Background
Methods
Results
Studied sample
Controls | LVNC | Chi square | |
n = 155 |
n = 100 | ||
Male | 95 (61.3%) | 56 (56.0%) | 0.401 |
Female | 60 (38.7%) | 44 (44.0%) | |
LVEF < 50% | 37 (23.9%) | 48 (48.0%) |
<0.001
|
OK | 79 (51.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
<0.001
|
LVNC | 0 (0.0%) | 100 (100.0%) | |
DCM | 27 (17.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
HCM | 33 (21.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
ARVD | 5 (3.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
HHD | 6 (3.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
MCD | 5 (3.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
Controls | LVNC | Mann-Whitney | |
n = 155 |
n = 100 | ||
Age (years) | 48.2 ± 15.4 | 45.5 ± 17.8 | 0.180 |
LA (cm2) | 26.9 ± 8.6 | 25.6 ± 6.4 | 0.333 |
RA (cm2) | 24.6 ± 7.6 | 23.1 ± 6.2 | 0.155 |
LVEDD (cm) | 5.4 ± 1.0 | 5.7 ± 0.8 |
<0.001
|
IVS (cm) | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 1.0 ± 0.2 |
0.001
|
EDV (mL) | 160.3 ± 78.7 | 169.4 ± 61.3 |
0.036
|
ESV (mL) | 79.4 ± 76.4 | 95.9 ± 69.1 |
<0.001
|
SV (mL) | 84.4 ± 45.7 | 78.5 ± 25.6 | 0.244 |
LVEF (%) | 55.3 ± 15.2 | 48.2 ± 12.7 |
<0.001
|
MM (gram) | 122.2 ± 48.5 | 106.0 ± 36.3 |
0.006
|
Late gadolinium enhancement
LVNC | NC/C > 2.3:1 | NC > 20%LV | LGE | LVEF < 50% | C | NC | NC/C | MIN EDD | MAX EDD | MaxMin EDDR | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LVNC | Rho CC | NA |
0.888
|
0.960
|
0.140
|
0.234
|
−0.668
|
0.560
|
0.795
|
−0.079
|
0.234
|
0.689
|
p |
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
0.025
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
0.206
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
| ||
MNC | Rho CC | 0.032 |
0.240
| NA | 0.066 | 0.114 |
−0.258
|
0.496
|
0.575
| 0.032 | 0.061 | 0.093 |
p | 0.690 |
0.003
| 0.414 | 0.156 |
0.001
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
| 0.693 | 0.454 | 0.249 | ||
Age (years) | Rho CC | −0.094 | −0.038 | −0.095 |
0.137
| 0.110 | 0.118 | 0.061 | −0.053 | 0.115 | 0.100 | −0.087 |
p | 0.136 | 0.544 | 0.132 |
0.029
| 0.080 | 0.060 | 0.333 | 0.395 | 0.066 | 0.110 | 0.168 | |
LA (cm2) | Rho CC | −0.063 | −0.087 | −0.060 |
0.143
|
0.275
|
0.210
| 0.075 | −0.085 |
0.522
|
0.506
| −0.070 |
p | 0.314 | 0.165 | 0.338 |
0.023
|
<0.001
|
0.001
| 0.233 | 0.176 |
<0.001
|
<0.001
| 0.268 | |
EDV (mL) | Rho CC |
0.128
| 0.074 |
0.130
|
0.173
|
0.426
| 0.058 |
0.188
| 0.082 |
0.729
|
0.750
| 0.008 |
p |
0.042
| 0.238 |
0.039
|
0.006
|
<0.001
| 0.359 |
0.003
| 0.192 |
<0.001
|
<0.001
| 0.905 | |
ESV (mL) | Rho CC |
