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Erschienen in: Medizinische Klinik - Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin 2/2019

08.05.2017 | Sepsis | Übersichten

Boliden auf der Intensivstation

Wie viel Antibiotika verbraucht Ihre Nierenersatztherapie pro Tag?

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. J. T. Kielstein, A. K. Kruse, Dr. med. N. Anderson, PhD, H. Vaitiekunas, Prof. Dr. S. Scherneck

Erschienen in: Medizinische Klinik - Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin | Ausgabe 2/2019

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Zusammenfassung

Überrascht wären wir wohl kaum, wenn unser Auto auf 100 km mehr verbraucht, als es der Hersteller angibt. Je nach Fahrstrecke, unserem Fahrverhalten und der Größe der Fahrgemeinschaft weicht der reale Kraftstoffverbrauch teils erheblich von den Herstellerangaben ab. Sobald aber die Autotür hinter uns ins Schloss fällt und sich die Pforte zur Intensivstation öffnet, scheinen wir all dies wieder zu verdrängen. Wir gehen zu Unrecht davon aus, dass die Boliden der Nierenersatztherapie, immer gleich gut entgiften und immer die gleiche Menge Antiinfektiva eliminieren, egal ob wir mit ihnen Vollgasblutwäsche betreiben oder sehr zurückhaltend im Schonwaschgang fahren. Anders als bei den Katecholaminen, deren Wirkung wir vom intensivmedizinischen Armaturenbrett in Form des invasiv gemessenen arteriellen Mitteldrucks direkt ablesen können, fehlt auch auf modernen Intensivstationen der Antibiotikaverbrauchsanzeiger. In der nachfolgenden Übersicht versuchen wir basale pharmakokinetische und pharmakodynamische Prinzipien zu erläutern, die es erlauben, Antibiotika insbesondere bei Patienten, die einer Nierenersatztherapie bedürfen, optimal zu dosieren. Moderne Hybridmodelle, also die Kombination von Nierenersatztherapie mit extrakorporaler Lungenunterstützung oder Adsorbertechnologien zur Entfernung von Zytokinen oder Bakterien, werden in Bezug auf den Einfluss auf die Elimination von Antiinfektiva abgehandelt. Eingehend besprechen wir das Problem der Körperdimensionen und der Körperzusammensetzung, die für die Initial- und Erhaltungsdosis von Antiinfektiva relevant ist. Abschließend erläutern wir, warum aus Sicht der Autoren eine zeitnahe zuverlässige Verfügbarkeit des therapeutischen „drug monitoring“ unabdingbar erscheint, perspektivisch sicherlich mit „point auf care“-Geräten am Patientenbett.
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Metadaten
Titel
Boliden auf der Intensivstation
Wie viel Antibiotika verbraucht Ihre Nierenersatztherapie pro Tag?
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. J. T. Kielstein
A. K. Kruse
Dr. med. N. Anderson, PhD
H. Vaitiekunas
Prof. Dr. S. Scherneck
Publikationsdatum
08.05.2017
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Schlagwörter
Sepsis
Sepsis
Antibiotika
Erschienen in
Medizinische Klinik - Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin / Ausgabe 2/2019
Print ISSN: 2193-6218
Elektronische ISSN: 2193-6226
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00063-017-0303-z

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