Background
Methods
Study population
Image acquisition
Myocardial deformation imaging
Reproducibility
Statistical analysis
Results
Feasibility of radial, circumferential and longitudinal strain measurements
Strain and strain rate parameters evaluated on a global basis
Mean/Median
|
25% Percentile
|
75% Percentile
|
Range
| |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years)
| 45.8 ± 14.0 | 34 | 58 | 21-71 |
Body weight (kg)
| 74.0 ± 12.8 | 65 | 82 | 51-125 |
Body height (cm)
| 174.0 ± 9.6 | 167 | 180 | 150-198 |
Body Mass Index (kg/m
2
)
| 24.4 ± 3.1 | 22.2 | 26.3 | 18.9-33.6 |
Body Surface Area (m
2
)
| 1.9 ± 0.2 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 1.5-2.5 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
| 125.5 ± 11.0 | 117 | 133 | 105-160 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
| 75.7 ± 8.6 | 70 | 83 | 55-95 |
LDL (mg/dl)
| 122.6 ± 31.6 | 95 | 143 | 61-212 |
NT-proBNP (pg/ml)
| 42.0†
| 27.0 | 67.5 | 5-190 |
Segment
|
Circumferential endocardial strain
|
Circumferential myocardial strain
|
Radial strain
|
---|---|---|---|
1
| −27.7 ± 8.2 | −21.1 ± 6.4 | 53.2 ± 18.9 |
2
| −27.1 ± 7.4 | −20.8 ± 6.0 | 22.1 ± 11.3 |
3
| −25.8 ± 7.8 | −21.4 ± 6.4 | 16.3 ± 9.1 |
4
| −24.3 ± 8.2 | −18.3 ± 6.4 | 37.1 ± 16.7 |
5
| −28.4 ± 8.7 | −22.4 ± 7.6 | 49.4 ± 19.2 |
6
| −30.5 ± 9.7 | −25.2 ± 8.3 | 55.3 ± 19.6 |
7
| −27.7 ± 7.0 | −21.0 ± 6.0 | 43.4 ± 16.9 |
8
| −24.7 ± 6.9 | −18.7 ± 5.9 | 25.2 ± 11.6 |
9
| −22.7 ± 5.5 | −18.0 ± 4.3 | 25.2 ± 11.6 |
10
| −24.4 ± 6.4 | −18.4 ± 5.0 | 38.6 ± 17.5 |
11
| −27.3 ± 7.3 | −21.3 ± 6.3 | 44.1 ± 16.9 |
12
| −25.2 ± 7.1 | −20.6 ± 6.4 | 49.1 ± 19.7 |
13
| −27.3 ± 7.7 | −20.8 ± 6.4 | 35.2 ± 18.1 |
14
| −28.9 ± 8.8 | −23.5 ± 7.4 | 21.6 ± 12.8 |
15
| −33.4 ± 9.2 | −27.0 ± 8.0 | 27.0 ± 16.8 |
16
| −30.3 ± 8.1 | −23.0 ± 6.8 | 39.1 ± 20.9 |
Global peak
|
−27.2 ± 4.0
|
−21.3 ± 3.3
|
36.3 ± 8.7
|
Global mean
|
−26.5 ± 4.5
|
−20.5 ± 3.7
|
34.5 ± 10.2
|
Segment
|
Longitudinal endocardial strain
|
Longitudinal myocardial strain
|
---|---|---|
1
| −23.2 ± 10.1 | −21.0 ± 9.6 |
2
| −24.9 ± 9.5 | −25.1 ± 8.4 |
3
