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Current Obesity Reports

Erschienen in:

20.02.2023 | REVIEW

Obesity Paradox: Fact or Fiction?

verfasst von: Stamatia Simati, Alexander Kokkinos, Maria Dalamaga, Georgia Argyrakopoulou

Erschienen in: Current Obesity Reports | Ausgabe 2/2023

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Obesity is related to several comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, heart failure, and various types of cancers. While the detrimental effect of obesity in both mortality and morbidity has been well established, the concept of the obesity paradox in specific chronic diseases remains a topic of continuous interest. In the present review, we examine the controversial issues around the obesity paradox in certain conditions such as cardiovascular disease, several types of cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and the factors that may confound the relation between obesity and mortality.

Recent Findings

We refer to the obesity paradox when particular chronic diseases exhibit an interesting “paradoxical” protective association between the body mass index (BMI) and clinical outcomes. This association, however, may be driven by multiple factors among which the limitations of the BMI itself; the unintended weight loss precipitated by chronic illness; the various phenotypes of obesity, i.e., sarcopenic obesity or the athlete’s obesity phenotype; and the cardiorespiratory fitness levels of the included patients. Recent evidence highlighted that previous cardioprotective medications, obesity duration, and smoking status seem to play a role in the obesity paradox.

Summary

The obesity paradox has been described in a plethora of chronic diseases. It cannot be emphasized enough that the incomplete information received from a single BMI measurement may interfere with outcomes of studies arguing in favor of the obesity paradox. Thus, the development of carefully designed studies, unhampered by confounding factors, is of great importance.

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Titel: Obesity Paradox: Fact or Fiction?
verfasst von: Stamatia Simati
Alexander Kokkinos
Maria Dalamaga
Georgia Argyrakopoulou
Publikationsdatum: 20.02.2023
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Current Obesity Reports / Ausgabe 2/2023
Elektronische ISSN: 2162-4968
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-023-00497-1

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