0.255
|
0.210
|
0.265
|
0.224
|
0.666
| −0.041 |
0.294
|
0.218
|
0.685
|
0.726
| 0.059 |
p |
<0.001
|
0.001
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
| 0.512 |
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
| 0.344 | |
LVEDD (cm) | Rho CC |
0.209
|
0.182
|
0.226
|
0.206
|
0.520
| 0.006 |
0.318
|
0.196
|
0.656
|
0.689
| 0.043 |
p |
0.001
|
0.004
|
<0.001
|
0.001
|
<0.001
| 0.930 |
<0.001
|
0.002
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
| 0.491 | |
IVS (cm) | Rho CC |
−0.196
|
−0.169
|
−0.220
|
0.262
| 0.057 |
0.377
| −0.026 |
−0.251
|
0.202
|
0.130
|
−0.137
|
p |
0.002
|
0.007
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
| 0.369 |
<0.001
| 0.676 |
<0.001
|
0.001
|
0.037
|
0.029
| |
LVEF | Rho CC |
−0.313
|
−0.309
|
−0.332
|
−0.301
|
−0.809
|
0.154
|
−0.330
|
−0.311
|
−0.507
|
−0.570
| −0.117 |
p |
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
0.014
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
| 0.062 | |
MM (gram) | Rho CC |
−0.157
|
−0.190
|
−0.168
|
0.202
|
0.253
|
0.395
| 0.025 |
−0.222
|
0.554
|
0.498
|
−0.144
|
p |
0.012
|
0.002
|
0.007
|
0.001
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
| 0.687 |
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
|
0.021
|
No LGE | LGE | Chi square | No LGE | Focal MV | Linear MV | Diffuse | Kruskal Wallis | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |||
Male | 64 (52.5%) | 87 (65.4%) |
0.031
| 64 (52.5%) | 27 (77.1%) | 49 (59.0%) | 11 (73.3%) |
0.038
|
Female | 58 (47.5%) | 46 (34.6%) | 58 (47.5%) | 8 (22.9%) | 34 (41.0%) | 4 (26.7%) | ||
OK | 67 (54.9%) | 12 (9.0%) |
<0.001
| 67 (54.9%) | 3 (8.6%) | 7 (8.4%) | 2 (13.3%) |
<0.001
|
LVNC | 40 (32.8%) | 60 (45.1%) | 40 (32.8%) | 4 (11.4%) | 52 (62.7%) | 4 (26.7%) | ||
DCM | 4 (3.3%) | 23 (17.3%) | 4 (3.3%) | 3 (8.6%) | 18 (21.7%) | 2 (13.3%) | ||
HCM | 2 (1.6%) | 31 (23.3%) | 2 (1.6%) | 22 (62.9%) | 3 (3.6%) | 6 (40.0%) | ||
ARVD | 4 (3.3%) | 1 (0.8%) | 4 (3.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||
HHD | 4 (3.3%) | 2 (1.5%) | 4 (3.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (2.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||
MCD | 1 (0.8%) | 4 (3.0%) | 1 (0.8%) | 3 (8.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (6.7%) | ||
LVEF < 50% | 20 (16.4%) | 65 (48.9%) |
<0.001
| 20 (16.4%) | 13 (37.1%) | 48 (57.8%) | 4 (26.7%) |
<0.001
|
NC:C > 2.3:1 | 40 (32.8%) | 67 (50.4%) |
0.005
| 40 (32.8%) | 6 (17.1%) | 56 (67.5%) | 5 (33.3%) |
<0.001
|
LVNC | 40 (32.8%) | 60 (45.1%) |
<0.001
| 40 (32.8%) | 4 (11.4%) | 52 (63.9%) | 4 (26.7%) |