| −21.3 ± 8.2 | −21.1 ± 7.9 |
4
| −24.7 ± 10.8 | −24.0 ± 10.0 |
5
| −30.9 ± 12.3 | −30.8 ± 11.7 |
6
| −31.5 ± 10.9 | −31.1 ± 10.6 |
7
| −28.1 ± 10.3 | −25.5 ± 9.4 |
8
| −22.2 ± 9.4 | −20.7 ± 7.7 |
9
| −16.5 ± 8.5 | −16.3 ± 8.1 |
10
| −17.0 ± 7.8 | −15.3 ± 6.9 |
11
| −21.1 ± 9.8 | −20.7 ± 9.2 |
12
| −22.0 ± 11.0 | −21.3 ± 10.3 |
13
| −27.1 ± 9.1 | −22.6 ± 8.0 |
14
| −22.6 ± 6.8 | −18.4 ± 5.6 |
15
| −22.8 ± 9.2 | −17.9 ± 7.5 |
16
| −18.6 ± 6.8 | −14.6 ± 5.5 |
Peak 2ch
| −23.8 ± 5.0 | −21.1 ± 4.7 |
Peak 3ch
| −24.1 ± 5.0 | −22.4 ± 4.6 |
Peak 4ch
| −20.7 ± 5.1 | −19.4 ± 4.9 |
Mean 2ch
| −22.0 ± 5.3 | −19.4 ± 4.9 |
Mean 3ch
| −22.3 ± 5.1 | −20.7 ± 4.7 |
Mean 4ch
| −18.8 ± 5.4 | −17.5 ± 5.0 |
Global peak
|
−23.4 ± 3.4
|
−21.6 ± 3.2
|
Global mean
|
−21.0 ± 3.9
|
−19.2 ± 3.6
|
Age- and gender-related differences
Men
|
Women
| |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tertile
|
Tertile
| |||||||
Segment
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
All
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
All
|
1
| 52.5 ± 16.1 | 49.3 ± 16.1 | 52.9 ± 18.0 | 51.6 ± 16.6 | 53.4 ± 20.7 | 58.0 ± 22.0 | 53.2 ± 20.9 | 54.9 ± 21.0 |
2
| 19.7 ± 7.2 | 17.8 ± 7.8 | 20.6 ± 9.7 | 19.3 ± 8.3 | 25.7 ± 9.8 | 24.6 ± 13.3 | 24.0 ± 16.3 | 24.8 ± 13.2 |
3
| 15.5 ± 12.1 | 20.1 ± 7.9 | 16.9 ± 10.1 | 17.5 ± 10.2 | 15.5 ± 5.9 | 16.5 ± 8.9 | 13.2 ± 7.8 | 15.1 ± 7.6 |
4
| 34.9 ± 16.6 | 43.8 ± 13.1 | 38.9 ± 20.2 | 39.2 ± 17.0 | 32.4 ± 16.6 | 37.3 ± 12.2 | 35.4 ± 19.4 | 35.0 ± 16.2 |
5
| 49.5 ± 17.6 | 53.8 ± 16.3 | 51.5 ± 23.0 | 51.6 ± 19.0 | 42.6 ± 17.9 | 53.5 ± 20.6 | 45.6 ± 18.2 | 47.2 ± 19.3 |
6
| 56.2 ± 15.6 | 53.5 ± 13.3 | 57.3 ± 21.9 | 55.7 ± 17.0 | 50.7 ± 22.7 | 58.6 ± 22.9 | 56.0 ± 20.5 | 55.0 ± 22.0 |
7
| 42.3 ± 15.6 | 46.5 ± 17.6 | 46.3 ± 19.6 | 45.0 ± 17.6 | 37.7 ± 13.1 | 43.7 ± 17.7 | 43.9 ± 17.0 | 41.7 ± 16.1 |
8
| 24.1 ± 11.7 | 22.7 ± 10.2 | 23.5 ± 10.2 | 23.4 ± 10.6 | 27.0 ± 8.8 | 26.2 ± 10.6 | 27.7 ± 16.5 | 27.0 ± 12.3 |
9
| 25.6 ± 10.9 | 29.9 ± 12.7 | 23.9 ± 11.8 | 26.5 ± 11.9 | 20.7 ± 8.2 | 26.4 ± 12.4 | 24.9 ± 12.2 | 24.0 ± 11.2 |
10
