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CNS Drugs
Erschienen in: CNS Drugs 2/2004

01.02.2004 | Review Article

Drug-Induced Myoclonus

Frequency, Mechanisms and Management

verfasst von: Dr Félix Javier Jiménez-Jiménez, Inmaculada Puertas, Maria de Toledo-Heras

Erschienen in: CNS Drugs | Ausgabe 2/2004

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Abstract

Myoclonus is a sudden, abrupt, brief, ‘shock-like’ involuntary movement caused by muscular contractions (‘positive myoclonus’) or a sudden brief lapse of muscle contraction in active postural muscles (‘negative myoclonus’ or ‘asterixis’). Various disorders can cause myoclonus including neurodegenerative and systemic metabolic disorders and CNS infections. In addition, myoclonus has been described as an adverse effect of some drugs. Level II evidence is available to indicate that levodopa, cyclic antidepressants and bismuth salts can cause myoclonus, while there is less robust evidence to associate numerous other drugs with the induction of myoclonus.
The pharmacological mechanisms responsible for this adverse effect are not well established, although increased serotonergic transmission may be involved in the induction of myoclonus by several drugs. Drug-induced myoclonus usually resolves after withdrawal of the offending drug, but in some cases specific treatments are needed.
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Metadaten
Titel
Drug-Induced Myoclonus
Frequency, Mechanisms and Management
verfasst von
Dr Félix Javier Jiménez-Jiménez
Inmaculada Puertas
Maria de Toledo-Heras
Publikationsdatum
01.02.2004
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in
CNS Drugs / Ausgabe 2/2004
Print ISSN: 1172-7047
Elektronische ISSN: 1179-1934
DOI
https://doi.org/10.2165/00023210-200418020-00003

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