Background
Methods
Study population
Variables included in the analysis
Exposure variables
Outcome variables
Potential confounders
Statistical analysis
Results
Description of the study population
Number of steps of change in SRH in the period from 1993 to 1999 | Changes in SRH from 1993 to 1999 | N | Percent (%) |
---|---|---|---|
-4 | From very good SRH in 1993 to very poor SRH in 1999 | 2 | 0.01 |
-3 | From very good SRH in 1993 to poorly SRH in 1999 | 36 | 0.3 |
From good SRH in 1993 to very poor SRH in 1999 | |||
-2 | From very good SRH in 1993 to fair SRH in 1999 | 317 | 2.3 |
From good SRH in 1993 to poor SRH in 1999 | |||
From fair SRH in 1993 to very poor SRH in 1999 | |||
-1 | From very good SRH in 1993 to good SRH in 1999 | 2790 | 20.3 |
From good SRH in 1993 to fair SRH in 1999 | |||
From fair SRH in 1993 to poor SRH in 1999 | |||
From poor SRH in 1993 to very poor SRH in 1999 | |||
0 | No change in SRH | 8102 | 59.2 |
1 | From good SRH in 1993 to good very SRH in 1999 | 2266 | 16.5 |
From fair SRH in 1993 to very poor SRH in 1999 | |||
From poor SRH in 1993 to fair SRH in 1999 | |||
From very poor SRH in 1993 to poor SRH in 1999 | |||
2 | From fair SRH in 1993 to very good SRH in 1999 | 155 | 1.1 |
From poor SRH in 1993 to good SRH in 1999 | |||
From very poor SRH in 1993 to fair SRH in 1999 | |||
3 | From poor SRH in 1993 to very good SRH in 1999 | 15 | 0.1 |
From very poor SRH in 1993 to good SRH in 1999 | |||
4 | From very poor SRH in 1993 to very good SRH in 1999 | 1 | 0.01 |
Total | 13684 | 100.00 |
Baseline characteristics (1993) | Underweight women in 1993 (BMI <18.5) n = 309 | Normal weight women in 1993 (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25.0) n = 9676 | Overweight women in 1993 (BMI ≥ 25) n = 3699 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Under-weight 1999 | Normal weight 1999 | Overweight 1999 |
n
| Under-weight 1999 | Normal weight 1999 | Overweight 1999 |
n
| Under-weight 1999 | Normal weight 1999 | Overweight 1999 |
n
| |
Age
| ||||||||||||
- 49 | 38 | 62 | 0 |
106
| 1 | 79 | 20 |
3428
| 0 | 7 | 93 |
1013
|
50–54 | 49 | 51 | 0 |
67
| 1 | 82 | 17 |
2293
| 0 | 10 | 90 |
868
|
55–59 | 57 | 43 | 0 |
77
| 1 | 84 | 15 |
2039
| 1 | 9 | 90 |
907
|
60–64 | 64 | 36 | 0 |
36
| 2 | 81 | 17 |
1249
| 1 | 13 | 86 |
595
|
65–69 | 78 | 22 | 0 |
23
| 1 | 86 | 13 |
667
| 1 | 13 | 86 |
316
|
Cohabitation
| ||||||||||||
Yes | 49 | 51 | 0 |
214
| 1 | 82 | 17 |
7449
| 1 | 10 | 90 |
2813
|
No | 56 | 44 | 0 |
75
| 1 | 80 | 19 |
1886
| 1 | 11 | 88 |
750
|
Working
| ||||||||||||
Yes | 46 | 54 | 0 |
226
| 1 | 82 | 17 |
7475
| 1 | 9 | 90 |
2695
|
No | 69 | 31 | 0 |
74
| 2 | 82 | 16 |
1901
| 1 | 12 | 87 |
907
|
Smoking
| ||||||||||||
No | 49 | 51 | 0 |
109
| 1 | 82 | 17 |
5715
| 1 | 9 | 90 |
2478
|
Yes | 52 | 48 | 0 |
184
| 2 | 81 | 16 |
3522
| 1 | 12 | 87 |
1028
|
Physical activity
| ||||||||||||
Yes | 52 | 48 | 0 |
278
| 1 | 82 | 17 |
9180
| 1 | 10 | 89 |
3389
|
No | 46 | 54 | 0 |
28
| 2 | 76 | 22 |
410
