Introduction
Methods
The dataset
Country | Number of responses | Number of pseudo-ICUs | Mean years of experience in critical care | Proportion female sex | Number of beds in ICU | Availability of VAP prevention standards | Existence of VAP surveillance system | VAP measure 1 | VAP measure 2 | VAP measure 3 | VAP measure 4 | VAP measure 5 | VAP measure 6 | Sum of VAP measures 1-6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AR | 40 | 24 | 15.00 | 25% | 13.20 | 65% | 68% | 100% | 63% | 73% | 98% | 78% | 78% | 4.88 |
AT | 130 | 58 | 12.75 | 35% | 8.97 | 40% | 45% | 96% | 44% | 47% | 93% | 98% | 82% | 4.59 |
AU | 23 | 17 | 14.17 | 9% | 19.43 | 30% | 30% | 100% | 48% | 39% | 70% | 100% | 91% | 4.48 |
BE | 33 | 25 | 17.21 | 24% | 21.15 | 73% | 48% | 100% | 52% | 91% | 55% | 97% | 94% | 4.88 |
BR | 21 | 18 | 13.86 | 10% | 20.71 | 81% | 76% | 100% | 71% | 86% | 95% | 62% | 67% | 4.81 |
CH | 29 | 16 | 9.90 | 24% | 12.93 | 69% | 38% | 97% | 69% | 72% | 86% | 86% | 93% | 5.03 |
CO | 31 | 19 | 9.45 | 29% | 14.84 | 68% | 74% | 97% | 55% | 84% | 87% | 77% | 97% | 4.97 |
DE | 67 | 49 | 11.81 | 15% | 22.93 | 67% | 52% | 97% | 54% | 60% | 93% | 99% | 84% | 4.85 |
ES | 293 | 107 | 16.10 | 38% | 15.80 | 81% | 74% | 98% | 43% | 94% | 93% | 93% | 87% | 5.09 |
FR | 251 | 113 | 11.50 | 24% | 14.88 | 47% | 61% | 96% | 19% | 55% | 69% | 90% | 94% | 4.24 |
GB | 115 | 57 | 10.74 | 22% | 17.16 | 79% | 50% | 98% | 81% | 90% | 50% | 87% | 87% | 4.92 |
GR | 23 | 15 | 11.35 | 61% | 11.00 | 30% | 39% | 96% | 30% | 83% | 61% | 52% | 74% | 3.96 |
IN | 63 | 44 | 9.25 | 6% | 23.94 | 81% | 79% | 100% | 95% | 90% | 84% | 81% | 97% | 5.48 |
IT | 187 | 56 | 15.47 | 34% | 8.34 | 60% | 48% | 91% | 35% | 76% | 50% | 70% | 70% | 3.93 |
MX | 31 | 19 | 10.97 | 10% | 10.16 | 52% | 68% | 97% | 42% | 39% | 87% | 90% | 81% | 4.35 |
NL | 31 | 22 | 9.06 | 16% | 20.87 | 81% | 39% | 81% | 61% | 35% | 68% | 84% | 87% | 4.16 |
PE | 23 | 15 | 14.52 | 9% | 12.96 | 43% | 57% | 96% | 48% | 4% | 91% | 78% | 48% | 3.65 |
PT | 50 | 27 | 12.46 | 42% | 12.18 | 58% | 68% | 100% | 38% | 80% | 68% | 78% | 84% | 4.48 |
Statistical analysis
Results
Standard existence and compliance with VAP prevention measures
Existence of VAP surveillance system and compliance with VAP prevention measures
Results of statistical analysis at the individual level
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Logistic regression VAP measure 1 | Logistic regression VAP measure 2 | Logistic regression VAP measure 3 | Logistic regression VAP measure 4 | Logistic regression VAP measure 5 | Logistic regression VAP measure 6 | Linear regression VAP measures 1-6 | |
Availability of VAP guidelines on ICU level | 1.803 | 2.721***
| 2.137***
| 1.336*
| 1.456*
| 2.847***
| 0.573***
|
Existence of VAP surveillance system on ICU level | 1.722 | 1.320*
| 1.434**
| 1.001 | 1.403*
| 1.908***
| 0.244***
|
Years of experience in critical care | 1.037 | 1.004 | 0.992 | 1.018*
| 0.996 | 1.032***
| 0.00594*
|
Female sex | 0.874 | 0.919 | 1.303 | 0.677**
| 0.987 | 1.095 | -0.0329 |
Number of beds in ICU | 0.987 | 0.996 | 1.022*
| 1.013 | 0.992 | 1.009 | 0.00316 |
ES | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
AR | 2.747**
| 0.189***
| 3.179 | 0.265**
| 0.617 | -0.0933 | |
AT | 0.681 | 1.687*
| 0.0842***
| 1.328 | 3.800*
| 1.421 | -0.147 |
AU | 2.333 | 0.0592***
| 0.173***
| 3.397 | -0.222 | ||
BE | 1.685 | 0.693 | 0.0783***
| 2.809 | 2.948 | -0.126 | |
BR | 3.506**
| 0.339 | 1.367 | 0.119***
| 0.267**
| -0.293 | |
CH | 0.720 | 3.963***
| 0.204**
| 0.531 | 0.517 | 3.690 | 0.146 |
CO | 0.669 | 1.924 | 0.343 | 0.582 | 0.254**
| 6.657 | -0.00351 |
DE | 0.851 | 1.982*
| 0.0889***
| 0.885 | 5.765 | 1.061 | -0.108 |
FR | 0.704 | 0.426***
| 0.0958***
| 0.190***
| 0.803 | 4.085***
| -0.598***
|
GB | 1.329 | 6.824***
| 0.563 | 0.0735***
| 0.531 | 1.329 | -0.0721 |
GR | 0.694 | 1.062 | 0.462 | 0.168***
| 0.101***
| 0.955 | -0.704**
|
IN | 30.52***
| 0.490 | 0.356*
| 0.314*
| 4.880*
| 0.382***
| |
IT | 0.222* | 0.908 | 0.291***
| 0.0844***
| 0.189***
| 0.491**
| -0.953***
|
MX | 0.650 | 1.277 | 0.0506***
| 0.584 | 0.734 | 1.027 | -0.509**
|
NL | 0.108** | 2.493 | 0.0299***
| 0.152***
| 0.435 | 1.482 | -0.818**
|
PE | 0.506 | 1.846 | 0.00364***
| 0.839 | 0.313*
| 0.198**
| -1.168***
|
PT | 1.024 | 0.301**
| 0.193***
| 0.278**
| 1.164 | -0.425**
| |
Constant | 4.309***
| ||||||
N
| 1270 | 1668 | 1676 | 1670 | 1621 | 1641 | 1730 |