Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Herz 8/2018

17.10.2018 | Koronare Herzerkrankung | CME

MINOCA – Myokardinfarkt ohne obstruktive Koronarerkrankung

verfasst von: Dr. C. Hamm, Prof. Dr. C. W. Hamm

Erschienen in: Herz | Ausgabe 8/2018

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

In den letzten Jahren wurde mit zunehmendem Interesse beobachtet, dass bei einem Teil der Myokardinfarktpatienten keine obstruktive Koronarsklerose vorliegt. Hierfür wurde der Begriff „MINOCA“ („myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries“) eingeführt. Die Prävalenz von MINOCA wird auf 6–9 % aller Myokardinfarkte geschätzt. Bei Patienten mit NSTEMI wird ein höherer Anteil an MINOCA-Patienten beobachtet als bei Patienten mit STEMI, außerdem sind häufiger weibliche als männliche Patienten betroffen. MINOCA ist eine Arbeitsdiagnose, die weitere diagnostische Abklärung mittels invasiver Techniken (intravaskulärer Ultraschall [IVUS], optische Kohärenztomographie [OCT]) oder nicht-invasiver Bildgebung mit kardialer Magnetresonanztomographie (CMR) erfordert. Wenn koronare Verschlüsse sicher nicht übersehen wurden, müssen andere koronare Ursachen wie Plaqueruptur, oder -erosion, Thrombosen, Dissektion, Spasmus oder mikrovaskuläre Dysfunktion evaluiert werden. Außerdem ist als nichtkoronare Ursache eine Myokarditis oder Tako-Tsubo-Kardiomyopathie mittels CMR auszuschließen. Die weitere Behandlung und Prognose richten sich nach der endgültigen Diagnose.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Bugiardini R, Bairey MERZCN (2005) Angina with „normal“ coronary arteries: a changing philopsophy. JAMA 293:477–484CrossRefPubMed Bugiardini R, Bairey MERZCN (2005) Angina with „normal“ coronary arteries: a changing philopsophy. JAMA 293:477–484CrossRefPubMed
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Pasupathy S, Air T, Dreyer RP, Tavella R, Beltrame JF (2015) Systematic review of patients presenting with suspected myocardial infarction and nonobstructive coronary arteries. Circulation 131:861–870CrossRefPubMed Pasupathy S, Air T, Dreyer RP, Tavella R, Beltrame JF (2015) Systematic review of patients presenting with suspected myocardial infarction and nonobstructive coronary arteries. Circulation 131:861–870CrossRefPubMed
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Ibanez B, James S, Agewall S et al (2018) 2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation. Eur Heart J 39:119–177 (The Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC))CrossRefPubMed Ibanez B, James S, Agewall S et al (2018) 2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation. Eur Heart J 39:119–177 (The Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC))CrossRefPubMed
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Pasupathy, Tavella R, Beltrame JF (2017) Myocardial Infarction with Nonobstructive Coronary Arteries (MINOCA) the past, present and future management. Circulation 135:1490–1493CrossRefPubMed Pasupathy, Tavella R, Beltrame JF (2017) Myocardial Infarction with Nonobstructive Coronary Arteries (MINOCA) the past, present and future management. Circulation 135:1490–1493CrossRefPubMed
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Gehrie ER, Reynolds HR, Chen AY et al (2009) Characterization and outcomes of women and men with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and nonobstructive coronary artery disease. Am Heart J 158:688–694 (results from the Can Rapid Risk Stratification of Unstable Angina Patients Suppress Adverse Outcomes with Early Implementation of the ACC/AHA Guidelines (CRUSADE) quality improvement initiative)CrossRefPubMed Gehrie ER, Reynolds HR, Chen AY et al (2009) Characterization and outcomes of women and men with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and nonobstructive coronary artery disease. Am Heart J 158:688–694 (results from the Can Rapid Risk Stratification of Unstable Angina Patients Suppress Adverse Outcomes with Early Implementation of the ACC/AHA Guidelines (CRUSADE) quality improvement initiative)CrossRefPubMed
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Planer D, Mehran R, Ohman EM et al (2014) Prognosis of patients with non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction and nonobstructive coronary artery disease: propensity-matched analysis from the acute Catheterization and urgent intervention triage strategy trial. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 7:285–293CrossRefPubMed Planer D, Mehran R, Ohman EM et al (2014) Prognosis of patients with non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction and nonobstructive coronary artery disease: propensity-matched analysis from the acute Catheterization and urgent intervention triage strategy trial. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 7:285–293CrossRefPubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat De Ferrari GM, Fox KA, White JA et al (2014) Outcomes among non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes patients with no angiographically obstructive coronary artery disease: observations from 37,101 patients. