Background
Methods
Study cohort
Assessment of ALDH1 expression
Statistical analysis
Results
ALDH1 expression in patient cohort
Characteristic | Patients < 65 years | Patients > 65 years | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ALDH1 negative | ALDH1 positive | ALDH1 negative | ALDH1 positive | |||||||
N | % | N | % | P | N | % | N | % | P | |
Grade
| 0.02 | 0.79 | ||||||||
I | 19 | 17.3 | 18 | 8.5 | 11 | 12.9 | 13 | 16.2 | ||
II | 58 | 52.7 | 103 | 48.6 | 44 | 51.8 | 38 | 47.5 | ||
III | 33 | 30.0 | 91 | 42.9 | 30 | 35.3 | 29 | 36.2 | ||
Histological type
| 0.42 | 0.20 | ||||||||
Ductal | 103 | 92.8 | 191 | 90.1 | 72 | 84.7 | 73 | 91.2 | ||
Lobular | 8 | 7.2 | 21 | 9.9 | 13 | 15.3 | 7 | 8.7 | ||
Tumor size
| 0.34 | 0.55 | ||||||||
T1 | 45 | 40.2 | 74 | 36.1 | 27 | 31.0 | 24 | 31.6 | ||
T2 | 57 | 50.9 | 101 | 49.3 | 48 | 55.2 | 37 | 48.7 | ||
T3/4 | 10 | 8.9 | 30 | 14.6 | 12 | 13.8 | 15 | 19.7 | ||
Nodal status
| 0.02 | 0.71 | ||||||||
Negative | 69 | 62.2 | 101 | 47.9 | 46 | 56.1 | 46 | 59.0 | ||
Positive | 42 | 37.8 | 110 | 52.1 | 36 | 43.9 | 32 | 41.0 | ||
ER status
| 0.61 | 0.01 | ||||||||
Negative | 43 | 41.0 | 91 | 44.0 | 16 | 19.0 | 30 | 38.0 | ||
Positive | 62 | 59.0 | 116 | 56.0 | 68 | 81.0 | 49 | 62.0 | ||
PgR status
| 0.77 | 0.08 | ||||||||
Negative | 48 | 47.1 | 84 | 40.6 | 26 | 31.3 | 35 | 44.9 | ||
Positive | 54 | 52.9 | 123 | 59.4 | 57 | 68.7 | 43 | 55.1 | ||
HER2 status
| 0.99 | 0.80 | ||||||||
Negative | 67 | 87.0 | 153 | 86.9 | 61 | 93.8 | 64 | 92.8 | ||
Positive | 10 | 13.0 | 23 | 13.1 | 4 | 6.2 | 5 | 7.2 |
Impact of ALDH1 on survival
Characteristic | Patients < 65 years | Patients > 65 years | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Univariate analysis | Multivariable analysis | Univariate analysis | Multivariable analysis | |||||||||||
N | HR | 95% CI |
P
| HR | 95% CI |
P
| N | HR | 95% CI |
P
| HR | 95% CI |
P
| |
Age
| .74 | |||||||||||||
< 40 | 33 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||||
40-50 | 98 | 1.10 | 0.62-1.96 | 0 | ||||||||||
50-60 | 101 | 1.29 | 0.73-2.29 | 0 | ||||||||||
> 60 | 44 | 1.29 | 0.66-2.52 | 154 | ||||||||||
Grade
| .03 | 0.21 | .01 | .29 | ||||||||||
I | 31 | 1 | 1 | 24 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
II | 131 | 1.45 | 0.76-2.75 | 1.06 | 0.40-2.78 | 74 | 1.73 | 0.66-4.58 | 1.30 | 0.48-3.58 | ||||
III | 75 | 2.17 | 1.12-4.20 | 1.54 | 0.58-4.11 | 44 | 3.66 | 1.39-9.61 | 2.01 | 0.70-5.75 | ||||
Histological type
| .54 | .53 | ||||||||||||
Ductal | 223 | 1 | 124 | 1 | ||||||||||
Other | 15 | 1.24 | 0.63-2.45 | 18 | 0.74 | 0.30-1.87 | ||||||||
Tumor stage
| < .001 | 0.05 | .03 | .90 | ||||||||||
pT1 | 137 | 1 | 1 | 59 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
pT2 | 109 | 1.66 | 1.16-2.37 | 1.60 | 1.01-2.55 | 71 | 2.23 | 1.22-4.09 | 1.16 | 0.56-2.40 | ||||
pT3/4 | 22 | 2.73 | 1.57-4.76 | 2.04 | 1.07-3.88 | 18 | 2.11 | 0.82-5.45 | 1.23 | 0.42-3.63 | ||||
Nodal stage