| 35.7 ± 15.5 | 47.5 ± 14.4 | 35.6 ± 18.4 | 39.5 ± 16.9 | 31.4 ± 11.5 | 41.5 ± 19.1 | 40.1 ± 21.3 | 37.7 ± 18.1 |
11
| 43.9 ± 16.0 | 48.4 ± 15.4 | 47.4 ± 18.6 | 46.5 ± 16.6 | 34.8 ± 14.9 | 43.3 ± 16.8 | 47.5 ± 17.1 | 41.8 ± 16.9 |
12
| 51.4 ± 19.9 | 57.7 ± 20.2 | 52.7 ± 21.8 | 54.0 ± 20.5 | 33.9 ± 14.3 | 47.2 ± 17.1 | 52.6 ± 17.1 | 44.4 ± 17.8 |
13
| 30.6 ± 17.6 | 39.5 ± 22.2 | 41.0 ± 15.5 | 37.0 ± 19.0 | 32.9 ± 19.3 | 35.4 ± 15.7 | 32.0 ± 16.7 | 33.4 ± 17.1 |
14
| 19.4 ± 9.2 | 23.0 ± 14.9 | 23.5 ± 12.6 | 22.0 ± 12.4 | 19.6 ± 9.6 | 21.0 ± 13.1 | 23.3 ± 16.4 | 21.3 ± 13.2 |
15
| 27.0 ± 13.1 | 35.3 ± 18.8 | 34.5 ± 17.2 | 32.3 ± 16.7 | 16.3 ± 10.6 | 20.7 ± 13.4 | 27.9 ± 18.4 | 21.6 ± 15.1 |
16
| 40.1 ± 19.8 | 49.3 ± 25.8 | 45.0 ± 20.2 | 44.8 ± 22.1 | 27.1 ± 16.4 | 33.5 ± 19.9 | 39.7 ± 15.8 | 33.4 ± 18.0 |
Global peak
|
35.5 ± 7.3
|
39.9 ± 7.8
|
38.2 ± 9.1
|
37.9 ± 8.2
|
31.4 ± 7.6
|
36.6 ± 8.6
|
36.5 ± 9.8
|
34.8 ± 8.9
|
Global mean
|
33.1 ± 7.9
|
39.0 ± 9.7
|
37.9 ± 11.7
|
36.7 ± 10.1
|
28.4 ± 8.1
|
34.4 ± 9.7
|
34.5 ± 10.6
|
32.4 ± 9.8
|
Men
|
Women
| |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tertile
|
Tertile
| |||||||
Segment
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
All
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
All
|
1
| −28.2 ± 7.6 | −25.5 ± 7.7 | −27.6 ± 8.5 | −27.1 ± 7.9 | −26.2 ± 8.3 | −29.0 ± 5.9 | −29.8 ± 10.3 | −28.3 ± 8.4 |
2
| −25.8 ± 7.1 | −27.4 ± 6.9 | −24.8 ± 5.8 | −26.0 ± 6.6 | −28.1 ± 7.0 | −26.3 ± 8.7 | −30.3 ± 8.0 | −28.2 ± 7.9 |
3
| −25.7 ± 6.5 | −23.3 ± 6.9 | −25.5 ± 8.9 | −24.8 ± 7.4 | −26.0 ± 6.9 | −26.5 ± 9.8 | −27.5 ± 7.7 | −26.7 ± 8.1 |
4
| −23.5 ± 8.1 | −21.0 ± 6.1 | −28.1 ± 9.9 | −24.2 ± 8.6 | −22.8 ± 7.2 | −25.6 ± 7.9 | −24.9 ± 8.2 | −24.4 ± 7.8 |
5
| −27.3 ± 9.1 | −24.8 ± 8.9 | −31.3 ± 7.7 | −27.8 ± 8.9 | −26.5 ± 6.8 | −28.3 ± 7.9 | −32.6 ± 10.0 | −29.0 ± 8.5 |
6
| −28.7 ± 7.6 | −24.9 ± 8.5 | −34.2 ± 8.8 | −29.2 ± 9.0 | −27.9 ± 8.9 | −33.7 ± 9.2 | −34.1 ± 11.4 | −31.8 ± 10.2 |
7
| −26.9 ± 5.5 | −24.3 ± 6.2 | −28.7 ± 7.2 | −26.7 ± 6.5 | −27.1 ± 8.1 | −29.6 ± 6.6 | −29.4 ± 7.5 | −28.7 ± 7.4 |
8
