Introduction
TAM origins and types
Origin
Types
The role of TAMs in tumor progression
Promotion of cancer initiation
Promotion of angiogenesis
Promotion of invasion and metastasis
Immune suppression
Sustaining the activity of cancer stem cells
Chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic resistance of TAMs
Treatment strategies against TAMs
Action | Agent | Combination | Target | Status | Tumor type | Clinical trial number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inhibiting the recruitment of TAMs | Carlumab | NA | CCL2 | Completed II | Prostate cancer | NCT00992186 |
CNTO 888(mAb) | Gemcitabine Paclitaxel and carboplatin docetaxel | CCL2 | Completed I | Solid tumors | NCT01204996 | |
CNTO 888(mAb) | NA | CCL2 | Completed I | Solid tumors | NCT00537368 | |
PF-04136309 | FOLFIRINOX* | CCR2 | Completed I | Pancreatic neoplasms | NCT01413022 | |
MLN1202 | NA | CCR2 | Completed II | Bone metastases | NCT01015560 | |
Activating TAMs | MCS110 | Carboplatin and Gemcitabine | CSF-1 | Completed II | Triple-negative breast cancer | NCT02435680 |
MCS110 | Placebo | CSF-1 | Completed II | Cancer | NCT01643850 | |
MCS110 | NA | CSF-1 | Terminated I/II | Prostate cancer, Bone Metastases | NCT00757757 | |
IMC-CS4 (LY3022855) | NA | CSF-1R | Completed I | Solid tumors | NCT01346358 | |
IMC-CS4 | NA | CSF-1R | Completed I | Breast or Prostate cancer | NCT02265536 | |
AMG 820 | NA | CSF-1R | Completed I | Solid tumors | NCT01444404 | |
AMG 820 | pembrolizumab | CSF-1R | Completed I/II | Pancreatic cancer, Colorectal cancer, Non-small cell lung cancer | NCT02713529 | |
Emactuzumab | Atezolizumab | CSF-1R PD-L1 | Completed Ib | Solid tumors | NCT02323191 | |
ARRY-382 | Pembrolizumab | CSF-1R PD-1 | Completed I b/II | Solid tumors | NCT02880371 | |
Pexidartinib | Durvalumab | CSF-1R PD-L1 | Completed I | Pancreatic or Colorectal cancers | NCT02777710 | |
SNDX-6352 | Durvalumab | CSF-1R PD-L1 | Active, not recruiting I | Solid tumors | NCT03238027 | |
BLZ945 | PDR001 | CSF-1R PD-1 | Active, not recruiting I/II | Solid tumors | NCT02829723 | |
Cabiralizumab (BMS-986227, FPA008) | Nivolumab (BMS-936558) | CSF-1R PD-1 | Completed I | Malignancies | NCT03158272 | |
Trabectedin | Durvalumab (MEDI4736) | PD-L1 | Active, not recruiting Ib | Soft-tissue sarcomas and ovarian carcinomas | NCT03085225 | |
PLX7486 | NA | CSF-1R | Terminated I | Solid tumors | NCT01804530 | |
PLX3397 (Pexidartinib) | NA | CSF-1R | Terminated II | Glioblastoma | NCT01349036 | |
PLX3397 | NA | CSF-1R | Completed II | Hodgkin lymphoma | NCT01217229 | |
PLX3397 | NA | CSF-1R | Terminated II | Prostate cancer | NCT01499043 | |
PLX3397 | Sirolimus | CSF-1R | Recruiting I Recruiting II | Sarcoma Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors | NCT02584647 | |
PLX3397 | Pembrolizumab | CSF-1R | Terminated I/II | Tumors* | NCT02452424 | |
PLX3397 | Eribulin | CSF-1R | Completed I b/II | Breast cancer | NCT01596751 | |
PLX3397(Turalio) | NA | Recruiting I/II | Leukemias, Solid tumors | NCT02390752 | ||
PLX3397 (Pexidartinib) | Paclitaxel (Onxol) | Completed I | Solid tumors | NCT01525602 | ||
Alemtuzumab | NA | CD52 | Terminated I | Ovarian/primary peritoneal cancer | NCT00637390 | |
Alemtuzumab | fludarabine and cyclophosphamide | CD52 | Completed II | Kidney cancer | NCT00073879 | |
Reprogramming TAMs | Chi Lob 7/4 | NA | CD40 | Completed I | Malignancies | NCT01561911 |
GM.CD40L* Vaccine | CCL21 | CD40 | Completed I/II | Lung cancer, Adenocarcinoma | NCT01433172 | |
CP-870,893* | NA | CD40 | Completed I | Advanced solid tumors | NCT02225002 | |
CP-870,893 | Tremelimumab* | CD40 | Completed I | Melanoma | NCT01103635 | |
CP-870,893 | Paclitaxel + Carboplatin | CD40 | Completed I | Neoplasms | NCT00607048 | |
CP-870,893 | Gemcitabine | CD40 | Completed I | Adenocarcinoma pancreas | NCT01456585 | |
RO7009789 | Emactuzumab (RO5509554) | CD40 | Completed I | Neoplasms | NCT02760797 | |
RO7009789 | nab-paclitaxel, gemcitabine | CD40 | Completed I | Pancreatic cancer | NCT02588443 | |
RO7009789 | Vanucizumab, Bevacizumab | CD40 | Completed I | Solid tumors | NCT02665416 | |
Selicrelumab (RO7009789) | Atezolizumab | CD40 PD-1 | Completed I | Solid tumors | NCT02304393 | |
APX005M | Nivolumab | CD40 | Completed I/II | Non-small cell lung cancer, Metastatic Melanoma | NCT03123783 | |
IPI-549 | Nivolumab | PI3K-γ PD-1 | Active, not recruiting I | Solid tumors, non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma, breast cancer | NCT02637531 | |
TTI-621 | PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor* pegylated interferon-α2a talimogene laherparepvec (T-Vec) radiation | SIRPα-IgG1 Fc | Terminated I | Solid Tumors, Mycosis fungoides, Melanoma, Merkel-cell carcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma, Breast carcinoma, Human papillomavirus-related malignant neoplasm, Soft tissue sarcoma | NCT02890368 | |
Hu5F9-G4 | Atezolizumab | CD47 | Completed I | Acute myeloid leukemia | NCT03922477 | |
CC-90002 | NA | CD47 | Terminated I | Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute myelodysplastic syndromes | NCT02641002 | |
CC-90002 | Rituximab | CD47 | Completed I | Hematologic neoplasms | NCT02367196 | |
GSK3145095 | pembrolizumab | RIP | Terminated II | Neoplasms, Pancreatic | NCT03681951 | |
NKTR-262 | Bempegaldesleukin (NKTR-214) Nivolumab | TLR7/8 PD-1 | Active, not recruiting I/II | Solid tumors | NCT03435640 | |
WP1066 | NA | STAT3 | Active, not recruiting I | Glioma and Brain metastasis from melanoma | NCT01904123 | |
AZD9150 (ISIS 481464) | NA | STAT3 | Completed I/Ib | Advanced/Metastatic Hepatocellular carcinoma | NCT01839604 | |
Imprime PGG | Cetuximab | MAPK | Completed II | Colorectal Cancer | NCT00912327 | |
Immunological Adjuvant OPT-821 | β-glucan | Active, not recruiting I/II | Neuroblastoma | NCT00911560 | ||
β-Glucan | Anti-GD2 Monoclonal Antibody 3F8 | Active, not recruiting I | Neuroblastoma | NCT00492167 |