Introduction
Methods
Study population
Clinical Diagnosis | No. (%) | RT3D-TTE application |
---|---|---|
Normal subjects | 35(11%) | volume quantification of LV and RV anatomical and functional assessment of MV and TV |
Ischemic Heart Disease | 35(11%) | volume quantification of LV and RV |
Cardiomyopathies | 44(13.7%) | volume quantification of LV and RV |
Pulmonary hypertension | 13(4.3%) | volume quantification of RV anatomical and functional assessment of TV |
Rheumatic Heart Disease | 50(16.6%) | anatomical and functional assessment of all valves |
Prosthetic valves and rings | 30(10%) | anatomical and functional assessment of all valves |
Congenital heart disease | ||
• MVP | 5(1.7%) | Define the prolapsed scallop and assess mitral regurgitation |
• ASD | 18(6%) | |
• VSD | 6(2%) | Measure number, size& rims. |
• PFO | 3(1%) | |
• Malformed AV | 25(8%) | Define cusps (number & morphology). Measure valve area |
• PS | 5(1.7%) | |
Intracardiac masses and thrombi | 52(17.3%) | Anatomical delineation and volume calculation |
Transthoracic 2DE examination
Transthoracic RT3D-TTE examination
Qualitative analysis
Chamber quantification
Qualitative and quantitative assessment of valves
Assessment of ventricular and atrial septal defects (ASD and VSD)
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR)
Statistical analysis
Results
LV analysis
2D-TTE | CMR | RT3D-TTE |
P value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
* | $ | £ | ||||
LV end-diastolic (mL) | 126.6 ± 40.9 | 167.2 ± 65.3 | 143.9 ± 45.7 | 0.005 | 0.09 | 0.06 |
Mean difference | (62.2 ± 37.9) | (61.2 ± 46.2) | ||||
LV end-systolic (mL) | 89.7 ± 38.4 | 108.0 ± 65.9 | 97.1 ± 46.6 | 0.0001 | 0.01 | 0.02 |
Mean difference | (45.0 ± 31.6) | (47.5 ± 32.9) | ||||
LV ejection fraction (%) | 29.4 ± 0.8 | 35.3 ± 0.5 | 32.2 ± 0.4 | |||
RV end-diastolic (mL) | 107.2 ± 30.5 | 135.2 ± 40.3 | 125.1 ± 35.4 | 0.0001 | 0.07 | 0.14 |
RV end-systolic (mL) | 52.6 ± 17. 5 | 68.1 ± 25.8 | 64.7 ± 23. 6 | 0.0001 | 0.40 | 0.19 |
RV ejection fraction (%) | 51. 4 ± 40.6 | 49.6 ± 35.2 | 48.8 ± 30. 9 |