Introduction
Methods and materials
Patient section
Study design
Statistical analysis
Results
Patient characteristics
Characteristics | Exogenous (n = 375) | Endogenous (n = 121) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (%) | 0.023 | ||
≤ 65 | 270 (76.1) | 75 (61.9) | |
> 65 | 105 (23.9) | 46 (38.1) | |
Gender (%) | 0.987 | ||
Female | 210 (43.5) | 67 (55.4) | |
Male | 165 (56.5) | 54 (44.6) | |
Rupture (%) | 0.001 | ||
No | 370 (94.1) | 120 (99.2) | |
Yes | 5 (5.9) | 1 (0.8) | |
Tumor site (%) | 0.013 | ||
Small bend | 130 (34.7) | 38 (31.4) | |
Large bend | 156 (41.6) | 60 (49.6) | |
Fundus | 89 (23.7) | 23 (19.0) | |
Tumor size (%) | 0.002 | ||
< 5 cm | 37 (9.8) | 11 (9.1) | |
2–5 cm | 192 (51.2) | 83 (68.6) | |
> 5 cm | 146 (39.0) | 27 (22.3) | |
Mitotic index (%) | 0.403 | ||
≤ 5/HPF | 268 (71.5) | 92 (76.0) | |
> 5/HPF | 107 (28.5) | 29 (24.0) | |
NIH risk grade (%) | 0.057 | ||
Extremely low or low | 189 (50.4) | 76 (62.8) | |
Moderate or high | 186 (49.6) | 45 (37.2) | |
CD117 (%) | 0.775 | ||
( −) or ( +) | 103 (27.5) | 29 (24.0) | |
(+ +) or (+ + +) | 272 (72.5) | 95 (76.0) | |
CD34 (%) | 0.696 | ||
( −) or ( +) | 69 (18.4) | 12 (10.0) | |
(+ +) or (+ + +) | 306 (81.6) | 109 (90.0) | |
Surgical history (%) | 308 (82.1) | 95 (78.5) | 0.451 |
HB (X̄) | 127 | 124 | 0.124 |
ALB (X̄) | 40.4 | 39.95 | 0.172 |
Adjuvant imatinib (%) | 279 (74.4) | 87 (72.0) | 0.671 |
Basic disease (%) | 215 (57.3) | 68 (56.2) | 0.909 |
Resection style (%) | 0.026 | ||
Mesenchymal resection | 331 (88.3) | 96 (79.3) | |
Distal gastrectomy | 14 (3.7) | 12 (10.0) | |
Proximal gastrectomy | 18 (4.8) | 10 (8.3) | |
Total gastrectomy | 12 (3.2) | 3 (2.4) | |
Surgery time (min) | 120 | 115 | 0.884 |
Intraoperative bleeding(ml) | 50 | 50 | 0.030 |
Characteristics | Exogenous (n = 193) | Endogenous (n = 83) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (%) | 0.002 | ||
≤ 65 | 147 (76.1) | 49 (75.9) | |
> 65 | 46 (23.9) | 34 (24.1) | |
Gender (%) | 0.412 | ||
Female | 84 (43.5) | 52 (62.6) | |
Male | 109(56.5) | 31 (37.4) | |
GI bleeding (%) | 0.082 | ||
No | 143 (78.8) | 61 (73.5) | |
Yes | 50 (21.2) | 18 (26.5) | |
Tumor site (%) | 0.052 | ||
Small bend | 72 (37.3) | 44 (53.0) | |
Large bend | 73 (37.8) | 23 (27.8) | |
Fundus | 48 (24.9) | 16 (19.2) | |
Adjuvant imatinib (%) | 121 (46.2) | 62 (23.7) | 0.307 |
Mitotic index (%) | 0.660 | ||
≤ 5/HPF | 192 (70.1) | 51 (63.0) | |
> 5/HPF | 82 (29.9) | 30 (37.0) | |
NIH risk grade (%) | 0.248 | ||
Extremely low or low | 157 (81.3) | 64 (77.1) | |
Moderate or high | 36 (18.7) | 19 (22.9) | |
CD117 (%) | 0.071 | ||
( −) or ( +) | 55 (28.5) | 18 (21.7) | |
(+ +) or (+ + +) | 138 (71.7) | 65 (78.3) | |
CD34 (%) | 0.286 | ||
( −) or ( +) | 48 (24.9) | 10 (12.1) | |
(+ +) or (+ + +) | 138 (71.5) | 73(87.9) | |
Ki-67 index (%) | 0.372 | ||
< 5% | 155 (80.3) | 64 (77.1) | |
≥ 5% | 38 (19.7) | 19 (22.9) | |
HB (X̄) | 130 | 121 | 0.005 |
ALB (X̄) | 40.3 | 39.7 | 0.078 |
Resection style (%) | 0.200 | ||
Mesenchymal resection | 179 (64.9%) | 70 (25.4%) | |
Distal gastrectomy | 6 (2.2%) | 7 (2.5%) | |
Proximal gastrectomy | 6 (2.2%) | 5 (1.8%) | |
Total gastrectomy | 1 (0.4%) | 1 (0.4%) | |
Basic disease (%) | 87 (31.5%) | 43 (15.6%) | 0.370 |
Surgical history (%) | 37 (13.4%) | 19 (6.9%) | 0.588 |
