Background
Methods
Results
Prevalence of obesity and overweight
Men | Women | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BMI < 25 kg/m2 (n = 1980) | BMI 25- <30 kg/m2 (n = 1707) | BMI = 30 kg/m2 (n = 361) | BMI < 25 kg/m2 (n = 2800) | BMI 25- <30 kg/m2 (n = 1488) | BMI = 30 kg/m2 (n = 608) | |||
Age | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | ||||||
< 35 years | 31.5 | 14.2 | 13.0 | 28.9 | 13.1 | 12.5 | ||
35–54 | 40.3 | 46.3 | 51.5 | 44.9 | 43.3 | 43.6 | ||
55–74 | 21.6 | 33.0 | 31.3 | 19.5 | 33.4 | 36.0 | ||
75plus | 6.6 | 6.4 | 4.2 | 6.8 | 10.2 | 7.9 | ||
Educational level | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | ||||||
Low | 28.8 | 35.9 | 46.0 | 28.5 | 44.8 | 55.9 | ||
Middle | 45.0 | 41.4 | 40.7 | 48.1 | 40.4 | 34.2 | ||
High | 26.2 | 22.7 | 13.3 | 23.3 | 14.7 | 9.9 | ||
Health insurance | p = 0.005 | p < 0.001 | ||||||
Public | 58.8 | 58.2 | 67.3 | 68.8 | 73.9 | 79.8 | ||
Private | 41.2 | 41.8 | 32.7 | 31.2 | 26.1 | 20.2 | ||
Place of residence | p = 0.008 | ns | ||||||
Urban | 35.1 | 30.2 | 33.5 | 35.9 | 33.6 | 34.9 | ||
Rural | 64.9 | 69.8 | 66.5 | 64.1 | 66.4 | 65.1 | ||
Smoking | p = 0.001 | p < 0.001 | ||||||
Non-smoker | 60.9 | 66.9 | 64.0 | 70.8 | 75.9 | 76.6 | ||
Current smoker | 39.1 | 33.1 | 36.0 | 29.2 | 24.1 | 23.4 | ||
Alcohol consumption | p < 0.001 | p < 0.001 | ||||||
None | 14.8 | 17.5 | 24.3 | 28.2 | 37.0 | 45.0 | ||
s 1–2 glass p/day | 58.8 | 57.8 | 51.7 | 64.5 | 56.4 | 50.8 | ||
> 2 glasses p/day | 26.4 | 24.7 | 24.0 | 7.3 | 6.6 | 4.2 | ||
Exercise (> 30 minutes p/day) | p = 0.034 | p < 0.001 | ||||||
< 1 day p/week | 10.2 | 10.5 | 15.6 | 12.5 | 17.5 | 21.6 | ||
1–3 days p/week | 24.7 | 26.8 | 25.6 | 21.0 | 19.5 | 21.8 | ||
4–6 days p/week | 24.2 | 22.0 | 22.8 | 21.6 | 20.8 | 20.6 | ||
all days | 40.8 | 40.8 | 36.1 | 45.0 | 42.2 | 36.0 | ||
% of all men/women | 48.9 | 42.2 | 8.9 | 100% | 57.2 | 30.4 | 12.4 | 100% |
GP consultation
Bivariate analyses a) Percentage that visited GP for ICPC-chapter | Multilevel logistic regression b,c) Adjusted odds ratios [95% BI] | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ICPC-Chapter | BMI < 25 kg/m2 (n = 1980) | BMI 25- <30 kg/m2 (n = 1707) | BMI = 30 kg/m2 (n = 361) | BMI 25- <30 kg/m2
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2
| |||
General (A) | 8.8 | 10.5 | 10.2 | ns | 1.18 | [0.94–1.48] | 1.08 | [0.74–1.59] |
Blood and blood forming organs (B) | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.9 | ns | 0.63 | [0.38–1.05] | 0.76 | [0.33–1.75] |
Gastro-intestinal (D) | 13.2 | 15.0 | 19.7 | p = 0.004 | 1.01 | [0.84–1.23] | 1.37* | [1.02–1.84] |
Eye (F) | 7.0 | 7.1 | 7.5 | ns | 0.92 | [0.71–1.19] | 0.93 | [0.60–1.44] |
Ear (H) | 8.9 | 11.5 | 10.8 | ns | 1.17 | [0.94–1.45] | 1,08 | [0.74–1.56] |
Cardiovascular system (K) | 13.9 | 21.1 | 31.6 | p < 0.001 | 1.32* | [1.08–1.61] | 2.90* | [2.16–3.88] |
Musculoskeletal system (L) | 28.0 | 34.9 | 38.5 | p < 0.001 | 1.32* | [1.14–1.52] | 1.46* | [1.15–1.86] |
Nervous system (N) | 5.1 | 6.5 | 8.0 | p = 0.043 | 1.22 | [0.92–1.62] | 1.45 | [0.61–3.47] |
