Background
Methods
Patient population
Imaging protocols
Image analysis
Assessment of myocardial infarction by Late Gadolinium Enhancement
Results
Patient characteristics
All (n = 86) | Revascularization (n = 35) | No Revascularization (n = 51) | p-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 57 ± 12 | 58 ± 11 | 57 ± 14 | 0.32 |
Gender, male | 73 (85%) | 32 (91%) | 41 (80%) | 0.16 |
History of hypertension | 54 (63%) | 26 (74%) | 28 (55%) | 0.07 |
History of HL | 59 (69%) | 25 (71%) | 34 (67%) | 0.64 |
History of diabetes | 24 (28%) | 11 (31%) | 13 (25%) | 0.55 |
History of smoking | 26 (30%) | 12 (34%) | 14 (27%) | 0.50 |
Beta Blocker Use | 62 (78%) | 27 (90%) | 35 (71%) | 0.06 |
Ace-I or ARB Use | 45 (57%) | 17 (57%) | 28 (57%) | 0.36 |
Coronary anatomy, n (%) | ||||
1 vessel disease | 13 (15%) | 3 (9%) | 10 (20%) | 0.16 |
2 vessels disease† | 24 (28%) | 7 (21%) | 17 (33%) | 0.17 |
3 vessels disease | 49 (57%) | 25 (71%) | 24 (47%) |
0.02
|
ICD placement (%) | 31 (36%) | 8 (23%) | 24 (47%) |
0.02
|
Scar volume (cm3) | 13.7 ± 12.7 | 14.5 ± 12.0 | 13.1 ± 13.3 | 0.60 |
Scar % of myocardium (%) | 8.3 ± 6.9 | 9.2 ± 7.6 | 7.8 ± 6.3 | 0.37 |
LVEF (%) | 26 ± 12 | 29 ± 13 | 24 ± 11 | 0.10 |
LVEDV (ml%) | 231 ± 83 | 230 ± 97 | 232 ± 73 | 0.88 |
LVESV (ml%) | 177 ± 83 | 173 ± 96 | 180 ± 74 | 0.69 |
LVED mass/volume (g/ml) | 0.79 ± 0.30 | 0.83 ± 0.28 | 0.77 ± 0.31 | 0.22 |
Ant, sep infarct lesion | 55 (64%) | 23 (66%) | 32 (63%) | 0.78 |
Lat infarct lesion | 40 (47%) | 16 (46%) | 24 (47%) | 0.53 |
Inf infarct lesion | 63 (73%) | 25 (71%) | 38 (75%) | 0.75 |
Cardiovascular events | 33 (38%) | 16 (46%) | 17 (33%) | 0.24 |
Cardiac magnetic resonance parameters to predict cardiovascular events
Cardiovascular events (+) | Cardiovascular events (-) | p – value | |
---|---|---|---|
Scar volume (cm3) | 16.8 ± 12.4 | 11.7 ± 12.6 |
0.023
|
Scar % of the myocardium (%) | 10.2 ± 6.9 | 7.2 ± 6.7 |
0.037
|
LVEF (%) | 25 ± 10 | 27 ± 13 | 0.26 |
LVEDV (ml) | 234 ± 76 | 230 ± 88 | 0.41 |
LVESV (ml) | 180 ± 73 | 175 ± 90 | 0.40 |
LVED mass/volume (g/ml) | 0.73 ± 0.25 | 0.84 ± 0.32 | 0.06 |
Cardiovascular events (+) | Cardiovascular events (-) | p – value | |
---|---|---|---|
Non-transmural MI (1–75% scar of myocardium) | 18.4 ± 14.0 | 13.8 ± 11.2 |
0.049
|
1 – 25% scar of myocardium | 9.2 ± 11.0 | 6.7 ± 9.3 | 0.12 |
26 – 50% scar of myocardium | 9.2 ± 10.6 | 3.2 ± 3.6 |
0.03
|
51 – 75% scar of myocardium | 3.5 ± 4.2 | 4.0 ± 4.5 | 0.30 |
Transmural MI (76–100% scar of myocardium) | 5.8 ± 10.2 | 7.2 ± 11.4 | 0.28 |
Correlation between scar characteristics and functional parameters
Effects of revascularization
Clinical parameters to predict cardiovascular events
Cardiovascular events (+) (n = 33) | Cardiovascular events (-) (n = 53) | p-value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 56 ± 13 | 58 ± 12 | 0.18 |
Gender, male | 28 (85%) | 45 (85%) | 0.99 |
History of hypertension | 22 (67%) | 32 (60%) | 0.56 |
History of hyperlipidemia | 22 (67%) | 37 (70%) | 0.76 |
History of diabetes | 11 (33%) | 13 (25%) | 0.38 |
Beta Blocker Use | 25 (81%) | 37 (77%) | 0.10 |
Ace-I or ARB Use | 18 (58%) | 27 (56%) | 0.25 |
History of smoking | 13 (39%) | 13 (25%) | 0.14 |
Coronary anatomy, n (%) | |||
1 vessel disease | 3 (9%) | 10 (19%) | 0.22 |
2 vessels disease | 10 (30%) | 14 (26%) | 0.70 |
3 vessels disease | 20 (61%) | 29 (55%) | 0.59 |