Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Der Internist 12/2011

01.12.2011 | Arzneimitteltherapie

Therapie der Hypertonie mit Diuretika

Wirksamkeit, Sicherheit und Verträglichkeit

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. R. Düsing

Erschienen in: Die Innere Medizin | Ausgabe 12/2011

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Als Diuretika werden bei der Hypertoniebehandlung weltweit die Thiaziddiuretika Hydrochlorothiazid und Bendroflumethiazid und die „thiazidartigen“ Diuretika Chlortalidon und Indapamid eingesetzt und als eine Wirkstoffklasse zusammengefasst. Neuere Befunde weisen jedoch darauf hin, dass sowohl in Bezug auf Blutdrucksenkung als auch auf prognostische Effekte Bendroflumethiazid und Hydrochlorothiazid – zumindest in den üblichen niedrigen Dosierungen – dem Indapamid und insbesondere Chlortalidon unterlegen sind. Dies ist insofern von klinischer Bedeutung, als Hydrochlorothiazid mit großem Abstand der weltweit meistverordnete Vertreter dieser Wirkstoffklasse ist. Einer Dosiserhöhung von Hydrochlorothiazid steht jedoch eine Zunahme der meist dosisabhängigen Nebenwirkungen entgegen. Die zugrunde liegenden Mechanismen der Überlegenheit von Chlortalidon auf prognostische Parameter sind unklar. Hier könnte insbesondere eine Rolle spielen, dass Chlortalidon mit >50 h eine etwa 5-fach längere Halbwertszeit besitzt als Hydrochlorothiazid. Bei verbreitet unregelmäßiger Einnahme antihypertensiver Therapie kommt Chlortalidon als „forgiving drug“ damit ein therapeutischer Vorteil zu. Thiazidartige Diuretika, insbesondere Chlortalidon, sollten damit bei entsprechender Indikationsstellung bei der Hypertoniebehandlung vor Hydrochlorothiazid und Bendroflumethiazid präferiert werden.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Advance Collaborative Group (2007) Effects of a fixed combination of perindopril and indapamide on macrovascular and microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the ADVANCE trial): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 370:829–840CrossRef Advance Collaborative Group (2007) Effects of a fixed combination of perindopril and indapamide on macrovascular and microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the ADVANCE trial): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 370:829–840CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Al Badarin FJ, Abuannadi MA, Lavie CJ et al (2011) Evidence-based diuretic therapy for improving cardiovascular prognosis in systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol 107:1178–1184CrossRef Al Badarin FJ, Abuannadi MA, Lavie CJ et al (2011) Evidence-based diuretic therapy for improving cardiovascular prognosis in systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol 107:1178–1184CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group (2002) Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic. JAMA 288:2981–2997CrossRef ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group (2002) Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic. JAMA 288:2981–2997CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group (2000) Major cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients randomized to doxazosin vs chlorthalidone: The antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial (ALLHAT). JAMA 283:1967–1975CrossRef ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group (2000) Major cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients randomized to doxazosin vs chlorthalidone: The antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial (ALLHAT). JAMA 283:1967–1975CrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Amery A, Birkenhager W, Brixko P et al (1985) Mortality and morbidity results from the European Working Party on High Blood Pressure in the Elderly trial. Lancet 1:1349–1354PubMedCrossRef Amery A, Birkenhager W, Brixko P et al (1985) Mortality and morbidity results from the European Working Party on High Blood Pressure in the Elderly trial. Lancet 1:1349–1354PubMedCrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Beckett NS, Peters R, Fletcher AE, for the HYVET Study Group et al (2008) Treatment of hypertension in patients 80 yrs of age or older. N Engl J Med 358:1887–1898PubMedCrossRef Beckett NS, Peters R, Fletcher AE, for the HYVET Study Group et al (2008) Treatment of hypertension in patients 80 yrs of age or older. N Engl J Med 358:1887–1898PubMedCrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Beckmann WW, Rossmeisl EC, Pettengill RB et al (1940) A study of the effects of sulfanilamide on acid-base metabolism. J Clin Invest 19:635–644CrossRef Beckmann WW, Rossmeisl EC, Pettengill RB et al (1940) A study of the