Psychic problems (P) | 8.9 | 9.5 | 11.6 | ns | 1.09 | [0.87–1.38] | 1.33 | [0.92–1.92] |
Respiratory system (R) | 24.7 | 27.3 | 31.6 | p = 0.014 | 1.00 | [0.85–1.16] | 1.18 | [0.91–1.52] |
Skin (S) | 25.5 | 27.7 | 32.7 | p = 0.014 | 1.07 | [0.92–1.24] | 1.30* | [1.02–1.67] |
Endocrine system (T) | 5.8 | 11.7 | 19.7 | p < 0.001 | 1.79* | [1.40–2.30] | 3.44* | [2.45–4.82] |
Urinary tract (U) | 3.7 | 4.2 | 3.9 | ns | 0.91 | [0.65–1.29] | 0.79 | [0.42–1.46] |
Reproductive system men (Y) | 6.6 | 7.0 | 6.1 | ns | 0.91 | [0.70–1.18] | 0.80 | [0.49–1.28] |
SSocial problems (Z) | 2.0 | 2.2 | 1.4 | ns | 1.08 | [0.67–1.73] | 0.61 | [0.24–1.58] |
Bivariate analyses a) Percentage that visited GP for ICPC-chapter | Multilevel logistic regression b,c) Adjusted odds ratios [95% BI] | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ICPC-Chapter | BMI < 25 kg/m2 (n = 2800) | BMI 25- <30 kg/m2 (n = 1488) | BMI = 30 kg/m2 (n = 608) | BMI 25- <30 kg/m2
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2
| |||
General (A) | 14.0 | 14.0 | 16.0 | ns | 0.92 | [0.76–1.11] | 1.03 | [0.80–1.33] |
Blood and blood forming organs (B) | 4.0 | 3.7 | 4.1 | ns | 0.85 | [0.60–1.19] | 0.86 | [0.54–1.37] |
Gastro-intestinal (D) | 15.7 | 17.5 | 23.4 | p < 0.001 | 0.99 | [0.83–1.18] | 1.35* | [1.08–1.69] |
Eye (F) | 8.2 | 10.1 | 10.0 | ns | 0.99 | [0.79–1.24] | 1.02 | [0.75–1.39] |
Ear (H) | 10.6 | 11.6 | 12.3 | p = 0.031 | 0.96 | [0.78–1.18] | 1.03 | [0.78–1.36] |
Cardiovascular system (K) | 15.4 | 26.3 | 35.4 | p < 0.001 | 1.37* | [1.15–1.62] | 2.16* | [1.73–2.69] |
Musculoskeletal system (L) | 37.1 | 44.8 | 51.3 | p < 0.001 | 1.22* | [1.06–1.39] | 1.52* | [1.25–1.84] |
Nervous system (N) | 9.6 | 11.4 | 13.2 | p = 0.017 | 1.08 | [0.86–1.32] | 1.20 | [0.91–1.58] |
Psychic problems (P) | 15.3 | 16.5 | 15.5 | ns | 0.96 | [0.80–1.15] | 0.83 | [0.64–1.07] |
Respiratory system (R) | 29.9 | 34.7 | 42.1 | p < 0.001 | 1.08 | [0.94–1.24] | 1.41* | [1.17–1.71] |
Skin (S) | 29.9 | 30.0 | 36.2 | p = 0.007 | 0.99 | [0.86–1.15] | 1.25* | [1.03–1.52] |
Endocrine system (T) | 5.6 | 11.7 | 17.9 | p < 0.001 | 1.62* | [1.28–2.05] | 2.52* | [1.91–3.33] |
Urinary tract (U) | 9.4 | 11.1 | 13.7 | p = 0.005 | 1.00 | [0.81–1.23] | 1.19 | [0.90–1.57] |
Pregnancy, anticonception (W) | 20.2 | 12.2 | 10.0 | p < 0.001 | 1.09 | [0.88–1.35] | 0.81 | [0.58–1.14] |
Reproductive system women (X) | 25.9 | 21.6 | 28.6 | p = 0.003 | 0.93 | [0.79–1.09] | 1.19 | [0.96–1.47] |
Social problems (Z) | 4.0 | 3.0 | 4.3 | ns | 0.70 | [0.49–1.02] | 1.00 | [0.64–1.58] |
Drug prescribing
Bivariate analyses a) Percentage that got prescribed for ICPC-chapter | Multilevel logistic regression b,c)
Adjusted odds ratios [95% BI] | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ATC-Chapter | BMI < 25kg/m2
(n = 1980) | BMI 25- <30 kg/m2
(n = 1707) | BMI = 30 kg/m2
(n = 361) | BMI 25- <30 kg/m2
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2
| |||
Alimentary tract and metabolism (A) | 14.0 | 16.9 | 25.2 | p < 0.001 | 1.01 | [0.83–1.22] | 1.66* | [1.24–2.21] |