| −24.0 ± 6.3 | −24.8 ± 7.4 | −24.0 ± 8.3 | −24.2 ± 7.2 | −23.7 ± 4.6 | −25.0 ± 7.1 | −26.5 ± 7.6 | −25.1 ± 6.6 |
9
| −22.0 ± 4.5 | −21.9 ± 4.5 | −22.0 ± 6.3 | −22.0 ± 5.1 | −22.5 ± 4.1 | −23.6 ± 5.6 | −24.1 ± 7.1 | −23.4 ± 5.7 |
10
| −24.2 ± 5.9 | −24.5 ± 7.7 | −25.0 ± 6.9 | −24.6 ± 6.8 | −23.9 ± 5.4 | −24.2 ± 5.4 | −24.3 ± 7.6 | −24.1 ± 6.1 |
11
| −27.0 ± 5.9 | −25.2 ± 6.3 | −27.8 ± 7.6 | −26.7 ± 6.6 | −26.2 ± 7.6 | −28.0 ± 6.9 | −29.2 ± 9.1 | −27.8 ± 7.9 |
12
| −24.8 ± 7.1 | −21.3 ± 6.3 | −24.0 ± 4.8 | −23.4 ± 6.2 | −24.2 ± 6.6 | −29.7 ± 7.5 | −26.8 ± 7.5 | −26.9 ± 7.5 |
13
| −29.3 ± 6.0 | −24.3 ± 7.3 | −26.1 ± 8.8 | −26.6 ± 7.6 | −27.1 ± 8.8 | −28.1 ± 7.1 | −28.9 ± 7.4 | −28.0 ± 7.7 |
14
| −30.9 ± 7.8 | −24.9 ± 9.0 | −28.6 ± 7.7 | −28.1 ± 8.5 | −33.4 ± 8.4 | −27.9 ± 8.1 | −27.7 ± 9.9 | −29.7 ± 9.1 |
15
| −33.4 ± 8.3 | −30.3 ± 8.8 | −33.2 ± 10.1 | −32.3 ± 9.1 | −35.8 ± 8.4 | −34.0 ± 8.5 | −33.7 ± 10.8 | −34.5 ± 9.2 |
16
| −31.5 ± 7.8 | −27.6 ± 9.0 | −31.2 ± 7.6 | −30.1 ± 8.2 | −28.7 ± 7.8 | −33.0 ± 7.2 | −29.7 ± 8.8 | −30.4 ± 8.1 |
Global peak
|
−27.1 ± 2.9
|
−24.8 ± 4.4
|
−27.6 ± 4.9
|
−26.5 ± 4.2
|
−26.9 ± 3.4
|
−28.2 ± 3.4
|
−28.7 ± 4.1
|
−27.9 ± 3.7
|
Global mean
|
−26.4 ± 3.5
|
−23.9 ± 4.9
|
−26.8 ± 5.4
|
−25.7 ± 4.8
|
−26.6 ± 3.8
|
−27.6 ± 3.8
|
−27.7 ± 4.3
|
−27.3 ± 4.0
|
Men
|
Women
| |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tertile
|
Tertile
| |||||||
Segment
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
All
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
All
|
1
| −22.2 ± 5.3 | −19.3 ± 6.0 | −20.7 ± 6.4 | −20.7 ± 6.0 | −20.7 ± 7.1 | −21.0 ± 4.8 | −22.5 ± 8.1 | −21.4 ± 6.7 |
2
| −19.9 ± 5.0 | −20.4 ± 5.3 | −18.6 ± 5.0 | −19.7 ± 5.1 | −22.7 ± 6.0 | −19.3 ± 6.6 | −23.9 ± 6.7 | −21.9 ± 6.6 |
3
| −20.8 ± 5.1 | −18.6 ± 5.2 | −20.5 ± 6.3 | −20.0 ± 5.6 | −22.6 ± 5.9 | −22.1 ± 7.6 | −23.9 ± 7.3 | −22.9 ± 6.9 |
4
| −17.5 ± 7.0 | −15.2 ± 4.3 | −21.2 ± 6.8 | −17.9 ± 6.6 | −17.7 ± 5.8 | −18.6 ± 6.4 | −19.5 ± 6.7 | −18.6 ± 6.3 |
5
| −20.8 ± 7.3 | −18.4 ± 6.4 | −24.5 ± 6.9 | −21.2 ± 7.2 | −21.1 ± 6.1 | −22.8 ± 6.3 | −27.4 ± 9.8 | −23.5 ± 7.8 |
6
