Background
Methods
Study countries
Ethiopia | India | Nepal | Nigeria | Uganda | South Africa | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population density | 94.1 million | 1.3 billion people | 28.4 million | 180,000,000 | 34.6 million | Population: 55 million |
Government system |
Federal Democratic Republic
| Exists Democratic governance | Multiparty democracy | Democracy, with a Federation system | Democracy with a decentralized system at local government level | |
GDP | 61.54 billion current usd | $2.25 trillion nominal; 2016 | 60.4 billion dollars | 415.08 billion US dollars | $26.369 billion current usd (http://data.worldbankorg/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD?locations=UG) | Constitutional democracy with a three-tier system of government and an independent judiciary |
HDI | 0.442 | 0.609 | 0.548 | 0.504 | 0.483 | 312.8 billion USD |
MH Law | None | Present, MH Care Bill 2013 | Drafted but not yet endorsed | Draft undergoing legislative review | Yes, 1964 | Mental Health Care Act (No. 17 of 2002) |
MH policy and plan | Integrated into health plan specific National Mental Health Strategy | MH policy 2014, MH plan 365 2014 | Mental health policy 1996. There is no mental health plan. | Revised policy 2013; plan under preparation. | No, standalone (2012) | National Mental Health Policy Framework and Strategic Plan 2013–2020 |
MH Budget (USD) | Not available | Not available | Not available | No explicit MH budget | Not available | There is no specific budget for mental health at national or provincial level. Mental health services are funded out of general health budgets |
Percentage of MH budget compared to Health budget | 0.9 | 0.06% | 0.17% | 3.3% | 0.9 | Annually, 4% of the health care budget is spent on mental health |
Number of psychiatrists (/100,000 population) | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.13 | 0.1 | 0.09 | 0.28 |
Number of psychiatric nurse (/100,000 population) | 0.58 | 0.12 | 0.27 | 0.7 | 10.08 | |
Number of doctors (/100,000 population) | 0.022/1000 | 36/100,000 population (allopathic doctors) | 4.9 0.21/1000 | 0.4/1000 | 0.117 (per 1000) | 0.45 |
Number of nurses (/100,000 population) | Not available | 1010/100,000 | Not available | 1.6 | Not available | 807 nurses to 1 patient (data not available per 100,000 population) |
Number of mental hospital | 1 | 43 | 1 | 8 | 1 | 23 public mental hospitals |
Number of psychiatric department in General Hospital | 11 | 10,000 | 17 | 28 | 14 | 41 psychiatric inpatient units |
Number of General Hospital | 311 | – | Not available | 825 | 155 | 700 |
Number of psychiatric beds/100,000 population | 0.6 | 1.46 | 1. | 1.3 | 2.77 | 18.0 |
Data collection
Domain | Name/type of document | Author and year |
---|---|---|
Uganda | ||
Domain one Mental health legislation | Uganda Mental Health Treatment Act 1964 Uganda Draft Mental Health Bill (2012) | Uganda Ministry of Justice, Kampala, Uganda Uganda Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Affairs Kampala, Uganda |
Domain two Mental health policy | Uganda Mental Health Neurological and Substance Use Policy (2011) Uganda National Health Policy (2010) | Uganda Ministry of Health Kampala, Uganda Uganda Ministry of Health Kampala, Uganda |
Domain three Financing | Uganda Health Sector Strategic Plan III (2010/11–2014/15) Uganda Second National Development Plan 201011–201415/ | Uganda Ministry of Health Kampala, Uganda Uganda National Planning Authority, Kampala, Uganda |
Domain four Human resources | Uganda Health Sector Strategic Plan III (2010/11–2014/15) | Uganda Ministry of Health Kampala, Uganda |
Domain five Mental health services | Uganda Health Sector Strategic Plan III (2010/11–2014/15) Uganda Mental Health Neurological and Substance Use Policy (2011) | Uganda Ministry of Health Kampala, Uganda Uganda Ministry of Health Kampala, Uganda |
Domain six Integration of mental health into Information, education and communication systems (IEC) | Uganda Mental Health Neurological and Substance Use Policy (2011) | Uganda Ministry of Health Kampala, Uganda |
Domain seven HIV/AIDS mental health | Uganda Health Sector Strategic Plan III (2010/11–2014/15) Uganda Mental Health Neurological and Substance Use Policy (2011) | Uganda Ministry of Health Kampala, Uganda Uganda Ministry of Health Kampala, Uganda |
