Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Community Mental Health Journal 2/2015

01.02.2015 | Original Paper

Suicide Risk and Mental Health Co-morbidities in a Probationer Population

verfasst von: Roberto Cardarelli, Elizabeth Balyakina, Kendra Malone, Kimberly G. Fulda, Michael Ellison, Ron Sivernell, Tanjina Shabu

Erschienen in: Community Mental Health Journal | Ausgabe 2/2015

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Mental health problems are disproportionately represented in the community corrections system with limited information on the epidemiology of mental health and correlated factors such as suicide among probationers. This study recruited 2,077 probationers who completed screeners for mental health and substance disorders and suicide risk. Results found 13 % of probationers were at high risk of suicide. Those who screened positive for a mental health condition were between 2 and 8 times more likely to screen positive for suicide risk. Allocation of additional resources to mental health in the criminal justice system and to effectively coordinate existing mental health services is needed.
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
Zurück zum Zitat Arroll, B., Goodyear-Smith, F., Kerse, N., Fishman, T., & Gunn, J. (2005). Effect of the addition of a “help” question to two screening questions on specificity for diagnosis of depression in general practice: Diagnostic validity study. BMJ, 331, 884–886.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Arroll, B., Goodyear-Smith, F., Kerse, N., Fishman, T., & Gunn, J. (2005). Effect of the addition of a “help” question to two screening questions on specificity for diagnosis of depression in general practice: Diagnostic validity study. BMJ, 331, 884–886.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Beautrais, A. L. (2004). Further suicidal behavior among medically serious suicide attempters. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 34(1), 1–11.PubMedCrossRef Beautrais, A. L. (2004). Further suicidal behavior among medically serious suicide attempters. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 34(1), 1–11.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Borges, G., Nock, M. K., Haro Abad, J. M., Hwang, I., Sampson, N. A., Alonso, J., et al. (2010). Twelve-month prevalence of and risk factors for suicide attempts in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 71(12), 1617–1628.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Borges, G., Nock, M. K., Haro Abad, J. M., Hwang, I., Sampson, N. A., Alonso, J., et al. (2010). Twelve-month prevalence of and risk factors for suicide attempts in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 71(12), 1617–1628.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Burrell, W. (2005). Trends in probation and parole in the states The Book of the States 2005: The Council of State Governments. In File: Reprinted from. Burrell, W. (2005). Trends in probation and parole in the states The Book of the States 2005: The Council of State Governments. In File: Reprinted from.
Zurück zum Zitat Cahill, B. S., Coolidge, F. L., Segal, D. L., Klebe, K. J., Marle, P. D., & Overmann, K. A. (2012). Prevalence of ADHD and its subtypes in male and female adult prison inmates. Behavioral Sciences & The Law, 30(2), 154–166.CrossRef Cahill, B. S., Coolidge, F. L., Segal, D. L., Klebe, K. J., Marle, P. D., & Overmann, K. A. (2012). Prevalence of ADHD and its subtypes in male and female adult prison inmates. Behavioral Sciences & The Law, 30(2), 154–166.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Canetto, S. S., & Sakinofsky, I. (1998). The gender paradox in suicide. Suicide and Lifethreatening Behavior, 28(1), 1–23. Canetto, S. S., & Sakinofsky, I. (1998). The gender paradox in suicide. Suicide and Lifethreatening Behavior, 28(1), 1–23.
Zurück zum Zitat Castillo, E. D., & Fiftal Alarid, L. (2011). Factors associated with recidivism among offenders with mental illness. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 55(1), 98–117.PubMedCrossRef Castillo, E. D., & Fiftal Alarid, L. (2011). Factors associated with recidivism among offenders with mental illness. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 55(1), 98–117.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Coolidge, F. L., Segal, D. L., Klebe, K. J., Cahill, B. S., & Whitcomb, J. M. (2009). Psychometric properties of the Coolidge Correctional Inventory in a sample of 3,962 prison inmates. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 27(5), 713–726.CrossRef Coolidge, F. L., Segal, D. L., Klebe, K. J., Cahill, B. S., & Whitcomb, J. M. (2009). Psychometric properties of the Coolidge Correctional Inventory in a sample of 3,962 prison inmates. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 27(5), 713–726.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Cox, J. F., Morschauser, P. C., Banks, S., & Stone, J. L. (2001). A five-year population study of persons involved in the mental health and local correctional systems: Implications for service planning. Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, 28(2), 177.CrossRef Cox, J. F., Morschauser, P. C., Banks, S., & Stone, J. L. (2001). A five-year population study of persons involved in the mental health and local correctional systems: Implications for service planning. Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, 28(2), 177.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Crilly, J. F., Caine, E. D., Lamberti, J. S., Brown, T., & Friedman, B. (2009). Mental health services use and symptom prevalence in a cohort of adults on probation. Psychiatric Services (Washington, D. C.), 60(4), 542–544. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.60.4.542.CrossRef Crilly, J. F., Caine, E. D., Lamberti, J. S., Brown, T., & Friedman, B. (2009). Mental health services use and symptom prevalence in a cohort of adults on probation. Psychiatric Services (Washington, D. C.), 60(4), 542–544. doi:10.​1176/​appi.​ps.​60.​4.​542.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Cunningham, P. J. (2009). Beyond parity: Primary care physicians’ perspectives on access to mental health care. Health Affairs, 28(3), w490–w501.PubMedCrossRef Cunningham, P. J. (2009). Beyond parity: Primary care physicians’ perspectives on access to mental health care. Health Affairs, 28(3), w490–w501.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat DeNavas-Walt, C., Proctor, B. D., & Smith, J. C. (2012). U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Reports, P60-243, Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2011. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. DeNavas-Walt, C., Proctor, B. D., & Smith, J. C. (2012). U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Reports, P60-243, Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2011. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Zurück zum Zitat Dennis, M. L., Chan, Y. F., & Funk, R. R. (2006). Development and validation of the GAIN short screener (GSS) for internalizing, externalizing and substance use disorders and crime/violence problems among adolescents and adults. The American Journal on Addictions, 15, s80–s91. doi:10.1080/10550490601006055.CrossRef Dennis, M. L., Chan, Y. F., & Funk, R. R. (2006). Development and validation of the GAIN short screener (GSS) for internalizing, externalizing and substance use disorders and crime/violence problems among adolescents and adults. The American Journal on Addictions, 15, s80–s91. doi:10.​1080/​1055049060100605​5.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Dennis, M., Feeney, T., Stevens, L., & Bedoya, L. (2008). Global appraisal of individual needs—short screener (GAIN-SS): Administration and Scoring Manual Version 2.0.3. Normal, IL. Dennis, M., Feeney, T., Stevens, L., & Bedoya, L. (2008). Global appraisal of individual needsshort screener (GAIN-SS): Administration and Scoring Manual Version 2.0.3. Normal, IL.
Zurück zum Zitat Ditton, P. (1999). Burea of justice statistics special report: Mental health and treatment of inmates and probationers. Ditton, P. (1999). Burea of justice statistics special report: Mental health and treatment of inmates and probationers.
Zurück zum Zitat Eyestone, L. L., & Howell, R. J. (1994). An epidemiological study of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and major depression in a male prison population. Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 22(2), 181–193.PubMed Eyestone, L. L., & Howell, R. J. (1994). An epidemiological study of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and major depression in a male prison population. Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 22(2), 181–193.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Fulwiler, C., Forbes, C., Santangelo, S. L., & Folstein, M. (1997). Self-mutilation and suicide attempt: Distinguishing features in prisoners. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online, 25(1), 69–77. Fulwiler, C., Forbes, C., Santangelo, S. L., & Folstein, M. (1997). Self-mutilation and suicide attempt: Distinguishing features in prisoners. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online, 25(1), 69–77.
Zurück zum Zitat Gunter, T. D., Chibnall, J. T., Antoniak, S. K., Philibert, R. A., & Hollenbeck, N. (2011). Predictors of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and self-harm without lethal intent in a community corrections sample. Journal of Criminal Justice Addiction and the Criminal Justice System, 39, 238–245. Gunter, T. D., Chibnall, J. T., Antoniak, S. K., Philibert, R. A., & Hollenbeck, N. (2011). Predictors of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and self-harm without lethal intent in a community corrections sample. Journal of Criminal Justice Addiction and the Criminal Justice System, 39, 238–245.