Impact of exogenous and endogenous factors on prognosis
Factors | Univariate analysis PFS | Multivariate analysis PFS | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95% CI) | p-value | HR (95% CI) | p-value | |
Age | 0.070 | |||
≤ 65 | Reference | |||
> 65 | 1.041 (0.997 ~ 1.086) | |||
Gender | 0.659 | |||
Male | Reference | |||
Female | 1.234 (0.385 ~ 4.412) | |||
GI bleeding | ||||
No | Reference | 0.520 | ||
Yes | 1.374 (0.521 ~ 3.625) | |||
Growth pattern | 0.048 | 0.058 | ||
Exogenous | Reference | Reference | ||
Endogenous | 0.130 (0.017 ~ 0.986) | 7.070 (0.933 ~ 53.595) | ||
Tumor site | 0.887 | |||
Small bend | ||||
Large bend | Reference | |||
Fundus | 1.046 (0.562 ~ 1.945) | |||
Resection style | 0.041 | 0.045 | ||
Mesenchymal resection | Reference | Reference | ||
Distal gastrectomy | 0.121 (0.016 ~ 0.914) | 2.015 (0.190 ~ 14.438) | ||
Proximal gastrectomy | ||||
Total gastrectomy | ||||
Mitotic index | 0.802 | |||
≤ 5/HPF | Reference | |||
> 5/HPF | 1.261 (0.206 ~ 7.699) | |||
NIH risk grade | 0.798 | |||
Extremely low or low | Reference | |||
Moderate or high | 0.841 (0.224 ~ 3.162) | |||
CD117 | 0.747 | |||
( −) or ( +) | Reference | |||
(+ +) or (+ + +) | 0.590 (0.024 ~ 14.513) | |||
CD34 | 0.813 | |||
( −) or ( +) | Reference | |||
(+ +) or (+ + +) | 1.471 (0.060 ~ 36.235) | |||
Ki-67 index | 0.005 | 0.008 | ||
≤ 5% | Reference | Reference | ||
> 5% | 1.206 (1.057 ~ 1.376) | 1.070 (1.018 ~ 1.125) | ||
Basic disease | Reference | 0.788 | ||
1.144 (0.429 ~ 3.049) | ||||
Surgical history | Reference | 0.049 | Reference | 0.031 |
2.914 (1.004 ~ 8.461) | 3.066 (1.110 ~ 8.474) | |||
Adjuvant imatinib | Reference | 0.278 | ||
2.035 (0.564 ~ 7.342) |
Factors | Univariate analysis RFS | Multivariate analysis RFS | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95% CI) | p-value | HR (95% CI) | p-value | |
Age | 0.162 | |||
≤ 65 | Reference | |||
> 65 | 0.951 (0.886 ~ 1.020) | |||
Gender | 0.614 | |||
Male | Reference | |||
Female | 0.672 (0.144 ~ 3.144) | |||
GI bleeding | ||||
No | Reference | 0.044 | Reference | 0.179 |
Yes | 0.293 (0.088 ~ 0.968) | − 1.348 (− 14.456 ~ 2.707) | ||
Growth pattern | 0.938 | |||
Exogenous | Reference | |||
Endogenous | 0.000 (0.000 ~ 7.291E) | |||
Tumor site | 0.839 | |||
Small bend | ||||
Large bend | Reference | |||
Fundus | 1.099 (0.442 ~ 2.734) | |||
Resection style | 0.695 | |||
Mesenchymal resection | Reference | |||
Distal gastrectomy | 0.728 (0.149 ~ 3.757) | |||
Proximal gastrectomy | ||||
Total gastrectomy | ||||
Mitotic index | 0.128 | |||
≤ 5/HPF | Reference | |||
> 5/HPF | 0.001 (0.000 ~ 8.248) | |||
NIH risk grade | 0.117 | |||
Extremely low or low | Reference | |||
Moderate or high | 50.034 (0.224 ~ 3.162) | |||
CD117 | 0.925 | |||
( −) or ( +) | Reference | |||
(+ +) or (+ + +) | 0.849 (0.027 ~ 26.498) | |||
CD34 | 0.249 | |||
( −) or ( +) | Reference | |||
(+ +) or (+ + +) | 7.801 (0.237 ~ 257.082) | |||
Ki-67 index | 0.806 | |||
≤ 5% | Reference | |||
> 5% | 0.970 (0.760 ~ 1.237) | |||
Basic disease | Reference | 0.036 | Reference | 0.588 |
0.276 (0.083 ~ 0.921) | 0.558 (− 7.005 ~ 12.538) | |||
Surgical history | Reference | 0.693 | ||
1.363 (0.293 ~ 6.348) | ||||
Adjuvant imatinib | Reference | 0.686 | ||
1.289 (0.378 ~ 4.397) |