Metabolic syndrome or X syndrome is associated with any combination of metabolic/non-metabolic disturbances including increased level of fasting blood sugar, and triglyceride, elevated blood pressure, low HDL level, and abdominal obesity. Individuals meeting at least three of the above mentioned abnormalities are labeled as having the disease [
1,
2]. These patients are at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, stroke, osteoarthritis, some kinds of cancers, and their subsequent morbidity and mortality. The final result of these events is impairment of quality of life and a heavy burden of expenses to the health care system [
1‐
3]. Many Studies have shown concurrent presence of metabolic disturbances in some individuals, which is usually more harmful than each single isolated problem [
4]. Twenty five per cent of the adults in U.S are affected by the metabolic syndrome [
5]. The incidence of metabolic syndrome among the Asian ethnic groups is not well defined whereas Asia is probably prone to the highest prevalence of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in near future [
4]. Prevalence of this syndrome is 19% in Mongolia [
1], 21% in Jordan[
3], 17% in Palestine[
3], 24.2% in Malaysia [
4], 21.17% in Taiwan [
4], 12.2% in Singapore, 12% in Japan, 14.8% in China, 28.8% in India, and 28.6% and 27.8%, respectively, in male and female Koreans [
5,
6]. On the base of Framingham study, metabolic syndrome accounts for about 25% of the new cases of cardiovascular diseases. In the absence of diabetes, the ten-year risk of coronary heart disease is not increased by more than 20% with the metabolic syndrome. It is between 10 and 20 percent for males, and less than 10 per cent for females [
6]. Although the underlying cause of metabolic syndrome is unknown, however, insulin resistance and visceral fat accumulation have been proposed as the initial drivers. Lack of congruent diagnostic criteria has resulted in report of variable prevalence of the diseases in different studies [
7‐
10]. It has been reported that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the Islamic Republic of Iran is one of the highest in worldwide. Study on Lipid and Glucose among adult population in Tehran indicated metabolic syndrome in 42% of women and 24% of men with a total age-standardized prevalence of 33.7% [
11]. One study suggests that 20-45% of the mortalities in Iran are due to cardiovascular diseases [
12], While the mortality rate of cardiovascular diseases have reduced in most developed countries over the past 20 years [
13]. Drivers are more likely to be involved with metabolic syndrome and its related complications because of their specific working conditions. The outcome may not only be harmful for the drivers, but also can be harmful to community as they play critical role in transportation and traffic sectors. Occupational stresses, physical inactivity, prolonged working hours, and inappropriate dietary habits have all been reported as the contributors to health risk factors in drivers [
14,
15]. Based on these facts this study was conducted to investigate the metabolic syndrome status among the bus and truck male drivers in Kashan located in central part of Iran.