effects of sulfanilamide on acid-base metabolism. J Clin Invest 19:635–644CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Bloom BS (1998) Continuation of initial antihypertensive medication after 1 year of therapy. Clin Ther 20:671–681PubMedCrossRef Bloom BS (1998) Continuation of initial antihypertensive medication after 1 year of therapy. Clin Ther 20:671–681PubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Brown MJ, PalmerCR, Castaigne A et al (2000) Morbidity and mortality in patients randomised to double-blind treatment with a long-acting calcium-channel blocker or diuretic in the International Nifedipine GITS study: Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treatment (INSIGHT). Lancet 356:366–372PubMedCrossRef Brown MJ, PalmerCR, Castaigne A et al (2000) Morbidity and mortality in patients randomised to double-blind treatment with a long-acting calcium-channel blocker or diuretic in the International Nifedipine GITS study: Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treatment (INSIGHT). Lancet 356:366–372PubMedCrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Burke TA, Sturkenboom MC, Lu S et al (2006) Discontinuation of antihypertensive drugs among newly diagnosed hypertensive patients in a UK general practice. J Hypertens 24:1193–1200PubMedCrossRef Burke TA, Sturkenboom MC, Lu S et al (2006) Discontinuation of antihypertensive drugs among newly diagnosed hypertensive patients in a UK general practice. J Hypertens 24:1193–1200PubMedCrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Caro JJ, Speckman JL, Salas M et al (1999) Effect of initial drug choice on persistence with antihypertensive therapy. The importance of actual practice data. Can Med Assoc J 160:41–46 Caro JJ, Speckman JL, Salas M et al (1999) Effect of initial drug choice on persistence with antihypertensive therapy. The importance of actual practice data. Can Med Assoc J 160:41–46
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Carter BL, Ernst ME, Cohen JD (2004) Hydrochlorothiazide versus chlorthalidone: evidence supporting their interchangeability. Hypertension 43:4–9PubMedCrossRef Carter BL, Ernst ME, Cohen JD (2004) Hydrochlorothiazide versus chlorthalidone: evidence supporting their interchangeability. Hypertension 43:4–9PubMedCrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Conlin PR, Gerth WC, Fox J et al (2001) Four-year persistence patterns among patients initiating therapy with the angiotensin II receptor antagonist Losartan versus older antihypertensive drug classes. Clin Ther 23:1999–2010PubMedCrossRef Conlin PR, Gerth WC, Fox J et al (2001) Four-year persistence patterns among patients initiating therapy with the angiotensin II receptor antagonist Losartan versus older antihypertensive drug classes. Clin Ther 23:1999–2010PubMedCrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Cragoe EJ (1976) Diuretics. Chemistry, pharmacology, and medicine. John Wiley & Sons, New York, ISBN 0-471-08366–6 Cragoe EJ (1976) Diuretics. Chemistry, pharmacology, and medicine. John Wiley & Sons, New York, ISBN 0-471-08366–6
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Dahlof B, Sever PS, Poulter NR et al; ASCOT Investigators (2005) Prevention of cardiovascular events with an antihypertensive regimen of amlodipine adding perindopril as required versus atenolol adding bendroflumethiazide as required, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Blood Pressure Lowering Arm (ASCOT-BPLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 366:895–906PubMedCrossRef Dahlof B, Sever PS, Poulter NR et al; ASCOT Investigators (2005) Prevention of cardiovascular events with an antihypertensive regimen of amlodipine adding perindopril as required versus atenolol adding bendroflumethiazide as required, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Blood Pressure Lowering Arm (ASCOT-BPLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 366:895–906PubMedCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Davis BR, Cutler JA, Furberg CD et al (2002) Relationship of antihypertensive treatment regimens and change in blood pressure to risk for heart failure in hypertensive patients randomly assigned to doxazosin or chlorthalidone: further analyses from the antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial (ALLHAT). Ann Intern Med 137:313–320PubMed Davis BR, Cutler JA, Furberg CD et al (2002) Relationship of antihypertensive treatment regimens and change in blood pressure to risk for heart failure in hypertensive patients randomly assigned to doxazosin or chlorthalidone: further analyses from the antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial (ALLHAT). Ann Intern Med 137:313–320PubMed
17.