Domain eight Integration of mental health into general health services | Uganda Health Sector Strategic Plan III (2010/11–2014/15) | Uganda Ministry of Health Kampala, Uganda |
Domain nine Issues of equity in relation to existing policies | Uganda Ministry of Health Kampala, Uganda | Uganda Ministry of Health Kampala, Uganda |
Monitoring and evaluation ten any other documents | Uganda Ministry of Health Kampala, Uganda | Uganda Ministry of Health Kampala, Uganda |
Ethiopia | ||
Domain one Mental health legislation | National Mental Health Strategy (2011/2012–2015/2016) | Federal Ministry of Health of Ethiopia |
Domain two Mental health policy | National Mental Health Strategy (2011/2012–2015/2016) | Federal Ministry of Health of Ethiopia |
Domain three Financing | Health Sector Transformation Plan (2015/2016–2019/2020) http://hdr.undp.org/en/countries/profiles
| Federal Ministry of Health of Ethiopia |
Domain four Human resources | Health Sector Transformation Plan (2015/2016–2019/2020) National Mental Health Strategy (2011/2012–2015/2016) | Federal Ministry of Health of Ethiopia |
Domain five Mental health services | ||
Domain six Integration of mental health into Information, education and communication systems (IEC) | National Mental Health Strategy (2011/2012–2015/2016) | Federal Ministry of Health of Ethiopia |
Domain seven HIV/AIDS mental health | National Mental Health Strategy (2011/2012–2015/2016) | Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Ministry of Health. Ministry of Health, Ethiopia |
Domain eight Integration of mental health into general health services | Health Sector Transformation Plan (2015/2016–2019/2020) | Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Ministry of Health. Ministry of Health, Ethiopia |
Domain nine Issues of equity in relation to existing policies | National Mental Health Strategy 2012/13–2015/16 | Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Ministry of Health. Ministry of Health, Ethiopia |
Monitoring and evaluation ten any other documents | National Mental Health Strategy (2011/2012–2015/2016) | Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Ministry of Health. Ministry of Health, Ethiopia |
Nigeria | ||
Domain one Mental health legislation | Expert Opinions | 2015 |
Domain two Mental health policy | National Policy for Mental Service Delivery. Fedaral Ministry of Health (FMoH), Abuja, Nigeria | FMoH (2013) |
Domain three Financing | WHO-AIMS Country Report | World Health Organisation (2003), Nigeria |
Domain four Human resources | World Bank report http://data.worldbank.org/indicator
| |
Domain five Mental health services | FMoH, Hospital Services Unit and Expert Reviews | FMoH (2015) |
Domain six Integration of mental health into Information, education and communication systems (IEC) | Revised National Mental Health Policy of 2013 | FMoH (2013), Abuja Nigeria |
Domain seven HIV/AIDS mental health | Revised National Mental Health Policy of 2013 | FMoH (2013) |
Domain eight Integration of mental health into general health services | Revised National Mental Health Policy of 2013 | Revised National Mental Health Policy |
Domain nine Issues of equity in relation to existing policies | Revised National Mental Health Policy | Revised National Mental Health Policy |
Monitoring and evaluation ten any other documents | Revised National Mental Health Policy | Revised National Mental Health Policy |
South Africa | ||
Domain one Mental health legislation | National Mental Health Policy Framework and Strategic Plan | National Department of Health, South Africa (2013–2020) |
Mental Health Care Act (17 of 2002) | National Department of Health, South Africa | |
Domain two Mental health policy | National Mental Health Policy Framework and Strategic Plan | National Department of Health, South Africa (2013–2020) |
Domain three Financing | ||
Domain four Human resources | ||
WHO interactive charts: Psychiatrists and nurses working in mental health sector | 2014 | |
WHO-AIMS report on mental health system in South Africa | 2007 | |
Article-Bed/population ratios in South African public sector mental health services.