| −23.3 ± 6.1 | −19.7 ± 7.6 | −28.4 ± 6.3 | −23.7 ± 7.6 | −24.1 ± 7.5 | −28.5 ± 7.8 | −27.7 ± 10.3 | −26.7 ± 8.7 |
7
| −19.8 ± 4.5 | −18.2 ± 5.9 | −22.2 ± 6.1 | −20.1 ± 5.7 | −21.4 ± 6.5 | −22.6 ± 6.0 | −21.3 ± 6.2 | −21.8 ± 6.2 |
8
| −17.9 ± 5.0 | −18.9 ± 6.2 | −18.3 ± 7.1 | −18.4 ± 6.1 | −18.8 ± 4.5 | −18.1 ± 5.8 | −19.8 ± 6.6 | −18.9 ± 5.7 |
9
| −17.5 ± 3.8 | −16.8 ± 3.3 | −17.9 ± 5.6 | −17.4 ± 4.3 | −18.3 ± 3.4 | −18.8 ± 4.7 | −19.0 ± 4.6 | −18.7 ± 4.2 |
10
| −18.2 ± 4.5 | −18.0 ± 5.2 | −19.0 ± 5.3 | −18.4 ± 5.0 | −18.6 ± 4.2 | −18.5 ± 5.2 | −17.9 ± 6.0 | −18.3 ± 5.1 |
11
| −20.9 ± 5.2 | −18.5 ± 4.7 | −21.4 ± 5.1 | −20.3 ± 5.1 | −20.7 ± 6.7 | −22.4 ± 7.2 | −23.5 ± 7.8 | −22.2 ± 7.2 |
12
| −20.2 ± 5.7 | −16.3 ± 5.5 | −19.3 ± 4.4 | −18.7 ± 5.4 | −20.3 ± 5.3 | −25.3 ± 7.4 | −22.0 ± 6.5 | −22.5 ± 6.7 |
13
| −22.3 ± 5.5 | −17.8 ± 5.3 | −19.8 ± 6.7 | −20.0 ± 6.1 | −21.3 ± 7.7 | −21.9 ± 5.8 | −21.7 ± 6.4 | −21.6 ± 6.6 |
14
| −25.7 ± 6.2 | −19.4 ± 6.9 | −23.1 ± 7.3 | −22.7 ± 7.2 | −27.3 ± 6.1 | −22.1 ± 7.9 | −23.0 ± 7.6 | −24.2 ± 7.5 |
15
| −27.4 ± 7.4 | −23.9 ± 6.9 | −26.1 ± 8.4 | −25.7 ± 7.6 | −30.8 ± 8.1 | −27.2 ± 7.1 | −27.0 ± 8.6 | −28.4 ± 8.1 |
16
| −23.7 ± 7.0 | −20.0 ± 6.9 | −22.9 ± 6.5 | −22.2 ± 6.9 | −23.6 ± 6.9 | −25.9 ± 5.9 | −21.9 ± 6.6 | −23.8 ± 6.6 |
Global peak
|
−21.1 ± 2.1
|
−18.7 ± 3.2
|
−21.4 ± 3.8
|
−20.4 ± 3.3
|
−21.9 ± 3.2
|
−22.2 ± 3.0
|
−22.6 ± 3.4
|
−22.2 ± 3.2
|
Global mean
|
−20.4 ± 2.6
|
−17.9 ± 3.5
|
−20.6 ± 4.2
|
−19.6 ± 3.7
|
−21.5 ± 3.5
|
−21.4 ± 3.3
|
−21.5 ± 3.7
|
−21.4 ± 3.5
|
Men
|
Women
| |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tertile
|
Tertile
| |||||||
Segment
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
All
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
All
|
1
| −22.8 ± 9.1 | −17.7 ± 8.6 | −18.0 ± 9.4 | −19.5 ± 9.2 | −29.6 ± 9.6 | −25.4 ± 9.4 | −25.0 ± 10.0 | −26.7 ± 9.7 |
2
| −25.1 ± 10.0 | −25.7 ± 11.0 | −22.5 ± 9.6 | −24.4 ± 10.2 | −28.3 ± 8.9 | −24.0 ± 8.7 | −23.6 ± 8.5 | −25.3 ± 8.9 |
3
| −20.3 ± 6.6 | −21.7 ± 9.0 | −21.7 ± 8.9 | −21.2 ± 8.1 | −21.0 ± 7.3 | −23.9 ± 10.4 | −19.3 ± 6.1 | −21.5 ± 8.3 |
4