| 0 | 10 | 91 |
267
|
Baseline characteristics (1993) | Self-Rated Health at base-line (N = 13684) | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Very good SRH (n = 5450) |
n
| Good SRH (n = 6146) |
n
| Fair SRH (n = 1833) |
n
| Poor SRH (n = 222) |
n
| Very poor SRH (n = 33) |
n
| ||
Age
| |||||||||||
- 49 | 40 |
2160
| 32 |
1941
| 21 |
388
| 22 |
48
| 30 |
10
|
4547
|
50–54 | 24 |
1299
| 24 |
1456
| 22 |
410
| 25 |
56
| 21 |
7
|
3228
|
55–59 | 19 |
1032
| 23 |
1385
| 29 |
520
| 35 |
77
| 27 |
9
|
3023
|
60–64 | 12 |
653
| 14 |
883
| 17 |
319
| 9 |
20
| 15 |
5
|
1880
|
65–69 | 6 |
306
| 8 |
481
| 11 |
196
|
9
|
21
| 6 |
2
|
1006
|
Self-rated health
| |||||||||||
Better (increase) | 0 |
0
| 25 |
1507
| 41 |
751
|
69
|
153
| 79 |
26
|
2437
|
Unchanged | 65 |
3543
| 58 |
3556
| 51 |
931
|
30
|
65
| 21 |
7
|
8102
|
Poorer (decrease) | 35 |
1907
| 18 |
1083
| 8 |
151
|
2
|
4
| 0 |
0
|
3145
|
Cohabitation
| |||||||||||
Yes | 82 |
4285
| 79 |
4701
| 75 |
1316
|
68
|
148
| 81 |
26
|
10476
|
No | 18 |
972
| 21 |
1223
| 26 |
440
|
32
|
70
| 19 |
6
|
2711
|
Working
| |||||||||||
Yes | 86 |
4497
| 79 |
4720
| 60 |
1067
|
46
|
100
| 38 |
12
|
10396
|
No | 14 |
789
| 21 |
1231
| 40 |
722
|
54
|
120
| 62 |
20
|
2882
|
Smoking
| |||||||||||
No | 66 |
3436
| 64 |
3737
| 57 |
997
|
56
|
118
| 44 |
14
|
8302
|
Yes | 34 |
1761
| 36 |
2121
| 43 |
742
|
44
|
92
| 56 |
18
|
4734
|
Physical activity
| |||||||||||
Yes | 97 |
5230
| 95 |
5818
| 90 |
1617
|
77
|
164
| 66 |
21
|
12847
|
No | 3 |
187
| 5 |
277
| 10 |
180
|
23
|
50
| 34 |
11
|
705
|
Association between SRH and weight changes
Changes in BMI categories from 1993 to 1999 | Underweight in 1999 (BMI <18.5 kg/m2) | Normal weight in 1999 (18.5 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 25.0 kg/m2) | Overweight in 1999 (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) |
---|---|---|---|
Underweight in 1993 (BMI <18.5 kg/m2) | 1.0 (reference) | 0.59 (0.35–0.99) | --- |
Normal weight in 1993 (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25.0 kg/m2) | 1.46 (0.93–2.29) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.18 (1.04–1.35) |
Overweight in 1993 (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) | --- | 0.96 (0.76–1.23) | 1.0 (reference) |
Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% CI for weight gain according to sub-optimal self-rated health at baseline | P-value | |
---|---|---|
Self-rated health in 1993
| <0,0019 | |
Optimal (very good or good) | 1 (reference) | |
Sub-optimal (fair, poor or very poor) | 1,29 (1,10–1,51) | |
Age
| <0,0001 | |
- 49 years | 1 (reference) | |
50–54 years | 0,84 (0,73–0,97) | 0,0141 |
55–59 years | 0,67 (0,57–0,78) | <0,0001 |
60–64 years | 0,80 (0,66–0,95) | 0,0119 |
65–69 years | 0,57 (0,44–0,73) | <0,0001 |
Living arrangement
| 0,0005 | |
Cohabiting | 1 (reference) | |
Living alone | 1,27 (1,11–1,45) | |
Use of general practitioner past 3 months
| 0,0002 | |
Less | 1 (reference) | |
More | 0,81 (0,72–0,90) |