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care 3:37–45CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral De Ferrari GM, Fox KA, White JA et al (2014) Outcomes among non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes patients with no angiographically obstructive coronary artery disease: observations from 37,101 patients. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care 3:37–45CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Andersson HB, Pedersen F, Engstrøm T et al (2018) Long-term survival and causes of death in patients with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome without obstructive coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J 39(2):102–110CrossRefPubMed Andersson HB, Pedersen F, Engstrøm T et al (2018) Long-term survival and causes of death in patients with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome without obstructive coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J 39(2):102–110CrossRefPubMed
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Grodzinsky A, Arnold SV, Gosch K et al (2015) Angina frequency after acute myocardial infarction in patients without obstructive coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes 1:92–99CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Grodzinsky A, Arnold SV, Gosch K et al (2015) Angina frequency after acute myocardial infarction in patients without obstructive coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes 1:92–99CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Reynolds HR, Srichai MB, Iqbal SN et al (2011) Mechanisms of myocardial infarction in women without angiographically obstructive coronary artery disease. Circulation 124:1414–1425CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Reynolds HR, Srichai MB, Iqbal SN et al (2011) Mechanisms of myocardial infarction in women without angiographically obstructive coronary artery disease. Circulation 124:1414–1425CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Rathore S, Terashima M, Matuso H et al (2012) Association of coronary plaque composition and arterial remodelling: an optical coherence tomography study. Atherosclerosis 221:405–415CrossRefPubMed Rathore S, Terashima M, Matuso H et al (2012) Association of coronary plaque composition and arterial remodelling: an optical coherence tomography study. Atherosclerosis 221:405–415CrossRefPubMed
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Roffi M, Patrono C, Collet JP et al (2016) 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation. Eur Heart J 37:267–315 (Task Force for the Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Patients Presenting without Persistent ST-Segment Elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC))CrossRefPubMed Roffi M, Patrono C, Collet JP et al (2016) 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation. Eur Heart J 37:267–315 (Task Force for the Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Patients Presenting without Persistent ST-Segment Elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC))CrossRefPubMed
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Jia H, Dai J, Hou J et al (2016) Effective anti-thrombotic therapy without stenting: intravascular optical coherence tomography-based management in plaque erosion (the EROSION study). Eur Heart J 38(11):792–800 Jia H, Dai J, Hou J et al (2016) Effective anti-thrombotic therapy without stenting: intravascular optical coherence tomography-based management in plaque erosion (the EROSION study). Eur Heart J 38(11):792–800
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Xing L, Yamamoto E, Sugiyama T et al (2017) EROSION study (effective Antithrombotic therapy without Stenting: Intravascular optical coherence Tomography–based management in plaque erosion): a 1-year follow-up report. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 210:e5860 Xing L, Yamamoto E, Sugiyama T et al (2017) EROSION study (effective Antithrombotic therapy without Stenting: Intravascular optical coherence Tomography–based management in plaque erosion): a 1-year follow-up report. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 210:e5860
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Agewall S, Beltrame JF, Reynolds HR et al (2017) ESC working group position paper on myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries. Eur Heart J 38:143–153PubMed Agewall S, Beltrame JF, Reynolds HR et al (2017) ESC working group position paper on myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries. Eur Heart J 38:143–153PubMed
