Background
Cognitive Therapy and Exposure for Anxiety Disorders
Methods
Selection of studies
Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
Individual study results
Combination of study results
Publication bias
Results
Selection results
General study characteristics
Studies of Cognitive Therapy versus Exposure in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Studies of Cognitive Therapy versus Exposure in Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Studies of Cognitive Therapy versus Exposure in Panic Disorder with or without Agoraphobia
Studies of Cognitive Therapy versus Exposure in Social Phobia
Meta-analyses
Meta-analysis of Cognitive Therapy versus Exposure Efficacy in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Short-term outcomes
Study | Main OM | Pre-treatment | End of Treatment | Longest follow up | Longest follow up | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CT | E | CT | E | (weeks) | CT | E | ||
Van Balkom 1998 | Y-BOCS | 25.0(6.6) | 24.7 (7.7) | 13.5 (9.7) | 17.1 (8.4) | 26 | 11.0 (7.5) | 11.1 (7.1) |
Van Oppen 1995 | Y-BOCS | 24.1 (5.5) | 25.4 (7.0) | 13.3 (8.5) | 17.3 (8.3) | NA | NA | NA |
Cottraux 2001 | Y-BOCS | 28.6 (5.1) | 28.5 (4.9) | 12.5 (8.2) | 12.1 (7.8) | 52 | 13.6 (8.8) | 17.4 (8.5) |
McLean 2001 | Y-BOCS | 21.9 (5.8) | 21.8 (4.6) | 16.1 (6.7) | 13.2 (7.2) | 104 | 17.3 (8.4) | 12.8 (7.2) |
Whittal 2005 | Y-BOCS | 23.50 (4.3) | 21.66 (5.9) | 10.6 (7.1) | 10.4 (7.6) | 104 | 10.3 (6.2) | 11.2 (8.8) |
Long-term outcomes
Meta-analysis of Cognitive Therapy versus Exposure Efficacy in Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Short-term outcomes
Study | Main OM | Pre-treatment | End of Treatment | Longest follow up | Longest follow up | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CT | E | CT | E | (weeks) | CT | E | ||
Terrier 1999 | CAPS | 76.93 (15.4) | 71.76 (19.59) | 50.82 (23.99) | 48.24 (30.25) | 52 | 52.48 (24.09) | 45.16 (28.26) |
Marks 1998 (reported in Lovell et al 2001) | CAPS | 74.7 (18.1) | 61.9 (15.7) | 39.5 (23.7) | 31.5 (30.7) | 26 | 29.4 (18.7) | 14.3 (16.2) |
Resick 2008 | CAPS | 73.87 (21.04) | 70.38 18.65 | 31.32 (37.00) | 44.76 31.55 | 26 | 31.03 (27.57) | 35.90 (27.09) |
Foa 1991 | PTSD severity | 24.3 (6.1) | 25.01 (4.64) | 9.89 (4.2) | 13.56 (10) | 12 | 12.33 (9.59) | 10.44 (8.22) |
Foa 1999 | PSS-I | 29.42 (8.69) | 29.48 (9.94) | 12.89 (8.96) | 11.7 (7.32) | 52 | 12.64 (14.71) | 10.69 (8.96) |
Long-term outcomes
Meta-analysis of Cognitive Therapy versus Exposure Efficacy in Panic Disorder with or without Agoraphobia
Short-term outcomes
Study | Main OM | Pre-treatment | End of Treatment | Longest follow up | Longest follow up | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CT | E | CT | E | (weeks) | CT | E | ||
Arntz 2002 | Panic free | 0 | 0 | 69% | 63% | 26 | 75% | 71% |
Bouchard 1996 | Panic free | 0 | 0 | 64% | 79% | 26 | 43% | 71% |
Marchant 2008 | Panic free | 0 | 0 | 79% | 90% | 52 | 59% | 82% |
Salkovskis 2007 | Panic free | 0 | 0 | 63% | 13% | NA | NA | NA |
Williams and Falbo 1996 | Panic free | 0 | 0 | 57% | 58% | 104 | 50% | 80% |
Clark 1994 | Panic free | 0 | 0 | 90% | 50% | 64 | 85% | 47% |
Arntz and van den Hout 1995 | Panic free | 0 | 0 | 78% | 50% | 26 | 78% | 50 % |
Long-term outcomes
Meta-analysis of Cognitive Therapy Efficacy versus Exposure in Social Phobia
Short-term outcomes
Study | Effect size | End of Treatment | Longest follow | Longest follow up up (weeks) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CT v E (SE) | 95% CI | (weeks) | CT v E (SE) | 95% CI | ||
Clark 2003 | Hedge's g | -0.87 (0.33) | (-1.52) - (-0.22) | 52 | NA | NA |
Clark 2006 | Hedge's g | -1.01 (0.33) | (-1.65) - (-0.36) | 52 | -0.85 (0.32) | (-1.48) - (-0.22) |
Hofmann 2004 | Hedge's g | -0.28 (0.26) | (-0.79) - 0.23 | 26 | -0.7 (0.34) | (-1.37) - (-0.03) |