<0.001
|
MNC | 27 (32.9%) | 29 (39.7%) | 0.410 | 27 (32.9%) | 10 (32.3%) | 14 (45.2%) | 5 (45.5%) | 0.560 |
MCE | 26 (21.3%) | 59 (44.4%) |
<0.001
| 26 (21.3%) | 17 (48.6%) | 33 (39.8%) | 9 (60.0%) |
0.001
|
NC > 20%LV | 39 (32.0%) | 59 (44.4%) |
0.047
| 39 (32.0%) | 3 (8.6%) | 52 (62.7%) | 4 (26.7%) |
<0.001
|
No LGE | LGE | Mann-Whitney | No LGE | Focal MV | Linear MV | Diffuse | Kruskal Wallis | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |||
Age (years) | 44.9 ± 15.3 | 49.1 ± 17.2 |
0.029
| 44.9 ± 15.3 | 50.8 ± 16.8 | 49.0 ± 17.7 | 46.1 ± 16.3 |
<0.001
|
LVEDD (cm) | 5.31 ± 0.66 | 5.73 ± 1.06 |
0.001
| 5.31 ± 0.66 | 5.39 ± 0.83 | 5.95 ± 1.09 | 5.33 ± 1.09 | 0.124 |
IVS (cm) | 0.98 ± 0.17 | 1.19 ± 0.43 |
<0.001
| 0.98 ± 0.17 | 1.50 ± 0.55 | 1.04 ± 0.22 | 1.35 ± 0.57 |
<0.001
|
RV (cm) | 3.71 ± 0.68 | 3.58 ± 0.79 | 0.230 | 3.71 ± 0.68 | 3.68 ± 0.69 | 3.57 ± 0.84 | 3.43 ± 0.70 | 0.424 |
LA (cm2) | 24.88 ± 5.89 | 27.89 ± 8.95 |
0.023
| 24.88 ± 5.89 | 28.11 ± 7.21 | 28.06 ± 9.78 | 26.40 ± 8.10 | 0.105 |
RA (cm2) | 22.82 ± 6.21 | 25.14 ± 7.68 |
0.016
| 22.82 ± 6.21 | 25.09 ± 6.57 | 25.23 ± 7.83 | 24.80 ± 9.57 | 0.064 |
EDV (mL) | 149.4 ± 45.4 | 177.5 ± 88.5 |
0.006
| 149.4 ± 45.4 | 156.9 ± 50.3 | 190.4 ± 103.2 | 153.1 ± 47.8 |
0.014
|
ESV (mL) | 66.4 ± 32.5 | 103.9 ± 94.2 |
<0.001
| 66.4 ± 32.5 | 79.4 ± 52.3 | 120.8 ± 110.0 | 67.3 ± 39.1 |
<0.001
|
SV (mL) | 88.1 ± 49.6 | 76.6 ± 25.4 |
0.008
| 88.1 ± 49.6 | 77.0 ± 21.6 | 74.7 ± 26.6 | 85.8 ± 26.0 |
0.020
|
LVEF (%) | 57.1 ± 8.8 | 48.2 ± 17.4 |
<0.001
| 57.1 ± 8.8 | 53.3 ± 17.5 | 44.4 ± 16.6 | 57.6 ± 16.0 |
<0.001
|
MM (gram) | 105.8 ± 32.7 | 125.2 ± 51.9 |
0.001
| 105.8 ± 32.7 | 139.2 ± 38.0 | 119.5 ± 57.3 | 125.2 ± 44.1 |
<0.001
|
C- thickness (cm) | 0.65 ± 0.20 | 0.67 ± 0.24 | 0.853 | 0.65 ± 0.20 | 0.84 ± 0.24 | 0.59 ± 0.21 | 0.73 ± 0.23 |
<0.001
|
NC- thickness (cm) | 1.10 ± 0.46 | 1.18 ± 0.48 |
0.025
| 1.10 ± 0.46 | 0.96 ± 0.51 | 1.31 ± 0.42 | 1.01 ± 0.53 |
<0.001
|
NC to C ratio | 1.99 ± 1.29 | 2.14 ± 1.20 | 0.127 | 1.99 ± 1.29 | 1.30 ± 0.85 | 2.58 ± 1.09 | 1.65 ± 1.27 |
<0.001
|
Minimal MA EDD (cm) | 5.16 ± 0.66 | 5.43 ± 1.02 |
0.040
| 5.16 ± 0.66 | 5.19 ± 0.83 | 5.56 ± 1.14 | 5.25 ± 0.39 | 0.130 |
Maximal MA EDD (cm) | 5.63 ± 0.75 | 6.04 ± 1.06 |
<0.001
| 5.63 ± 0.75 | 5.68 ± 0.69 | 6.24 ± 1.21 | 5.77 ± 0.48 |
<0.001
|
Max to Min EDD Ratio | 1.09 ± 0.08 | 1.12 ± 0.09 |
0.039
| 1.09 ± 0.08 | 1.10 ± 0.11 | 1.13 ± 0.08 | 1.10 ± 0.11 |
0.005
|
LV trabeculations % | 14.7 ± 11.2 | 17.4 ± 12.2 |
0.117
| 14.7 ± 11.2 | 8.2 ± 7.7 | 21.7 ± 11.7 | 13.4 ± 10.8 |
<0.001
|