Blood and blood forming organs (B) | 9.2 | 14.2 | 13.3 | p < 0.001 | 1.29* | [1.02–1.63] | 1.23 | [0.83–1.81] |
Cardiovascular system (C) | 14.6 | 25.2 | 32.1 | p < 0.001 | 1.62* | [1.34–1.97] | 2.81* | [2.09–3.77] |
Dermatologicals (D) | 18.9 | 22.1 | 26.3 | p = 0.002 | 1.12 | [0.95–1.32] | 1.37* | [1.05–1.80] |
Genito urinary system and sex homones (G) | 3.3 | 4.5 | 3.3 | ns | 1.11 | [0.78–1.58] | 0.84 | [0.43–1.64] |
Systemic hormonal preparations (H) | 3.7 | 4.5 | 8.0 | p = 0.001 | 1.01 | [0.73–1.42] | 1.79* | [1.13–2.85] |
Antiinfectives for systemic use (J) | 21.6 | 27.5 | 32.4 | p < 0.001 | 1.12 | [0.95–1.31] | 1.36* | [1.04–1.77] |
Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents (L) | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 | ns | 0.95 | [0.33–2.75] | 1.20 | [0.24–5.98] |
Musculoskeletal system (M) | 14.3 | 20.8 | 30.2 | p < 0.001 | 1.43* | [1.20–1.71] | 2.18* | [1.67–2.85] |
Nervous system (N) | 14.8 | 18.2 | 21.6 | p = 0.001 | 1.12 | [0.94–1.35] | 1.30 | [0.97–1.74] |
Antiparasitic products (P) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.7 | ns | 0.96 | [0.45–2.01] | 2.16 | [0.82–5.64] |
Respiratory system (R) | 15.8 | 18.6 | 23.0 | p < 0.001 | 1.12 | [0.94–1.33] | 1.40* | [1.06–1.85] |
Sensory organs (S) | 7.9 | 8.6 | 9.4 | ns | 0.98 | [0.77–1.25] | 1.01 | [0.67–1.51] |
Bivariate analyses a) Percentage that got prescribed for ICPC-chapter | Multilevel logistic regression b,c)
Adjusted odds ratios [95% BI] | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ATC-Chapter | BMI < 25 kg/m2
(n = 1980) | BMI 25- <30 kg/m2
(n = 1707) | BMI = 30 kg/m2
(n = 361) | BMI 25- <30 kg/m2
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2
| |||
Alimentary tract and metabolism (A) | 16.7 | 23.4 | 30.4 | p < 0.001 | 1.13 | [0.96–1.34] | 1.53* | [1.24–1.90] |
Blood and blood forming organs (B) | 9.0 | 11.7 | 15.5 | p < 0.001 | 0.90 | [0.72–1.12] | 1.16 | [0.88–1.54] |
Cardiovascular system (C) | 15.1 | 28.8 | 37.8 | p < 0.001 | 1.58* | [1.33–1.88] | 2.53* | [2.02–3.16] |
Dermatologicals (D) | 23.4 | 24.5 | 32.4 | p < 0.001 | 1.00 | [0.85–1.16] | 1.45* | [1.18–1.77] |
Genito urinary system and sex homones (G) | 37.9 | 28.7 | 26.5 | p < 0.001 | 1.03 | [0.88–1.21] | 0.87 | [0.70–1.09] |
Systemic hormonal preparations (H) | 5.4 | 8.4 | 10.7 | p < 0.001 | 1.23 | [0.95–1.58] | 1.53* | [1.12–2.11] |
Antiinfectives for systemic use (J) | 28.9 | 36.9 | 42.1 | p < 0.001 | 1.11 | [0.96–1.28] | 1.35* | [1.12–1.64] |
Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents (L) | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.5 | ns | 0.97 | [0.48–1.97] | 1.61 | [0.72–3.60] |
Musculoskeletal system (M) | 20.6 | 29.6 | 36.0 | p < 0.001 | 1.38* | [1.18–1.60] | 1.75* | [1.43–2.14] |
Nervous system (N) | 26.1 | 33.1 | 35.0 | p < 0.001 | 1.09 | [0.94–1.26] | 1.15 | [0.94–1.40] |
Antiparasitic products (P) | 1.5 | 0.9 | 1.5 | ns | 0.72 | [0.39–1.35] | 0.94 | [0.41–2.16] |
Respiratory system (R) | 20.9 | 25.1 | 31.1 | p < 0.001 | 1.23* | [1.05–1.44] | 1.62* | [1.33–1.99] |
Sensory organs (S) | 9.7 | 11.6 | 11.8 | ns | 1.04 | [0.85–1.29] | 1.03 | [0.78–1.38] |