Erschienen in:
01.06.2008 | PHASE I STUDIES
Phase I study of the ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor 3-aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde-thiosemicarbazone (3-AP) in combination with high dose cytarabine in patients with advanced myeloid leukemia
verfasst von:
Olatoyosi M. Odenike, Richard A. Larson, Devika Gajria, M. Eileen Dolan, Shannon M. Delaney, Theodore G. Karrison, Mark J. Ratain, Wendy Stock
Erschienen in:
Investigational New Drugs
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Ausgabe 3/2008
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Summary
Purpose: This Phase I dose escalation study was based on the hypothesis that the addition of 3-aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde-thiosemicarbazone (3-AP) to cytarabine would enhance cytarabine cytotoxicity. The primary objective of the study was to establish the maximum tolerated dose of 3-AP when given in combination with a fixed dose of cytarabine. Experimental design: Twenty-five patients with relapsed or refractory myeloid leukemia were enrolled to three dose levels of 3-AP. Cytarabine was administered as a 2 h infusion at a fixed dose of 1,000 mg/m2/day for 5 consecutive days. Escalating doses of 3-AP as a 2 h infusion were administered on days 2 through 5. The 3-AP infusion preceded the start of the cytarabine infusion by 4 h. Results: In general, the toxicities observed with the combination were similar to the expected toxicity profile for cytarabine when utilized as a single agent at this dose and schedule. However, two of three patients developed dose-limiting methemoglobinemia at the highest 3-AP dose studied (100 mg/m2). Transient reversible methemoglobinemia was documented in 11 of 15 patients enrolled at the 75 mg/ m2 dose level. Objective evidence of clinical activity was observed in four patients. Conclusions: The combination of 3-AP and cytarabine given on this schedule is feasible in advanced myeloid leukemia. The recommended Phase II dose is 75 mg/m2/day of 3-AP on days 2–5 given prior to cytarabine administered at a dose of 1,000 mg/m2/day over 5 consecutive days. Methemoglobinemia is a common toxicity of this combination and requires close monitoring.