Background
Methods
Study participants
Marker measurements
Statistical analysis
Results
Age-related characteristics and parameters
Marker | Age (years) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
20–29 (n = 124) | 30–39 (n = 141) | 40–49 (n = 238) | 50–59 (n = 229) | 60–69 (n = 133) | ≥70 (n = 26) | |
Height (cm)
| 158 ± 5.6b
| 157 ± 5.3b
| 155 ± 5.1 | 154 ± 4.6 | 151 ± 5.0 | 152 ± 4.6 |
Weight (kg)
| 50.1 ± 6.5b
| 54.3 ± 7.4 | 57.5 ± 8.1 | 56.1 ± 8.5 | 54.5 ± 8.7 | 54.4 ± 9.3 |
BMI (kg/m
2
)
| 20.2 ± 2.3b
| 22.0 ± 2.5b
| 23.9 ± 3.0 | 23.7 ± 3.3 | 23.7 ± 3.2 | 23.7 ± 3.7 |
MSU-Cr (mmol/L)
| 11.4 ± 5.1b
| 11.0 ± 5.0b
| 8.8 ± 4.7 | 7.7 ± 4.3 | 7.8 ± 4.4 | 8.9 ± 5.2 |
BAP (U/L)
a
| 16.0 ± 1.3 | 15.5 ± 1.4 | 22.0 ± 1.5c
| 32.1 ± 1.4d
| 29.1 ± 1.4 | 25.5 ± 1.4 |
OC (μg/L)
a
| 7.3 ± 1.5 | 4.7 ± 1.6 | 5.7 ± 1.8c
| 10.6 ± 1.6d
| 10.4 ± 1.6 | 10.2 ± 1.4 |
sNTX (nmol/L)
a
| 13.9 ± 1.3 | 13.0 ± 1.3 | 13.2 ± 1.5 | 16.2 ± 1.5d
| 18.0 ± 1.5 | 19.0 ± 1.3 |
sCTX (mg/L)
a
| 3.7 ± 1.4 | 2.4 ± 1.6 | 2.6 ± 1.9 | 4.1 ± 1.6d
| 4.1 ± 1.6 | 4.9 ± 1.6 |
uNTX (nM BCE/mM Cr)
a
| 33.3 ± 1.6 | 24.6 ± 1.7 | 33.3 ± 2.2c
| 60.3 ± 2.2d
| 49.8 ± 2.2 | 36.4 ± 1.9 |
uCTX (μg/mM Cr)
a
| 167 ± 1.7 | 85.1 ± 3.0 | 117 ± 2.6c
| 244 ± 2.2d
| 235 ± 2.1 | 193 ± 2.1 |
uDPD (nM/mM Cr)
a
| 6.1 ± 1.4 | 4.2 ± 1.8 | 5.0 ± 1.8c
| 6.3 ± 1.6d
| 6.1 ± 1.7 | 5.9 ± 1.6 |
PA T-score
| 0.0 ± 0.8 | 0.1 ± 0.9 | −0.2 ± 1.1 | −1.2 ± 1.1d
| −2.0 ± 1.0e
| −2.1 ± 1.0e
|
FN T-score
| −0.1 ± 1.1 | −0.1 ± 1.2 | −0.2 ± 1.2 | −1.1 ± 1.2d
| −2.0 ± 1.0e
| −2.4 ± 1.0e
|
Hip T-score
| 0.1 ± 0.9 | 0.1 ± 0.9 | 0.0 ± 1.0 | −0.7 ± 0.9d
| −1.5 ± 0.8e
| −1.8 ± 1.0e
|
Correlation between markers and BMD
Marker | Premenopausal | Postmenopausal | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PA-BMD | FN-BMD | Hip-BMD | PA-BMD | FN-BMD | Hip-BMD | |
BAP
| −0.35* | −0.16▲
| −0.21* | −0.30* | −0.01 | −0.05 |
OC
| −0.27* | −0.11▲
| −0.12▲
| −0.30* | −0.19▲
| −0.22* |
sNTX
| −0.15▲
| −0.11▲
| −0.08 | −0.02 | −0.06 | −0.08 |
sCTX