| −24.4 ± 8.9 | −19.8 ± 8.3 | −22.1 ± 10.7 | −22.1 ± 9.4 | −25.7 ± 11.0 | −27.9 ± 11.9 | −28.6 ± 12.0 | −27.4 ± 11.5 |
5
| −23.8 ± 9.7 | −29.5 ± 12.3 | −30.5 ± 14.5 | −27.9 ± 12.5 | −32.9 ± 10.9 | −35.1 ± 12.9 | −34.0 ± 11.0 | −33.9 ± 11.5 |
6
| −28.9 ± 10.7 | −29.1 ± 11.3 | −32.8 ± 8.0 | −30.3 ± 10.1 | −29.6 ± 13.2 | −32.5 ± 10.6 | −36.2 ± 10.6 | −32.8 ± 11.7 |
7
| −30.7 ± 10.9 | −22.0 ± 7.9 | −24.5 ± 8.9 | −25.8 ± 9.9 | −30.5 ± 9.3 | −29.9 ± 10.4 | −31.3 ± 11.1 | −30.5 ± 10.1 |
8
| −22.5 ± 11.3 | −21.8 ± 8.8 | −18.2 ± 8.3 | −20.8 ± 9.6 | −25.9 ± 10.2 | −23.2 ± 8.0 | −21.6 ± 8.7 | −23.6 ± 9.1 |
9
| −17.3 ± 9.3 | −16.9 ± 7.0 | −16.2 ± 8.4 | −16.8 ± 8.1 | −16.8 ± 9.8 | −17.9 ± 10.3 | −13.8 ± 6.5 | −16.1 ± 9.0 |
10
| −17.0 ± 6.4 | −15.8 ± 7.1 | −15.0 ± 8.5 | −16.0 ± 7.3 | −18.8 ± 8.1 | −17.4 ± 9.1 | −18.1 ± 7.9 | −18.1 ± 8.3 |
11
| −18.1 ± 9.1 | −17.7 ± 8.2 | −22.3 ± 8.0 | −19.3 ± 8.6 | −21.5 ± 9.5 | −26.6 ± 11.1 | −20.8 ± 10.7 | −22.9 ± 10.6 |
12
| −18.6 ± 10.6 | −19.9 ± 10.0 | −21.2 ± 11.3 | −19.9 ± 10.6 | −21.8 ± 11.0 | −26.0 ± 11.9 | −24.8 ± 10.0 | −24.2 ± 11.0 |
13
| −26.7 ± 7.9 | −23.2 ± 9.5 | −30.0 ± 9.2 | −26.6 ± 9.2 | −25.3 ± 8.6 | −28.4 ± 7.6 | −29.2 ± 10.4 | −27.6 ± 9.0 |
14
| −24.5 ± 7.5 | −20.9 ± 5.9 | −22.4 ± 5.8 | −22.6 ± 6.5 | −20.5 ± 6.9 | −23.3 ± 5.9 | −24.0 ± 8.1 | −22.6 ± 7.1 |
15
| −22.2 ± 9.0 | −22.0 ± 8.8 | −24.8 ± 8.5 | −23.0 ± 8.8 | −22.0 ± 9.0 | −22.5 ± 11.0 | −23.0 ± 9.5 | −22.5 ± 9.8 |
16
| −20.1 ± 7.1 | −14.6 ± 4.8 | −20.3 ± 7.0 | −18.3 ± 6.9 | −19.3 ± 6.7 | −19.6 ± 7.1 | −17.4 ± 6.7 | −18.8 ± 6.8 |
Peak 2ch
| −23.6 ± 4.5 | −19.7 ± 4.1 | −22.2 ± 4.1 | −21.8 ± 4.5 | −24.8 ± 4.4 | −25.8 ± 5.1 | −26.7 ± 4.5 | −25.8 ± 4.7 |
Peak 3ch
| −23.0 ± 4.5 | −22.0 ± 4.9 | −23.2 ± 4.6 | −22.7 ± 4.6 | −24.6 ± 3.9 | −27.5 ± 5.6 | −24.3 ± 4.8 | −25.4 ± 4.9 |
Peak 4ch
| −20.1 ± 4.1 | −19.4 ± 5.3 | −20.9 ± 4.7 | −20.1 ± 4.7 | −21.2 ± 5.5 | −21.8 ± 5.5 | −20.8 ± 5.8 | −21.3 ± 5.5 |
Mean 2ch
| −22.1 ± 4.4 | −17.9 ± 4.7 | −19.7 ± 4.1 | −19.9 ± 4.7 | −23.1 ± 4.7 | −24.2 ± 5.5 | −24.9 ± 5.1 | −24.1 ± 5.1 |
Mean 3ch
| −20.8 ± 4.5 | −20.3 ± 4.7 | −21.1 ± 5.5 | −20.7 ± 4.8 | −23.0 ± 4.0 | −25.8 ± 5.3 | −22.6 ± 5.1 | −23.8 ± 4.9 |