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Takarada S, Imanishi T, Ishibashi K et al (2010) The effect of lipid and inflammatory profiles on the morphological changes of lipid-rich plaques in patients with non-ST-segment elevated acute coronary syndrome: follow-up study by optical coherence tomography and intravascular ultrasound. Jacc Cardiovasc Interv 3:766–772CrossRefPubMed Takarada S, Imanishi T, Ishibashi K et al (2010) The effect of lipid and inflammatory profiles on the morphological changes of lipid-rich plaques in patients with non-ST-segment elevated acute coronary syndrome: follow-up study by optical coherence tomography and intravascular ultrasound. Jacc Cardiovasc Interv 3:766–772CrossRefPubMed
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Lindahl B, Baron T, Erlinge D et al (2017) Medical therapy for secondary prevention and long-term Outcome in patients with myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary artery disease. Circulation 135:1481–1489CrossRefPubMed Lindahl B, Baron T, Erlinge D et al (2017) Medical therapy for secondary prevention and long-term Outcome in patients with myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary artery disease. Circulation 135:1481–1489CrossRefPubMed
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Alfonso F, Paulo M, Dutary J (2012) Endovascular imaging of angiographically invisible spontaneous coronary artery dissection. Jacc Cardiovasc Interv 5:452–453CrossRefPubMed Alfonso F, Paulo M, Dutary J (2012) Endovascular imaging of angiographically invisible spontaneous coronary artery dissection. Jacc Cardiovasc Interv 5:452–453CrossRefPubMed
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Saw J, Mancini GB, Humphries K et al (2016) Angiographic appearance of spontaneous coronary artery dissection with intramural hematoma proven on intracoronary imaging. Cathater Cardiovasc Interv 87(2):54–61CrossRef Saw J, Mancini GB, Humphries K et al (2016) Angiographic appearance of spontaneous coronary artery dissection with intramural hematoma proven on intracoronary imaging. Cathater Cardiovasc Interv 87(2):54–61CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Tweet MS, Hayes SN, Pitta SR et al (2012) Clinical features, management, and prognosis of spontaneous coronary artery dissection. Circulation 126:579–588CrossRefPubMed Tweet MS, Hayes SN, Pitta SR et al (2012) Clinical features, management, and prognosis of spontaneous coronary artery dissection. Circulation 126:579–588CrossRefPubMed
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Tweet MS, Eleid MF, Best PJ et al (2014) Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: revascularization versus conservative therapy. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 7:777–786CrossRefPubMed Tweet MS, Eleid MF, Best PJ et al (2014) Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: revascularization versus conservative therapy. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 7:777–786CrossRefPubMed
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Cuculi F, Togni M, Meier B (2009) Myocardial infarction due to paradoxical embolism in a patient with large atrial septal defect. J Invasive Cardiol 21:E184–E186PubMed Cuculi F, Togni M, Meier B (2009) Myocardial infarction due to paradoxical embolism in a patient with large atrial septal defect. J Invasive Cardiol 21:E184–E186PubMed
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Crump R, Shandling AH, Van Natta B et al (2000) Prevalence of patent foramen ovale in patients with acute myocardial infarction and angiographically normal coronary arteries. Am J Cardiol 85:1368–1370CrossRefPubMed Crump R, Shandling AH, Van Natta B et al (2000) Prevalence of patent foramen ovale in patients with acute myocardial infarction and angiographically normal coronary arteries. Am J Cardiol 85:1368–1370CrossRefPubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Ong P, Athanasiadis A, Hill S et al (2008) Coronary artery spasm as a frequent cause of acute coronary syndrome: the CASPAR (Coronary Artery Spasm in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome) Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 52:523–527CrossRefPubMed Ong P, Athanasiadis A, Hill S et al (2008) Coronary artery spasm as a frequent cause of acute coronary syndrome: the CASPAR (Coronary Artery Spasm in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome) Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 52:523–527CrossRefPubMed
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Kaski JC, Crea F, Meran D et al (1986) Local coronary supersensitivity to diverse vasoconstrictive stimuli in patients with variant angina. Circulation 74:1255–1265CrossRefPubMed Kaski JC, Crea F, Meran D et al (1986) Local coronary supersensitivity to diverse vasoconstrictive stimuli in patients with variant angina. Circulation 74:1255–1265CrossRefPubMed
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Ong P, Athanasiadis A, Sechtem U (2015) Pharmacotherapy for coronary microvascular dysfunction. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother 1:65–71CrossRefPubMed Ong P, Athanasiadis A, Sechtem U (2015) Pharmacotherapy for coronary microvascular dysfunction. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother 1:65–71CrossRefPubMed
