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22.02.2017 | Original Article

Posterior urethral valve in fetuses: evidence for the role of inflammatory molecules

verfasst von: Érica Leandro Marciano Vieira, Natalia Pessoa Rocha, Fernando Macedo Bastos, Kátia Daniela da Silveira, Alamanda K. Pereira, Eduardo Araújo Oliveira, Débora Marques de Miranda, Ana Cristina Simões e Silva

Erschienen in: Pediatric Nephrology | Ausgabe 8/2017

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Abstract

Background

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate inflammatory biomarkers in urine samples of 24 fetuses with posterior urethral valve (PUV) collected at 22 ± 4 weeks of gestation and to compare the findings with measurements in urine samples of 22 male healthy preterm neonates at 23 ± 4 weeks (control group).

Methods

Inflammatory biomarkers in urine were measured using a cytometric bead array [interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-γ, soluable tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) 1, sTNFR2, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/chemokine ligand 2 (MCP-1/CCL2), eotaxin/CCL11 and interferon gamma-induced protein/10/C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (IP-10/CXCL10)] and ELISA assays [TNF, IL-8/CXCL8 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)]. The Mann–Whitney test was used to compare medians. Markers of glomerular (creatinine) and tubular [beta 2 (β₂)-microglobulin, uromodulin, osmolality] functions were correlated with inflammatory biomarkers (Spearman test).

Results

An intense inflammatory profile was identified, with significantly increased concentrations of urinary IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, TNF, sTNFRI, sTNFRII, IFN-γ, MCP-1/CCL2, eotaxin/CCL11 and IL-8/CXCL8 in the PUV group compared to the controls. The same was observed for the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and for the fibrogenic mediator TGF-β. In the correlation analysis, β₂-microglobulin positively correlated with the presence of MCP-1/CCL2, sTNFRI and eotaxin/CCL11 and negatively correlated with the presence of creatinine.

Conclusions

This study shows that inflammatory molecules are already increased in fetuses with PUV at the mean gestational age of 22 weeks, suggesting a physiopathological role for inflammation just after the embryological formation of the urethral membrane.

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Titel: Posterior urethral valve in fetuses: evidence for the role of inflammatory molecules
verfasst von: Érica Leandro Marciano Vieira
Natalia Pessoa Rocha
Fernando Macedo Bastos
Kátia Daniela da Silveira
Alamanda K. Pereira
Eduardo Araújo Oliveira
Débora Marques de Miranda
Ana Cristina Simões e Silva
Publikationsdatum: 22.02.2017
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Pediatric Nephrology / Ausgabe 8/2017
Print ISSN: 0931-041X
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-198X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-017-3614-7

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Posterior urethral valve in fetuses: evidence for the role of inflammatory molecules

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Background

Methods

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