Zurück zum Zitat Harris, E. C., & Barraclough, B. (1997). Suicide as an outcome for mental disorders. A meta-analysis. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 170(3), 205–228.PubMedCrossRef Harris, E. C., & Barraclough, B. (1997). Suicide as an outcome for mental disorders. A meta-analysis. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 170(3), 205–228.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hausmann, L. R. M., Hannon, M. J., Kresevic, D. M., Hanusa, B. H., Kwoh, C. K., & Ibrahim, S. A. (2011). Impact of perceived discrimination in healthcare on patient-provider communication. Medical Care, 49(7), 626.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Hausmann, L. R. M., Hannon, M. J., Kresevic, D. M., Hanusa, B. H., Kwoh, C. K., & Ibrahim, S. A. (2011). Impact of perceived discrimination in healthcare on patient-provider communication. Medical Care, 49(7), 626.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Held, M. L., Brown, C. A., Frost, L. E., Hickey, J. S., & Buck, D. S. (2012). Integrated primary and behavioral health care in patient-centered medical homes for jail releasees with mental illness. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 39(4), 533–551.CrossRef Held, M. L., Brown, C. A., Frost, L. E., Hickey, J. S., & Buck, D. S. (2012). Integrated primary and behavioral health care in patient-centered medical homes for jail releasees with mental illness. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 39(4), 533–551.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hogan, M. F. (2003). New freedom commission report: The president’s new freedom commission: Recommendations to transform mental health care in America. Psychiatric Services, 54(11), 1467–1474.PubMedCrossRef Hogan, M. F. (2003). New freedom commission report: The president’s new freedom commission: Recommendations to transform mental health care in America. Psychiatric Services, 54(11), 1467–1474.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Impey, M., & Heun, R. (2012). Completed suicide, ideation and attempt in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 125(2), 93–102.PubMedCrossRef Impey, M., & Heun, R. (2012). Completed suicide, ideation and attempt in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 125(2), 93–102.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat James, A., Lai, F. H., & Dahl, C. (2004). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and suicide: A review of possible associations. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 110(6), 408–415.PubMedCrossRef James, A., Lai, F. H., & Dahl, C. (2004). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and suicide: A review of possible associations. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 110(6), 408–415.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kariminia, A., Law, M. G., Butler, T. G., Levy, M. H., Corben, S. P., Kaldor, J. M., et al. (2007). Suicide risk among recently released prisoners in New South Wales, Australia. Medical Journal of Australia, 187(7), 387–390.PubMed Kariminia, A., Law, M. G., Butler, T. G., Levy, M. H., Corben, S. P., Kaldor, J. M., et al. (2007). Suicide risk among recently released prisoners in New South Wales, Australia. Medical Journal of Australia, 187(7), 387–390.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Kessler, R. C., Adler, L., Ames, M., Demler, O., Faraone, S., & Hiripi, E. V. A. (2005). The World Health Organization adult ADHD self-report scale (ASRS): A short screening scale for use in the general population. Psychological Medicine, 35(02), 245–256.PubMedCrossRef Kessler, R. C., Adler, L., Ames, M., Demler, O., Faraone, S., & Hiripi, E. V. A. (2005). The World Health Organization adult ADHD self-report scale (ASRS): A short screening scale for use in the general population. Psychological Medicine, 35(02), 245–256.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., Williams, J. B. W., Monahan, P. O., & Löwe, B. (2007). Anxiety disorders in primary care: Prevalence, impairment, comorbidity, and detection. Annals of Internal Medicine, 146(5), W317–W377.CrossRef Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., Williams, J. B. W., Monahan, P. O., & Löwe, B. (2007). Anxiety disorders in primary care: Prevalence, impairment, comorbidity, and detection. Annals of Internal Medicine, 146(5), W317–W377.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Murphy, K., & Barkley, R. A. (1996). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adults: Comorbidities and adaptive impairments. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 37(6), 393–401.PubMedCrossRef Murphy, K., & Barkley, R. A. (1996). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adults: Comorbidities and adaptive impairments. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 37(6), 393–401.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Nock, M. K., Hwang, I., Sampson, N., Kessler, R. C., Angermeyer, M., Beautrais, A., et al. (2009). Cross-national analysis of the associations among mental disorders and suicidal behavior: Findings from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. PLoS Med, 6(8), e1000123.