| Lund, C., Flisher A, J., Porteus K., Lee T. Bed/population ratio in South Africa Public Sector Mental Health Services. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatry Epidemiol. 2002; 37(7), 346–9 | |
Human resources for health, South Africa: HRH strategy for the health sector (2012/13–2016/17) | National Department of Health, South Africa (2011) | |
Domain five Mental health services | ||
Domain six Integration of mental health into Information, education and communication systems (IEC) | WHO-AIMS report on mental health system in South Africa | 2007 |
Article-Bed/population ratios in South African public sector mental health services.
| Lund, C., Flisher A, J., Porteus K., Lee T. Bed/population ratio in South Africa Public Sector Mental Health Services. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatry Epidemiol. 2002; 37(7), 346–9 | |
Domain seven HIV/AIDS mental health | National Mental Health Policy Framework and Strategic Plan | National Department of Health, South Africa (2013–2020) |
Domain eight Integration of mental health into general health services | National Mental Health Policy Framework and Strategic Plan | National Department of Health, South Africa (2013–2020) |
Domain nine Issues of equity in relation to existing policies | National Mental Health Policy Framework and Strategic Plan | National Department of Health, South Africa (2013–2020) |
Monitoring and evaluation ten any other documents | National Mental Health Policy Framework and Strategic Plan | National Department of Health, South Africa (2013–2020) |
India | ||
Domain one Mental health legislation | Mental Health Bill 2013 Mental Health Bill 1987 | Government of India |
Domain two Mental health policy | Mental Health Policy 2014 | Mental Health Policy Group, MOHFW |
Domain three Financing | WHO mental health financing, 2003 | Funk, M., Saraceno, B., Drew, N., Faydi., E. Integrating mental health into primary healthcare. Ment Health Fam Med. 2008 Mar; 5(1): 5–8. |
Domain four Human resources | International Minstry of Health reports | Ministry of Health |
Domain five Mental health services | ||
Domain six Integration of mental health into Information, education and communication systems (IEC) | Mental Health Plan 365 | Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (2014) |
Domain seven HIV/AIDS mental health | Mental Health Policy 2014 | Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (2014) |
Domain eight Integration of mental health into general health services | Mental Health Policy 2014 | Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (2014) |
Domain nine Issues of equity in relation to existing policies | Mental Health Policy 2014 | Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (2014) |
Monitoring and evaluation ten any other documents | Mental Health Plan 365 | Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (2014) |
Nepal | ||
Domain one Mental health legislation | Draft mental health treatment and protection act 2006. | Ministry of Health (2006) |
Domain two Mental health policy | Mental Health Policy 1996 | Ministry of Health (1996) |
Domain three Financing | Jha et al. (2009) Mental Health Service in Nepal. Journal of Nepal Medical Association: Vol. 48 No.2 Issue 174 WHO and Ministry of Health, Nepal, 2006. WHO AIMS Report on Mental Health Systems in Nepal. World Health Organization and Ministry of Health, Kathmandu, Nepal | Jha et. Al (2009) Mental Health Service in Nepal. Journal of Nepal Medical Association: Vol. 48 No.2 Issue 174 |
Domain four Human resources | WHO and Ministry of Health, Nepal, 2006. WHO AIMS Report on Mental Health Systems in Nepal. World Health Organization and Ministry of Health, Kathmandu, Nepal | WHO and Ministry of Health Nepal 2006 |
Domain five Mental health services | National Health Sector Support Program (NHSSP) II: 2010–2015.Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu, Nepal. WHO and Ministry of Health, Nepal, 2006. WHO AIMS Report on Mental Health Systems in Nepal. World Health Organization and Ministry of Health, Kathmandu, Nepal | Ministry of Health [20] |
Domain six Integration of mental health into Information, education and communication systems (IEC) | Not available | – |
Domain seven HIV/AIDS mental health | Not available | – |
Domain eight Integration of mental health into general health services | Second long term health plan (1997–2017 and National Health Sector Support Program (NHSSP) II: 2010–2015 The National Health Policy of 1991 | Ministry of Health (1997) |
Domain nine Issues of equity in relation to existing policies | Not available | |
Monitoring and evaluation ten any other documents | Department of Health Services (DoHS) annual reports, 2008/09, 2009/10, 2010/11 | Department of Health Services (DoHS) annual reports, 2008/09, 2009/10, 2010/11 |
NGO reports and informal discussion with relevant officials at the ministry of health and department of health services |