Background
Objective/aim of study
Methods
Study design
Setting
Participants
Variables
World Health Organisation QOL assessment (WHOQOL Bref)
Essen climate evaluation schema (EssenCES)
Engagement in meaningful activity survey (EMAS)
Social and occupational functioning assessment scale (SOFAS)
Community leave status
Length of stay
Level of ward security
Data sources/measurement
Bias
Study size
Statistical methods
Ethics, consent and permissions
Results
Participants
Descriptive data
Patient characteristics | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean age
| Years 40.3 | SD 16.4 | Min 27.0 | Max 55.0 |
Median length of stay
| Years 5.5 | SD 6.8 | Min 0.5 yrs | Max 33.5 yrs |
Ward location
| ||||
Low secure hostel | 6 [12%] | |||
Low secure rehabilitation ward | 11 [20%] | |||
Medium security rehabilitation | 15 [29%] | |||
Medium security sub-acute | 14 [27%] | |||
High secure [long stay] | 6 [12%] | |||
Community leave status
| ||||
Community leave | 36 [70%] | |||
No community Leave | 16 [30%] | |||
Primary Diagnosis
| ||||
Schizophrenia/ Schizoaffective disorder | 52 [100%] |
Outcome data
Mean
|
Std. Deviation
| |
---|---|---|
WHOQOL Bref [QOL] Total
|
66.0
|
12.9
|
WHOQOL Bref Physical Health
|
73.8
|
12.9
|
WHOQOL Bref Psychological Health
|
64.6
|
12.6
|
WHOQOL Bref Social Relationships
|
57.6
|
19.3
|
WHOQOL Bref Environment
|
67.9
|
16.4
|
Engagement in meaningful activity scale [EMAS]
|
35.4
|
8.2
|
Social and occupational functioning scale [SOFAS]
|
56.2
|
12.5
|
EssenCES Therapeutic Hold
|
13.7
|
4.3
|
EssenCES Patient Cohesion
|
12.1
|
4.3
|
EssenCES Experienced safety
|
16.3
|
3.4
|
Model 1
|
Unstandardized coefficients
|
Standardized coefficients
|
t
|
Sig.
| |
B
|
Std. Error
|
Beta
| |||
1] Constant
|
34.99
|
6.70
|
5.22
|
p < 0.0001
| |
Engagement In Meaningful Activity Scale
|
0.874
|
0.185
|
0.557
|
4.738
|
p < 0.0001
|
Model 2
|
Unstandardized coefficients
|
Standardized coefficients
|
t
|
Sig
| |
B
|
Std. Error
|
Beta
| |||
2] Constant
|
53.65
|
10.90
|
4.927
|
p < 0.0001
| |
Engagement in meaningful activity survey
|
0.767
|
0.185
|
0.489
|
4.144
|
p < 0.0001
|
Level of ward security
|
−2.33
|
1.092
|
−0.251
|
−2.133
|
p = 0.038
|
Model 3
|
Unstandardized coefficients
|
Standardized coefficients
|
t
|
Sig.
| |
B
|
Std. Error
|
Beta
| |||
3] Constant
|
52.99
|
10.46
|
5.066
|
p < 0.0001
| |
Engagement in meaningful activity survey
|
0.478
|
0.219
|
0.305
|
2.185
|
p = 0.034
|
Level of ward security
|
−2.551
|
1.053
|
−0.275
|
−2.422
|
p = 0.019
|
EssenCES Therapeutic Hold
|
0.902
|
0.398
|
0.305
|
2.264
|
p = 0.028
|
Model 1
|
Unstandardized coefficients
|
Standardized coefficients
|
t
|
Sig.
| |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
B
|
Std. Error
|
Beta
| |||
1] Constant
|
60.94
|
5.73
|
10.64
|
p < 0.0001
| |
EssenCES therapeutic hold
|
0.945
|
0.400
|
0.317
|
2.36
|
p = 0.022
|
Model 1
|
Unstandardized coefficients
|
Standardized coefficients
|
t
|
Sig.
| |
B
|
Std. Error
|
Beta
| |||
1] Constant
|
26.16
|
9.54
|
2.74
|
p = 0.008
| |
Engagement In Meaningful Activity Scale
|
1.08
|
0.262
|
0.505
|
4.133
|
p < 0.0001
|
Model 2
|
Unstandardized Coefficients
|
Standardized Coefficients
|
t
|
Sig
| |
B
|
Std. Error
|
Beta
| |||
2] Constant
|
54.08
|
15.40
|
3.51
|
p = 0.001
| |
Engagement In Meaningful Activity Scale
|
0.924
|
0.262
|
0.430
|
3.53
|
p = 0.001
|
Level of ward security
|
−3.49
|
1.54
|
−0.275
|
−2.26
|
P = 0.029
|
Model 1
|
Unstandardized coefficients
|
Standardized coefficients
|
t
|
Sig.
| |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
B
|
Std. Error
|
Beta
| |||
1] Constant
|
26.50
|
11.26
|
2.35
|
p = 0.023
| |
Engagement in Meaningful Activity Scale
|
0.877
|
0.310
|
0.372
|
2.83
|
p = 0.007
|
Model 1
|
Unstandardized coefficients
|
Standardized coefficients
|
t
|
Sig.
| |
B
|
Std. Error
|
Beta
| |||
1] Constant
|
39.80
|
6.40
|
6.22
|
p < 0.001
| |
EssenCES Therapeutic Hold
|
2.06
|
0.447
|
0.546
|
4.60
|
p < 0.0001
|
Model 2
|
Unstandardized coefficients
|
Standardized coefficients
|
t
|
Sig
| |
B
|
Std. Error
|
Beta
| |||
2] Constant
|
64.15
|
10.76
|
5.95
|
p > 0.001
| |
EssenCES Therapeutic Hold
|
0.924
|
0.262
|
0.430
|
3.53
|
p = 0.001
|
Level of ward security
|
−3.60
|
1.32
|
−0.305
|
−2.73
|
P = 0.009
|