Zurück zum Zitat De Stevens G, Werner LH, Halamandaris A et al (1958) Dihydrobenzothiadiazine dioxides with potent diuretic effect. Experientia 14:463 De Stevens G, Werner LH, Halamandaris A et al (1958) Dihydrobenzothiadiazine dioxides with potent diuretic effect. Experientia 14:463
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Düsing R (1986) Diuretika, Pharmakologie und therapeutischer Einsatz. Medizinisch-pharmakologisches Kompendium. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, Stuttgart, ISBN 3-8047-0754-8 Düsing R (1986) Diuretika, Pharmakologie und therapeutischer Einsatz. Medizinisch-pharmakologisches Kompendium. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, Stuttgart, ISBN 3-8047-0754-8
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Düsing R (2005) Sexual dysfunction in male patients with hypertension: influence of antihypertensive drugs. Drugs 65:773–786PubMedCrossRef Düsing R (2005) Sexual dysfunction in male patients with hypertension: influence of antihypertensive drugs. Drugs 65:773–786PubMedCrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Düsing R (2007) Neuentstehung eines Diabetes unter antihypertensiver Therapie. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 132:689–695PubMedCrossRef Düsing R (2007) Neuentstehung eines Diabetes unter antihypertensiver Therapie. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 132:689–695PubMedCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Ellison DH, Velázquez H, Wright FS (1987) Thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransport in early distal tubule. Am J Physiol 253:F546–F554PubMed Ellison DH, Velázquez H, Wright FS (1987) Thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransport in early distal tubule. Am J Physiol 253:F546–F554PubMed
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Ernst M, Moser M (2009) Use of diuretics in patients with hypertension. N Engl J Med 361:2153–2164PubMedCrossRef Ernst M, Moser M (2009) Use of diuretics in patients with hypertension. N Engl J Med 361:2153–2164PubMedCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Ernst ME, Carter BL, Basile JN (2009) All thiazide-like diuretics are not chlorthalidone: putting the ACCOMPLISH study into perspective. J Clin Hypertens 11:5–9CrossRef Ernst ME, Carter BL, Basile JN (2009) All thiazide-like diuretics are not chlorthalidone: putting the ACCOMPLISH study into perspective. J Clin Hypertens 11:5–9CrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Ernst ME, Carter BL, Zheng S et al (2010) Meta-analysis of dose-response characteristics of hydrochlorothiazide and chlorthalidone: effects on systolic blood pressure and potassium. Am J Hypertens 23:440–446PubMedCrossRef Ernst ME, Carter BL, Zheng S et al (2010) Meta-analysis of dose-response characteristics of hydrochlorothiazide and chlorthalidone: effects on systolic blood pressure and potassium. Am J Hypertens 23:440–446PubMedCrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Ernst ME, Lund BC (2010) Renewed interest in chlorthalidone: evidence from the veterans health administration. J Clin Hypertens 12:927–934CrossRef Ernst ME, Lund BC (2010) Renewed interest in chlorthalidone: evidence from the veterans health administration. J Clin Hypertens 12:927–934CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Friedman F, McAlister FA, Yun L, for the Canadian Hypertension Education Program Outcomes Research Taskforce et al (2010) Antihypertensive drug persistence and compliance among newly treated elderly hypertensives in Ontario. Am J Med 123:173–181PubMedCrossRef Friedman F, McAlister FA, Yun L, for the Canadian Hypertension Education Program Outcomes Research Taskforce et al (2010) Antihypertensive drug persistence and compliance among newly treated elderly hypertensives in Ontario. Am J Med 123:173–181PubMedCrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Greenberg G, Brennan PJ, Miall WE (1984) Effect of diuretic and ß-blocker therapy in the Medical Research Council trial. Am J Med 76 (2A):45–51PubMedCrossRef Greenberg G, Brennan PJ, Miall WE (1984) Effect of diuretic and ß-blocker therapy in the Medical Research Council trial. Am J Med 76 (2A):45–51PubMedCrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Grimm C, Köberlein J, Wiosna W et al (2010) Diabetesneuentstehung unter antihypertensiver Therapie. GMS Health Technol Assess 6:Doc03PubMed Grimm C, Köberlein J, Wiosna W et al (2010) Diabetesneuentstehung unter antihypertensiver Therapie. GMS Health Technol Assess 6:Doc03PubMed
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Helgeland A (1980) Treatment of mild hypertension: A five year controlled drug trial. The Oslo Study. Am J Med 69:725–732PubMedCrossRef Helgeland A (1980) Treatment of mild hypertension: A five year controlled drug trial. The Oslo Study. Am J Med 69:725–732PubMedCrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Hosie J, Nasar MA, Belgrave GP et al (1994) A comparative study of long acting diltiazem with sustained release nifedipine and bendrofluazide in the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension. Acta Cardiol 49:251–265PubMed Hosie J, Nasar MA, Belgrave GP et al (1994) A comparative study of long acting diltiazem with sustained release nifedipine and bendrofluazide in the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension. Acta Cardiol 49:251–265PubMed