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Nock, M. K., Hwang, I., Sampson, N., Kessler, R. C., Angermeyer, M., Beautrais, A., et al. (2009). Cross-national analysis of the associations among mental disorders and suicidal behavior: Findings from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. PLoS Med, 6(8), e1000123.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Petersilia, J. (1997). Probation in the United States. Crime and Justice, 22, 149–200.CrossRef Petersilia, J. (1997). Probation in the United States. Crime and Justice, 22, 149–200.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Pirkis, J., & Burgess, P. (1998). Suicide and recency of health care contacts. A systematic review. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 173(6), 462–474.PubMedCrossRef Pirkis, J., & Burgess, P. (1998). Suicide and recency of health care contacts. A systematic review. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 173(6), 462–474.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Pollack, H., & Khoshnood, K. (1999). Health care delivery strategies for criminal offenders. Journal of Health Care Finance, 26(1), 63.PubMed Pollack, H., & Khoshnood, K. (1999). Health care delivery strategies for criminal offenders. Journal of Health Care Finance, 26(1), 63.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Pratt, D., Appleby, L., Piper, M., Webb, R., & Shaw, J. (2010). Suicide in recently released prisoners: A case-control study. Psychological Medicine, 40(05), 827–835.PubMedCrossRef Pratt, D., Appleby, L., Piper, M., Webb, R., & Shaw, J. (2010). Suicide in recently released prisoners: A case-control study. Psychological Medicine, 40(05), 827–835.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Quality, C. f. B. H. S. a. (2011). Characteristics of probation and parole admissions aged 18 or older. Rockville, MD. Quality, C. f. B. H. S. a. (2011). Characteristics of probation and parole admissions aged 18 or older. Rockville, MD.
Zurück zum Zitat Rihmer, Z., Gonda, X., Rihmer, A., & Fountoulakis, K. N. (2010). Suicidal and violent behaviour in mood disorders: A major public health problem. A review for the clinician. International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 14(2), 88–94.PubMedCrossRef Rihmer, Z., Gonda, X., Rihmer, A., & Fountoulakis, K. N. (2010). Suicidal and violent behaviour in mood disorders: A major public health problem. A review for the clinician. International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 14(2), 88–94.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Rösler, M., Retz, W., Retz-Junginger, P., Hengesch, G., Schneider, M., Supprian, T., et al. (2004). Prevalence of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and comorbid disorders in young male prison inmates*. Paper presented at the European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00406-004-0516-z. Rösler, M., Retz, W., Retz-Junginger, P., Hengesch, G., Schneider, M., Supprian, T., et al. (2004). Prevalence of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and comorbid disorders in young male prison inmates*. Paper presented at the European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience. http://​dx.​doi.​org/​10.​1007/​s00406-004-0516-z.
Zurück zum Zitat Rösler, M., Retz, W., Yaqoobi, K., Burg, E., & Retz-Junginger, P. (2009). Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in female offenders: Prevalence, psychiatric comorbidity and psychosocial implications. Paper presented at the European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00406-008-0841-8. Rösler, M., Retz, W., Yaqoobi, K., Burg, E., & Retz-Junginger, P. (2009). Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in female offenders: Prevalence, psychiatric comorbidity and psychosocial implications. Paper presented at the European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience. http://​dx.​doi.​org/​10.​1007/​s00406-008-0841-8.
Zurück zum Zitat Salisbury, E. J., Van Voorhis, P., & Spiropoulos, G. V. (2009). The predictive validity of a gender-responsive needs assessment: An exploratory study. Crime & Delinquency, 55(4), 550–585.CrossRef Salisbury, E. J., Van Voorhis, P., & Spiropoulos, G. V. (2009). The predictive validity of a gender-responsive needs assessment: An exploratory study. Crime & Delinquency, 55(4), 550–585.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sattar, G. (2003). The death of offenders in England and Wales. Crisis, 24(1), 17–23.PubMed Sattar, G. (2003). The death of offenders in England and Wales. Crisis, 24(1), 17–23.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Simon, V., Czobor, P., Bálint, S., Mészáros, Á., & Bitter, I. (2009). Prevalence and correlates of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Meta-analysis. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 194(3), 204–211.PubMedCrossRef Simon, V., Czobor, P., Bálint, S., Mészáros, Á., & Bitter, I. (2009). Prevalence and correlates of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Meta-analysis. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 194(3), 204–211.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Smedley, B. D., & Stith, A. Y. (2003). Unequal treatment: Confronting racial and ethnic disparities in health care. National Academies Press: Washington, DC. Smedley, B. D., & Stith, A. Y. (2003). Unequal treatment: Confronting racial and ethnic disparities in health care. National Academies Press: Washington, DC.
