Background
Methods
Survey methodology and sample collection
Strata | Total size | Sampled | Fraction (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Microscopy+/PCR− | 216 | 15 | 6.9 |
Microscopy−/PCR− | 4169 | 301 | 7.2 |
Microscopy+/PCR+ | 1695 | 89 | 5.3 |
Microscopy−/PCR+ | 1057 | 61 | 5.8 |
Total | 7137 | 466 | 6.5 |
All-Plasmodium real-time PCR assay
Speciation by BLAST
Speciation by species-specific nested PCR
Analysis
Results
Study population
All Plasmodium qPCR
Microscopy+
pfldh PCR− | Microscopy−
pfldh PCR− | Microscopy+
pfldh PCR+ | Microscopy−
pfldh PCR+ | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
All Plasmodium qPCR
| |||||
Negative | 6 | 258 | – | – | 264 |
Positive | 9 | 43 | 89 | 61 | 202 |
Species-specific PCR
| |||||
P. falciparum only | 4 | 24 | 48 | 49 | 125 |
P. malariae only | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
P. ovale only | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
P. falciparum + P. malariae
| 4 | 2 | 23 | 5 | 34 |
P. falciparum + P. ovale
| 0 | 7 | 9 | 2 | 18 |
P. falciparum + P. malariae + P. ovale
| 0 | 0 | 9 | 4 | 13 |
Mono-infections + Mixed
| |||||
P. falciparum total | 8 | 33 | 89 | 60 | 190 |
P. malariae total | 4 | 7 | 32 | 9 | 52 |
P. ovale total | 1 | 9 | 18 | 6 | 34 |
Indeterminate | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
Total | 15 | 301 | 89 | 61 | 466 |