| < .001 | < 0.001 | < .001 | < .001 | ||||||||||
Negative | 204 | 1 | 1 | 109 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Positive | 69 | 4.25 | 3.02-5.99 | 4.44 | 2.89-6.82 | 36 | 3.94 | 2.28-6.82 | 3.33 | 1.77-6.24 | ||||
ER status
| .59 | .22 | ||||||||||||
Negative | 87 | 1 | 40 | 1 | ||||||||||
Positive | 126 | 0.90 | 0.66-1.32 | 95 | 1.53 | 0.78-2.98 | ||||||||
PgR status
| .78 | .78 | ||||||||||||
Negative | 84 | 1 | 55 | 1 | ||||||||||
Positive | 123 | 0.95 | 0.64-1.40 | 81 | 1.08 | 0.61-1.92 | ||||||||
HER2 status
| .26 | .05 | ||||||||||||
Negative | 143 | 1 | 105 | 1 | ||||||||||
Positive | 19 | 1.44 | 0.76-2.71 | 4 | 0.05 | 0.00-23.3 | ||||||||
ALDH1 status
| .01 | 0.02 | .14 | |||||||||||
Negative | 77 | 1 | 1 | 63 | 1 | |||||||||
Positive | 116 | 1.75 | 1.14-2.68 | 1.71 | 1.09-2.68 | 61 | 0.64 | 0.35-1.16 |
Characteristic | Patients < 65 years | Patients > 65 years | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Univariate analysis | Multivariable analysis | Univariate analysis | Multivariable analysis | |||||||||||
N | RER | 95% CI |
P
| RER | 95% CI |
P
| N | RER | 95% CI |
P
| RER | 95% CI |
P
| |
Age
| .06 | .10 | ||||||||||||
< 40 | 33 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||||||
40-50 | 98 | 1.03 | 0.51-2.08 | 0.69 | 0.21-2.24 | 0 | ||||||||
50-60 | 101 | 1.52 | 0.76-3.03 | 1.38 | 0.46-5.18 | 0 | ||||||||
> 60 | 44 | 2.16 | 0.99-4.66 | 1.93 | 0.56-6.57 | 154 | ||||||||
Grade
| .03 | .95 | .34 | |||||||||||
I | 31 | 1 | 1 | 24 | 1 | |||||||||
II | 131 | 2.23 | 0.80-6.28 | 1.24 | 0.31-5.03 | 74 | 3.10 | 0.43-22.4 | ||||||
III | 75 | 3.48 | 1.22-9.94 | 1.27 | 0.30-5.45 | 44 | 4.23 | 0.56-31.8 | ||||||
Histological type
| .80 | .37 | ||||||||||||
Ductal | 223 | 1 | 124 | 1 | ||||||||||
Other | 15 | 1.12 | 0.46-2.71 | 18 | 1.49 | 0.62-3.61 | ||||||||
Tumor stage
| < .001 | .33 | .01 | .09 | ||||||||||
pT1 | 137 | 1 | 1 | 59 | 1 | 1.00 | ||||||||
pT2 | 109 | 2.67 | 1.41-3.64 | 1.42 | 0.73-2.76 | 71 | 5.47 | 0.83-35.9 | 4.26 | 0.71-25.4 | ||||
pT3/4 | 22 | 4.26 | 2.29-7.94 | 1.79 | 0.81-3.95 | 18 | 13.2 | 1.90-92.1 | 7.90 | 1.18-52.9 | ||||
Nodal stage
| < .001 | < .001 | .02 | .43 | ||||||||||
Negative | 204 | 1 | 1 | 109 | 1 | 1.00 | ||||||||
Positive | 69 | 5.03 | 3.32-7.62 | 5.82 | 3.16-10.7 | 36 | 2.76 | 1.20-6.35 | 1.48 | 0.56-3.92 | ||||
ER status
| .11 | .91 | ||||||||||||
Negative | 87 | 1 | 40 | 1 | ||||||||||
Positive | 126 | 0.70 | 0.45-1.09 | 95 | 0.95 | 0.42-2.17 | ||||||||
PgR status
| .25 | .58 | ||||||||||||
Negative | 84 | 1 | 55 | 1 | ||||||||||
Positive | 123 | 0.77 | 0.49-1.21 | 81 | 0.80 | 0.36-1.77 | ||||||||
HER2 status
| .19 | .89 | ||||||||||||
Negative | 143 | 1 | 105 | 1 | ||||||||||
Positive | 19 | 1.57 | 0.80-3.09 | 4 | 0.85 | 0.09-8.40 | ||||||||
ALDH1 status
| .008 | .02 | .35 | |||||||||||
Negative | 77 | 1 | 1 | 63 | 1 | |||||||||
Positive | 116 | 2.12 | 1.22-3.68 | 2.36 | 1.17-4.73 | 61 | 0.68 | 0.30-1.53 |