Zurück zum Zitat Soumerai, S. B., McLaughlin, T. J., Ross-Degnan, D., Casteris, C. S., & Bollini, P. (1994). Effects of limiting medicaid drug-reimbursement benefits on the use of psychotropic agents and acute mental health services by patients with schizophrenia. Paper presented at the New England Journal of Medicine. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199409083311006. Soumerai, S. B., McLaughlin, T. J., Ross-Degnan, D., Casteris, C. S., & Bollini, P. (1994). Effects of limiting medicaid drug-reimbursement benefits on the use of psychotropic agents and acute mental health services by patients with schizophrenia. Paper presented at the New England Journal of Medicine. http://​dx.​doi.​org/​10.​1056/​NEJM199409083311​006.
Zurück zum Zitat Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B. W., & Lowe, B. (2006). A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166(10), 1092–1097.PubMedCrossRef Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B. W., & Lowe, B. (2006). A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166(10), 1092–1097.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat States, T. P. C. o. t. (2008). One in 100: Behind bars in America 2008 (pp. 1–35). States, T. P. C. o. t. (2008). One in 100: Behind bars in America 2008 (pp. 1–35).
Zurück zum Zitat Taxman, F. S. (2008). No illusions: Offender and organizational change in maryland’s proactive community supervision efforts*. Criminology & Public Policy, 7(2), 275–302.CrossRef Taxman, F. S. (2008). No illusions: Offender and organizational change in maryland’s proactive community supervision efforts*. Criminology & Public Policy, 7(2), 275–302.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Tondo, L., Isacsson, G., & Baldessarini, R. J. (2003). Suicidal behaviour in bipolar disorder: Risk and prevention. CNS Drugs, 17(7), 491–511.PubMedCrossRef Tondo, L., Isacsson, G., & Baldessarini, R. J. (2003). Suicidal behaviour in bipolar disorder: Risk and prevention. CNS Drugs, 17(7), 491–511.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Villagonzalo, K. A., Dodd, S., Ng, F., Mihaly, S., Langbein, A., & Berk, M. (2010). The utility of the Mood Disorders Questionnaire as a screening tool in a methadone maintenance treatment program. Paper presented at the International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13651501003686828. Villagonzalo, K. A., Dodd, S., Ng, F., Mihaly, S., Langbein, A., & Berk, M. (2010). The utility of the Mood Disorders Questionnaire as a screening tool in a methadone maintenance treatment program. Paper presented at the International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice. http://​dx.​doi.​org/​10.​3109/​1365150100368682​8.
Zurück zum Zitat Whooley, M., Avins, A., Miranda, J., & Browner, W. (1997). Case-finding instruments for depression. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 12(7), 439–445.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Whooley, M., Avins, A., Miranda, J., & Browner, W. (1997). Case-finding instruments for depression. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 12(7), 439–445.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Wilper, A. P., Woolhandler, S., Lasser, K. E., McCormick, D., Bor, D. H., & Himmelstein, D. U. (2009b). Hypertension, diabetes, and elevated cholesterol among insured and uninsured U.S. adults. Health Affairs (Millwood), 28(6), w1151–w1159. doi:10.1377/hlthaff.28.6.w1151.CrossRef Wilper, A. P., Woolhandler, S., Lasser, K. E., McCormick, D., Bor, D. H., & Himmelstein, D. U. (2009b). Hypertension, diabetes, and elevated cholesterol among insured and uninsured U.S. adults. Health Affairs (Millwood), 28(6), w1151–w1159. doi:10.​1377/​hlthaff.​28.​6.​w1151.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Wunderlich, U., Bronisch, T., Wittchen, H. U., & Carter, R. (2001). Gender differences in adolescents and young adults with suicidal behaviour. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 104(5), 332–339.PubMedCrossRef Wunderlich, U., Bronisch, T., Wittchen, H. U., & Carter, R. (2001). Gender differences in adolescents and young adults with suicidal behaviour. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 104(5), 332–339.PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Suicide Risk and Mental Health Co-morbidities in a Probationer Population
verfasst von
Roberto Cardarelli
Elizabeth Balyakina
Kendra Malone
Kimberly G. Fulda
Michael Ellison
Ron Sivernell
Tanjina Shabu
Publikationsdatum
01.02.2015
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Community Mental Health Journal / Ausgabe 2/2015
Print ISSN: 0010-3853
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-2789
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-014-9771-2

