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Advances in Gerontology

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01.01.2019 | Society

Society for All Ages: Are There Any Prerequisites for its Formation in Russia?

verfasst von: N. N. Shestakova, M. B. Skvortsova

Erschienen in: Advances in Gerontology | Ausgabe 1/2019

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Abstract

The problems of intergenerational interactions in the spheres of labor and leisure are studied in the context of the idea of a society for all ages. The results of measurement of intergenerational relations with sociological methods are presented. An attempt at measuring intergenerational relationships was made in the course of an expert survey conducted by the authors in 2016 within the framework of the project no. 16-02-00495 “Human Capital of the Senior Generation: Preservation and Use,” which was supported by the Russian Foundation for Humanities and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research. The trends in the application and transformation of mentoring phenomenon were studied, including the establishment of a mixed-age workforce. Facts proving the elderly population’s inclination towards mixed-aged, leisure communication are also revealed. The most important human qualities of the senior generation handed down to children and youth are identified.

The creation of multiage teams is another currently growing trend.

In the international system proposed above, its developers tried to reflect this factor through the indicators “percentage of the population that provided unpaid care services to their children and grandchildren” and “percentage of the population that provided unpaid care services to elderly adults.” At the same time, we can speak in this case of the partial “conditionally formalized” intersection of two aspects of the considered indicator system, i.e., “provision of unofficial care services” and “intergenerational transfers.”

The formulation of this question in our study is original and unparalleled.

This is in complete agreement with the results obtained, for example, by V. A. Kushtaninа [14].

This is what in the system above is called “intergenerational transfers (within the family).”

This is what in the system above is called “intergenerational dialog.”

In this case, the middle generation refers to persons not belonging to the family circle.

The same picture with regard to family transfers is also observed in economically developed countries: “A large study in Europe and North America showed that downward financial flows from parents in the second generation (or in the third generation) to children (parents in the first generation) and grandchildren are the most pronounced” [1, p. 63 with reference to 31, 32, 33], as well as [34‐37]. Similar conclusions have been drawn by many domestic researchers [e.g., 4–6, 9, 11, p. 65–68; 18, 23, 26, 28].

Demographer S. Shcherbov introduced into scientific use a characteristic approach to the concept of aging, implying by this the illegality of comparing people of the same age in different countries or in different periods of time [8].

It is important to recall, however, that we gave preference during the survey to experts who still remained employed.

Arber, S., Gender, marital status and intergenerational relations in a changing world, in Global Ageing in the 21st Century: Challenges, Opportunities, and Implications, McDaniel, S. and Zimmer, Z., Eds., Farnham: Ashgate, 2013, pp. 215–234.

2012 Vienna Ministerial Declaration “Ensuring a society for all ages: Promoting quality of life and active ageing,” no. ECE/AC.30/2012/3. http://www.unece.org/population/ageing. Accessed January 12, 2017.

Meeting of the President of the Russian Federation with participants of the Nastavnik Forum, February 14, 2018. http://www.kremlin.ru/events/president/58658. Accessed March 17, 2018.

Gladnikova, E.V., Overview of approaches to the analysis of particular intergenerational transfers, Ekon. Sotsiol., 2009, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 93–110.

Grigor’eva, I.A., Bershadskaya, L.A., and Dmitrieva, A.V., Towards normative model of society with elderly people, Sotsiol. Sots. Antropol., 2014, vol. 17, no. 3 (74), pp. 151–167.

Grigor’eva, I.A., Bikkulov, A.S., and Tsinchenko, G.M., Aging, intergenerational interactions, and employment of elderly people, Uprav. Konsul’tirovanie, 2014, no. 12, pp. 101–110.

Delitsyn, L.L., Prefigurative culture type: how to overcome the digital break?, in Rossiya: tendentsii i perspektivy razvitiya (Trends and Prospective Development of Russia), Moscow: Inst. Nauchn. Inf. Obshch. Naukam, Ross. Akad. Nauk, 2011, no. 6, part 2. http://innclub.info/wpontent/uploads/2011/04/Дели-цин_1_соц_тех_дд.doc. Accessed February 15, 2017.

Demographer Sergey Shcherbov told students of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration about the prospective age. http://www.ranepa.ru/sobytiya/novosti/demografsergej-shherbov-rasskazal-studentam-ranhigs-o-perspektivnomvozraste. Accessed May 17, 2017.

Zagrebina, A.V. and Surkov, A.V., Sociological aspects of altruism in intergenerational relations, Sotsiol. Issled., 2010, no. 11 (319), pp. 105–109.

10.

Insignia “For Mentoring” has been established in Russia. http://www.interfax.ru/russia/602421. Accessed March 17, 2018.

11.

Irsetskaya, E.A., Cases of interaction of pensioners with the inner circle, Vestn. Ross. Gos. Gumanit. Univ., Filos., Sotsiol., Iskusstvoved., 2016, no. 2 (4), pp. 63–70.

12.

Kiselev, V.N., Factors of formation of labor values of workers in modern conditions, Sotsium Vlast’, 2013, no. 3 (41), pp. 55–60.

13.

Kosharnyi, N.V. and Korzh, N.V., Labor values and statements of students, Izv. VUZov Povolzh. Reg., Obshch. Nauki, 2012, no. 1 (21), pp. 126–135.

14.

Kushtanina, V.A., Retirement as a moment of identity review, Mir Ross., 2008, no. 4, pp. 152–163.

15.

Lyashok, V.Yu. and Roshchin, S.Yu., Yong and old workers on the Russian labor market: substitutes or not?, Preprint of the Higher School of Economics National Research University, Moscow, 2016.

16.

The Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing and the Political Declaration adopted at the Second World Assembly on Ageing in April 2002. http://www.un.org/ru/documents/decl_conv/declarations/ageing_program_ch1.shtml. Accessed May 18, 2017.

17.

Mead, M., Culture and Commitment, New York: Natural History Press, 1970.

18.

Mironova, A.A., Related intergenerational solidarity in Russia, Sotsiol. Issled., 2014, no. 10, pp. 136–142.

19.

Mikhailova, O.N., 10th Anniversary of International year of elderly man: towards society for all ages, Usp. Gerontol., 2009, no. 4, pp. 535–538.

20.

Survey “Parents and children, men and women in the family and society” as a part of International program “Generations & Gender,” Presentation. http://rpp.nashaucheba.ru/docs/index-5929.html.

21.

Pishnyak, A.I., Sinyavskaya, O.V., and Tyndik, A.O., Winners and losers in the crisis, SPERO. Sots. Polit.: Eksp., Rekom., Obzory, 2012, no. 15, pp. 67–104.

22.

Popova, D.O., The transformation of family values and the second demographic transition in Russia: who are among leaders?, in Roditeli i deti, muzhchiny i zhenshchiny v sem’e i obshchestve (Parents and Children, Men and Women in the Family and Society), Moscow: Nezavisimyi Inst. Sots. Polit., 2009, no. 2. http://www.libed.ru/knigi-nauka/411074–5-roditeli-deti-muzhchini-zhenschini-seme-obschestve-materialamodnogo-issledovaniya-sbornik-analiticheskih-statey-vip.php.

23.

Prokof’eva, L.M. and Mironova, A.A., The role of inter-family exchange in the system of material support and care for the elderly people in modern Russia, Demogr. Obozr., 2015, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 69–86.

24.

Parents and children, men and women in the family and society. http://sophist.hse.ru/db/oprosy. shtml?ts=331&en=0.

25.

Guidelines for National Focal Points on Ageing Adopted by the Bureau of the Working Group on Ageing, May 2015. http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/pau/age/WGA-NFP/Guidelines_for_National_Focal_Points_2015.pdf. Accessed January 19, 2018.

26.

Sinyavskaya, O.V. and Gladnikova, E.V., Adult children and their parents: intensity of contacts, Demoscope Weekly, 2007, nos. 287–288. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/2007/0287/s_map.php#1. Accessed March 27, 2018.

27.

Smirnova, T.V., Employment prospects of the elderly people in conditions of demographic aging, Zh. Sotsiol. Sots. Antropol., 2007, no. 2, pp. 123–133.

28.

Smirnova, T.V., Work at retirement age: motives, factors of influence, and results, Vestn. Sarat. Gos. Sots.-Ekon. Univ., 2015, no. 2 (56), pp. 128–131.

29.

Trofimova, N.B., Dynamics of youth values and their transformation, Izv. Voronezh. Gos. Pedagog. Univ., 2015, no. 1 (206), pp. 242–246.

30.

Age action for all older people, Briefing paper October 1, 2016. https://www.ageaction.ie/sites/default/files/attachments/mandatory_retirement_-_age_action_brie-fing_paper_1.pdf. Accessed March 7, 2017.

31.

Albertini, M., Kohli, M., and Vogel, C., Intergenerational transfers of time and money in European families: common themes—different regimes?, J. Eur. Soc. Policy, 2007, no. 17, pp. 319–334.

32.

Attias-Donfut, C. and Woolf, F.-C., The redistributive effects of generational transfers, in The Myth of Generational Conflict, London: Routledge, 2000.

33.

Attias-Donfut, C. and Woolf, F.-C., Complementarity between private and public transfers, in The Myth of Generational Conflict, London: Routledge, 2000.

34.

Becker, H., A pattern of generations and its consequences, in Dynamics of Cohort and Generations Research, Proceedings of Cohort and Generations Research, West Lafayette: Purdue Univ. Press, 1992.

35.

Lee, R.D., Intergenerational transfers and the economic life cycle: a cross-cultural perspective, in Sharing the Wealth: Demographic Change and Economic Transfers between Generations, Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 2001.

36.

Mannheim, K., Das Problem der Generationen, in Jugend in der Modernen Gesellschaft, von Friedeburg, L., Ed., Köln: Kiepenheuer & Witsch, 1972, pp. 23–48.

37.

McDaniel, S.A., Intergenerational transfers, social solidarity, and social policy: unanswered questions and policy challenges, Anal. Polit., 1997, vol. 23, pp. 1–21.

38.

Resolution adopted by the General Assembly (on the report of the Third Committee (A/50/628)) 50/141, International Year of Older Persons: towards a society for all ages. http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/50/141. Accessed March 26, 2018.

39.

Resolution adopted by the General Assembly (on the report of the Third Committee (A/52/634)) 52/80, International Year of Older Persons: towards a society for all ages. http://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/52/80. Accessed March 26, 2018.

40.

World Population Ageing 1950–2050: Report, New York: U.N. Dep. Econ. Soc. Aff. Popul. Div., 2015, p. 2. http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/ageing/WPA2015_Report.pdf. Accessed April 9, 2017.

41.

World Population Ageing 1950–2050: Report, New York: U.N. Dep. Econ. Soc. Aff. Popul. Div., 2015, p. 2. http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/worldageing19502050/pdf/09_russianexec.pdf. Accessed April 13, 2017.

Titel: Society for All Ages: Are There Any Prerequisites for its Formation in Russia?
verfasst von: N. N. Shestakova
M. B. Skvortsova
Publikationsdatum: 01.01.2019
Verlag: Pleiades Publishing
Schlagwörter: Society
Birth
Erschienen in: Advances in Gerontology / Ausgabe 1/2019
Print ISSN: 2079-0570
Elektronische ISSN: 2079-0589
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079057019010144

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