellite instability (MSI), and stemness index between the high- and low-risk groups
Mutation and drug susceptibility analysis
Establishment and validation of a nomogram scoring system
Statistical analyses
Results
c-Myc was a potential regulator of breast cancer intra-tumoral heterogeneity
RPC (P value) | C-myc | CD44 | CD24 | ALDH1A1 | CD133 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C-myc | 0.543** (0.000) | − 0.460** (0.000) | 0.356** (0.006) | 0.213 (0.105) | |
CD44 | 0.543** (0.000) | − 0.082 (0.536) | 0.184 (0.166) | 0.176 (0.182) | |
CD24 | − 0.460** (0.000) | − 0.082 (0.536) | − 0.115 (0.389) | − 0.195 (0.139) | |
ALDH1A1 | 0.356** (0.006) | 0.184 (0.166) | −0.115 (0.389) | 0.239 (0.068) | |
CD133 | 0.213 (0.105) | 0.176 (0.182) | −0.195 (0.139) | 0.239 (0.068) | |
RLN + (P value) | |||||
C-myc | 0.428** (0.001) | − 0.234 (0.075) | 0.312* (0.017) | 0.043 (0.747) | |
CD44 | 0.428** (0.001) | − 0.119 (0.369) | 0.153 (0.253) | 0.253 (0.053) | |
CD24 | − 0.234 (0.075) | − 0.119 (0.369) | 0.047 (0.729) | − 0.117 (0.376) | |
ALDH1A1 | 0.312* (0.017) | 0.153 (0.253) | 0.047 (0.729) | − 0.117 (0.382) | |
CD133 | 0.043 (0.747) | 0.253 (0.053) | − 0.117 (0.376) | − 0.117 (0.382) |