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2015

Community Mental Health Journal 2/2015 Zur Ausgabe

„Übersichtlicher Wegweiser“: Lauterbachs umstrittener Klinik-Atlas ist online

17.05.2024 Klinik aktuell Nachrichten

Sie sei „ethisch geboten“, meint Gesundheitsminister Karl Lauterbach: mehr Transparenz über die Qualität von Klinikbehandlungen. Um sie abzubilden, lässt er gegen den Widerstand vieler Länder einen virtuellen Klinik-Atlas freischalten.

ADHS-Medikation erhöht das kardiovaskuläre Risiko

16.05.2024 Herzinsuffizienz Nachrichten

Erwachsene, die Medikamente gegen das Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-Hyperaktivitätssyndrom einnehmen, laufen offenbar erhöhte Gefahr, an Herzschwäche zu erkranken oder einen Schlaganfall zu erleiden. Es scheint eine Dosis-Wirkungs-Beziehung zu bestehen.

Klinikreform soll zehntausende Menschenleben retten

15.05.2024 Klinik aktuell Nachrichten

Gesundheitsminister Lauterbach hat die vom Bundeskabinett beschlossene Klinikreform verteidigt. Kritik an den Plänen kommt vom Marburger Bund. Und in den Ländern wird über den Gang zum Vermittlungsausschuss spekuliert.

Typ-2-Diabetes und Depression folgen oft aufeinander

14.05.2024 Typ-2-Diabetes Nachrichten

Menschen mit Typ-2-Diabetes sind überdurchschnittlich gefährdet, in den nächsten Jahren auch noch eine Depression zu entwickeln – und umgekehrt. Besonders ausgeprägt ist die Wechselbeziehung laut GKV-Daten bei jüngeren Erwachsenen.

Update Psychiatrie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.