| −0.20* | −0.14▲
| −0.07 | −0.23* | −0.10 | −0.10 |
uNTX
| −0.05 | −0.06 | −0.10 | −0.09 | 0.02 | −0.01 |
uCTX
| −0.16▲
| −0.08 | −0.07 | −0.14▲
| −0.01 | −0.06 |
uDPD
| −0.10 | −0.05 | −0.03 | −0.05 | 0.10 | 0.04 |
Association between markers and T-scores
Independent | PA T-score | FN T-score | Hip T-score | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β
| Adjusted R
2C (%) |
β
| Adjusted R
2C (%) |
β
| Adjusted R
2C (%) | |
BAP
| −0.39* | 33.1 | −0.20* | 2.8 | −0.22* | 3.3 |
OC
| −0.34* | 7.8 | −0.35* | 20.4 | −0.35* | 21.9 |
sNTX
| ―▲
| ―▲
| −0.10* | 0.7 | −0.08* | 0.4 |
sCTX
| ―▲
| ―▲
| ―▲
| ―▲
| ―▲
| ―▲
|
uNTX
| ―▲
| ―▲
| ―▲
| ―▲
| ―▲
| ―▲
|
uCTX
| ―▲
| ―▲
| ―▲
| ―▲
| ―▲
| ―▲
|
uDPD
| ―▲
| ―▲
| 0.11* | 0.8 | 0.09* | 0.5 |
Relationship between markers and the risk of osteoporosis
*Q4/Q1▲
| *Q3/Q1▲
| *Q4/Q2▲
| *Q3/Q2▲
| |
---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
BAP categories
| ||||
PA
| 13 (6.4–19) | 7.8 (3.5–16) | 4.1 (2.2–7.6) | 1.9 (1.0–3.7) |
FN
| 4.8 (3.3–14) | 5.9 (2.2–15) | 2.9 (1.6–5.3) | 1.6 (0.8–3.0) |
OC categories
| ||||
PA
| 11 (6.1–18) | 5.8 (1.9–13) | 6.2 (4.1–17) | 3.2 (1.2–8.2) |
FN
| 7.8 (4.9–15) | 3.9 (2.6–10) | 5.3 (3.2–16) | 3.7 (1.6–8.9) |
sNTX categories
| ||||
PA
| 4.5 (2.2–8.9) | 2.3 (1.1–4.9) | 7.2 (3.2–16) | 3.7 (1.6–8.9) |
FN
| 3.5 (1.7–7.0) | 2.4 (1.2–5.2) | 2.7 (1.4–5.2) | 1.9 (1.0–3.7) |
sCTX categories
| ||||
PA
| 6.7 (4.6–18) | 3.4 (1.1–11) | 3.1 (1.7–5.8) | 0.8 (0.4–1.7) |
FN
| 5.8 (2.6–13) | 1.8 (0.7–4.4) | 3.5 (1.8–6.9) | 1.1 (0.5–2.4) |
uNTX categories
| ||||
PA
| 8.9 (3.8–16) | 4.9 (2.4–14) | 5.1 (2.6–12) | 4.0 (1.7–9.6) |
FN
| 4.0 (1.8–9.1) | 3.3 (1.5–7.7) | 2.9 (1.4–5.9) | 2.4 (1.1–5.0) |
uCTX categories
| ||||
PA
| 8.4 (3.4–15) | 4.4 (1.6–12) | 4.9 (2.3–10) | 2.4 (1.1–5.4) |
FN
| 4.8 (2.1–11) | 3.7 (1.5–8.8) | 3.3 (1.6–7.1) | 2.5 (1.2–5.5) |
uDPD categories
| ||||
PA
| 3.2 (1.6–6.6) | 1.8 (0.8–3.9) | 1.8 (1.0–3.3) | 1.0 (0.5–1.9) |
FN
| 1.8 (0.9–3.4) | 1.1 (0.6–2.3) | 1.4 (0.8–2.6) | 0.9 (0.5–1.7) |