Mean 4ch
| −17.9 ± 4.2 | −17.6 ± 5.6 | −19.2 ± 5.6 | −18.2 ± 5.2 | −19.0 ± 5.3 | −19.9 ± 5.9 | −19.1 ± 5.7 | −19.3 ± 5.6 |
Global peak
|
−22.7 ± 3.4
|
−21.1 ± 3.5
|
−22.8 ± 3.2
|
−22.2 ± 3.4
|
−24.4 ± 3.4
|
−25.2 ± 2.8
|
−24.4 ± 2.4
|
−24.6 ± 2.9
|
Global mean
|
−20.2 ± 3.5
|
−18.6 ± 3.8
|
−20.0 ± 3.7
|
−19.6 ± 3.7
|
−21.7 ± 3.5
|
−23.3 ± 3.6
|
−22.2 ± 3.6
|
−22.4 ± 3.6
|
Men
|
Women
| |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tertile
|
Tertile
| |||||||
Segment
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
All
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
All
|
1
| −20.0 ± 8.2 | −16.7 ± 8.4 | −15.8 ± 9.3 | −17.5 ± 8.7 | −27.3 ± 9.1 | −23.6 ± 8.9 | −22.4 ± 9.6 | −24.4 ± 9.3 |
2
| −24.3 ± 7.8 | −25.8 ± 10.6 | −24.1 ± 8.5 | −24.7 ± 9.0 | −27.4 ± 8.2 | −25.0 ± 7.8 | −24.2 ± 7.7 | −25.5 ± 7.9 |
3
| −20.7 ± 6.6 | −20.3 ± 8.0 | −20.6 ± 7.2 | −20.5 ± 7.2 | −22.2 ± 7.6 | −23.8 ± 10.4 | −19.1 ± 6.9 | −21.7 ± 8.5 |
4
| −22.9 ± 8.0 | −19.6 ± 8.1 | −21.9 ± 9.8 | −21.4 ± 8.6 | −25.2 ± 10.7 | −27.6 ± 11.0 | −27.5 ± 10.6 | −26.8 ± 10.7 |
5
| −24.2 ± 9.8 | −28.8 ± 11.6 | −30.0 ± 13.4 | −27.7 ± 11.8 | −33.8 ± 10.6 | −34.3 ± 13.0 | −33.9 ± 9.3 | −34.0 ± 10.9 |
6
| −28.9 ± 9.8 | −28.0 ± 10.6 | −31.1 ± 8.0 | −29.4 ± 9.4 | −30.3 ± 13.0 | −31.8 ± 10.2 | −36.2 ± 11.0 | −32.9 ± 11.6 |
7
| −27.8 ± 9.4 | −19.4 ± 6.1 | −21.7 ± 8.2 | −23.0 ± 8.7 | −28.0 ± 8.8 | −27.6 ± 9.8 | −28.5 ± 10.4 | −28.0 ± 9.6 |
8
| −20.3 ± 8.7 | −20.7 ± 7.8 | −18.3 ± 6.5 | −19.8 ± 7.7 | −23.3 ± 8.3 | −21.4 ± 7.0 | −19.9 ± 7.2 | −21.5 ± 7.6 |
9
| −16.8 ± 8.5 | −15.6 ± 6.8 | −15.6 ± 7.7 | −16.0 ± 7.6 | −17.3 ± 9.9 | −19.6 ± 8.7 | −13.3 ± 6.2 | −16.6 ± 8.7 |
10
| −15.0 ± 5.9 | −14.5 ± 6.1 | −13.8 ± 7.2 | −14.4 ± 6.3 | −16.8 ± 7.6 | −16.2 ± 8.9 | −15.5 ± 6.0 | −16.1 ± 7.4 |
11
| −18.2 ± 8.9 | −17.6 ± 7.7 | −21.7 ± 7.3 | −19.1 ± 8.1 | −21.5 ± 9.0 | −25.3 ± 10.4 | −20.3 ± 10.4 | −22.3 ± 10.0 |
12
| −19.0 ± 10.6 | −19.4 ± 8.9 | −19.0 ± 11.5 | −19.1 ± 10.3 | −21.8 ± 9.1 | −25.2 ± 11.8 | −23.3 ± 8.4 | −23.4 ± 9.8 |
13