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Lanza GA, Crea F (2010) Primary coronary microvascular dysfunction: clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and management. Circulation 121:2317–2325CrossRefPubMed Lanza GA, Crea F (2010) Primary coronary microvascular dysfunction: clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and management. Circulation 121:2317–2325CrossRefPubMed
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Alexander K, Weisz P, Prather K et al (2016) Effects of Ranolazine on angina and quality of life after Percutaneous coronary intervention with incomplete Revascularization: results from the Ranolazine for incomplete vessel Revascularization (RIVER-PCI) trial. Circulation 133(1):39–47CrossRefPubMed Alexander K, Weisz P, Prather K et al (2016) Effects of Ranolazine on angina and quality of life after Percutaneous coronary intervention with incomplete Revascularization: results from the Ranolazine for incomplete vessel Revascularization (RIVER-PCI) trial. Circulation 133(1):39–47CrossRefPubMed
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Madhavan M, Rihal CS, Lerman A, Prasad A (2011) Acute heart failure in apical ballooning syndrome (TakoTsubo/stress cardiomyopathy): clinical correlates and Mayo Clinic risk score. J Am Coll Cardiol 57:1400–1401CrossRefPubMed Madhavan M, Rihal CS, Lerman A, Prasad A (2011) Acute heart failure in apical ballooning syndrome (TakoTsubo/stress cardiomyopathy): clinical correlates and Mayo Clinic risk score. J Am Coll Cardiol 57:1400–1401CrossRefPubMed
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Collste O, Sorensson P, Frick M et al (2013) Myocardial infarction with normal coronary arteries is common and associated with normal findings on cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging: results from the Stockholm Myocardial Infarction with Normal Coronaries study. J Int Med 273:189–196CrossRef Collste O, Sorensson P, Frick M et al (2013) Myocardial infarction with normal coronary arteries is common and associated with normal findings on cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging: results from the Stockholm Myocardial Infarction with Normal Coronaries study. J Int Med 273:189–196CrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Tornvall P, Gerbaud E, Behaghel A et al (2015) A meta-analysis of individual data regarding prevalence and risk markers for myocarditis and infarction determined by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 241:87–91CrossRefPubMed Tornvall P, Gerbaud E, Behaghel A et al (2015) A meta-analysis of individual data regarding prevalence and risk markers for myocarditis and infarction determined by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 241:87–91CrossRefPubMed
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Caforio ALP, Pankuweit S, Arbustini et al (2013) Current state of knowledge on aetiology, diagnosis, management, and therapy of myocarditis: a position statement of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases. Eur Heart J 33:2636–2648CrossRef Caforio ALP, Pankuweit S, Arbustini et al (2013) Current state of knowledge on aetiology, diagnosis, management, and therapy of myocarditis: a position statement of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases. Eur Heart J 33:2636–2648CrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Friedrich MG, Sechtem U, Schulz-Menger J et al (2009) Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in Myocarditis: a JACC white paper. J Am Coll Cardiol 53(17):1475–1487CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Friedrich MG, Sechtem U, Schulz-Menger J et al (2009) Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in Myocarditis: a JACC white paper. J Am Coll Cardiol 53(17):1475–1487CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Stiermaier T, Föhrenbach F, Klingel K et al (2017) Biventricular endomyocardial biopsy in patients with suspected myocarditis: feasibility, complication rate and additional diagnostic value. Int J Cardiol 230:364–370CrossRefPubMed Stiermaier T, Föhrenbach F, Klingel K et al (2017) Biventricular endomyocardial biopsy in patients with suspected myocarditis: feasibility, complication rate and additional diagnostic value. Int J Cardiol 230:364–370CrossRefPubMed
Metadaten
Titel
MINOCA – Myokardinfarkt ohne obstruktive Koronarerkrankung
verfasst von
Dr. C. Hamm
Prof. Dr. C. W. Hamm
Publikationsdatum
17.10.2018
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Herz / Ausgabe 8/2018
Print ISSN: 0340-9937
Elektronische ISSN: 1615-6692
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-018-4756-5

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 8/2018

Herz 8/2018 Zur Ausgabe

Update Kardiologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.