| −23.0 ± 6.9 | −18.2 ± 7.9 | −25.0 ± 7.3 | −22.0 ± 7.8 | −21.7 ± 7.4 | −23.5 ± 7.0 | −24.8 ± 9.9 | −23.3 ± 8.1 |
14
| −19.9 ± 6.3 | −17.0 ± 5.0 | −18.3 ± 4.7 | −18.4 ± 5.5 | −17.0 ± 5.4 | −19.1 ± 5.5 | −19.3 ± 6.1 | −18.4 ± 5.7 |
15
| −18.2 ± 6.5 | −16.2 ± 6.9 | −19.3 ± 6.4 | −17.9 ± 6.6 | −18.4 ± 7.5 | −17.2 ± 9.7 | −18.0 ± 8.2 | −17.9 ± 8.4 |
16
| −16.4 ± 5.6 | −11.4 ± 3.8 | −15.1 ± 4.7 | −14.3 ± 5.2 | −15.7 ± 5.4 | −15.6 ± 6.0 | −13.7 ± 5.9 | −15.0 ± 5.8 |
Peak 2ch
| −20.8 ± 3.7 | −17.1 ± 3.5 | −19.4 ± 3.8 | −19.1 ± 4.0 | −22.4 ± 4.3 | −23.1 ± 5.3 | −23.6 ± 4.1 | −23.0 ± 4.6 |
Peak 3ch
| −21.1 ± 3.7 | −20.5 ± 4.8 | −21.7 ± 4.3 | −21.1 ± 4.3 | −23.0 ± 3.4 | −25.5 ± 5.4 | −22.6 ± 4.4 | −23.7 ± 4.6 |
Peak 4ch
| −19.0 ± 4.0 | −17.6 ± 4.5 | −18.9 ± 4.4 | −18.5 ± 4.3 | −20.5 ± 5.1 | −20.9 ± 5.2 | −19.6 ± 5.7 | −20.3 ± 5.3 |
Mean 2ch
| −19.2 ± 3.6 | −15.4 ± 4.1 | −17.2 ± 3.7 | −17.3 ± 4.1 | −20.7 ± 4.3 | −21.6 ± 5.7 | −22.0 ± 4.5 | −21.4 ± 4.8 |
Mean 3ch
| −19.1 ± 3.5 | −18.8 ± 4.6 | −19.8 ± 5.0 | −19.2 ± 4.4 | −21.5 ± 3.3 | −24.0 ± 5.1 | −21.1 ± 4.6 | −22.2 ± 4.5 |
Mean 4ch
| −16.9 ± 3.9 | −15.9 ± 4.9 | −17.2 ± 4.9 | −16.7 ± 4.6 | −18.4 ± 4.9 | −18.9 ± 5.7 | −17.8 ± 5.6 | −18.4 ± 5.3 |
Global peak
|
−21.0 ± 3.0
|
−19.3 ± 3.2
|
−20.8 ± 3.0
|
−20.4 ± 3.1
|
−23.0 ± 3.1
|
−23.4 ± 2.9
|
−22.4 ± 2.0
|
−22.9 ± 2.7
|
Global mean
|
−18.4 ± 2.9
|
−16.7 ± 3.5
|
−18.1 ± 3.3
|
−17.7 ± 3.3
|
−20.2 ± 3.1
|
−21.5 ± 3.7
|
−20.3 ± 3.3
|
−20.7 ± 3.4
|
Correlation between global peak and mean systolic strain values
Observer agreement and variability
View
|
Segment
|
Coefficient of variation
|
---|---|---|
2ch
| 1 | −23.5 |
4 | −20.3 | |
7 | −11.6 | |
10 | −25.3 | |
13 | −18.4 | |
15 | −19.7 | |
3ch
| 2 | −17.4 |
5 | −23.1 | |
8 | −23.8 | |
11 | −19.7 | |
14 | −33.1 | |
16 | −18.4 | |
4ch
| 3 | −19.8 |
6 | −21.0 | |
9 | −16.3 | |
12 | −19.1 | |
14 | −17.7 | |
16 | −30.0 | |
basal SAX
| 1 | −16.6 |
2 | −22.5 | |
3 | −13.9 | |
4 | −19.0 | |
5 | −12.8 | |
6 | −15.8 | |
mid. SAX
| 7 | −15.7 |
8 | −12.8 | |
9 | −15.1 | |
10 | −17.8 | |
11 | −13.9 | |
12 | −15.7 | |
apical SAX
| 13 | −17.0 |
14 | −15.9 | |
15 | −14.9 | |
16 | −18.9 |