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program Cooperative Group (1979) Five-year findings of the hypertension detection and follow-up program. I. Reduction in mortality of persons with high blood pressure, including mild hypertension. JAMA 242:2562–2571CrossRef Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program Cooperative Group (1979) Five-year findings of the hypertension detection and follow-up program. I. Reduction in mortality of persons with high blood pressure, including mild hypertension. JAMA 242:2562–2571CrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Jamerson K, Weber MA, Bakris GL et al; ACCOMPLISH trial investigators (2008) Benazepril plus amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med 359:2417–2428PubMedCrossRef Jamerson K, Weber MA, Bakris GL et al; ACCOMPLISH trial investigators (2008) Benazepril plus amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med 359:2417–2428PubMedCrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Jamerson KA, Devereux R, Bakris GL et al (2011) Efficacy and duration of benazepril plus amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide on 24-hour ambulatory systolic blood pressure control. Hypertension 57:174–179PubMedCrossRef Jamerson KA, Devereux R, Bakris GL et al (2011) Efficacy and duration of benazepril plus amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide on 24-hour ambulatory systolic blood pressure control. Hypertension 57:174–179PubMedCrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Kinter LB, Huffmann WF, Wiebelhaus VD et al (1984) Renal effects of aquaretic vasopressin analoges in vivo. In: Puschett JB (ed) Diuretics: chemistry, pharmacology, and clinical applications. Elsevier, New York Kinter LB, Huffmann WF, Wiebelhaus VD et al (1984) Renal effects of aquaretic vasopressin analoges in vivo. In: Puschett JB (ed) Diuretics: chemistry, pharmacology, and clinical applications. Elsevier, New York
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Kurtz TW (2010) Chlorthalidone: don’t call it a „thiazide-like“ anymore. Hypertension 56:335–337PubMedCrossRef Kurtz TW (2010) Chlorthalidone: don’t call it a „thiazide-like“ anymore. Hypertension 56:335–337PubMedCrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Leren P, Helgeland A (1986) Coronary heart disease and treatment of hypertension. Some Oslo Study data. Am J Med 80:3–6PubMedCrossRef Leren P, Helgeland A (1986) Coronary heart disease and treatment of hypertension. Some Oslo Study data. Am J Med 80:3–6PubMedCrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Mancia G, Laurent S, Agabiti-Rosei E et al (2009) Reappraisal of European guidelines on hypertension management: a European Society of Hypertension Task Force document. J Hypertens 27:2121–2158PubMedCrossRef Mancia G, Laurent S, Agabiti-Rosei E et al (2009) Reappraisal of European guidelines on hypertension management: a European Society of Hypertension Task Force document. J Hypertens 27:2121–2158PubMedCrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Mann T, Keilin K (1940) Sulphanilamide as a specific inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase. Nature (London) 146:164–165 Mann T, Keilin K (1940) Sulphanilamide as a specific inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase. Nature (London) 146:164–165
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Maren TH (1952) Pharmacological and renal effects of diamox, a new carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Trans NY Acad Sci 15:53 Maren TH (1952) Pharmacological and renal effects of diamox, a new carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Trans NY Acad Sci 15:53
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Medical Research Working Party (1985) MRC trial of treatment of mild hypertension: principal results. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 291:97–104 Medical Research Working Party (1985) MRC trial of treatment of mild hypertension: principal results. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 291:97–104
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Messerli FH, Makani H, Benjo A et al (2011) Antihypertensive efficacy of hydrochlorothiazide as evaluated by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. J Am Coll Cardiol 57:590–600PubMedCrossRef Messerli FH, Makani H, Benjo A et al (2011) Antihypertensive efficacy of hydrochlorothiazide as evaluated by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. J Am Coll Cardiol 57:590–600PubMedCrossRef
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Monane M, Bohn R, Gurwitz JH et al (1997) The effects of initial drug choice and comorbidity on antihypertensive therapy compliance: results from a population-based study in the elderly. Am J Hypertens 10:697–704PubMedCrossRef Monane M, Bohn R, Gurwitz JH et al (1997) The effects of initial drug choice and comorbidity on antihypertensive therapy compliance: results from a population-based study in the elderly. Am J Hypertens 10:697–704PubMedCrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat MRC Working Party (1992) Medical research council trial of treatment of hypertension in older adults: principal results. BMJ 304:405–412CrossRef MRC Working Party (1992) Medical research council trial of treatment of hypertension in older adults: principal results. BMJ 304:405–412CrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group (1982) Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial: risk factor changes and mortality results. JAMA 248:1465–1477CrossRef Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group (1982) Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial: risk factor changes and mortality results. JAMA 248:1465–1477CrossRef
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group (1990) Mortality after 10 1/2 yrs for hypertensive participants in the multiple risk factor intervention trial. Circulation 82:1616–1628CrossRef Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial Research Group (1990) Mortality after 10 1/2 yrs for hypertensive participants in the multiple risk factor intervention trial. Circulation 82:1616–1628CrossRef
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Novello FC, Sprague JM (1957) Benzothiadiazine dioxides as novel diuretics. J Am Chem Soc 79:2028–2029CrossRef Novello FC, Sprague JM (1957) Benzothiadiazine dioxides as novel diuretics. J Am Chem Soc 79:2028–2029CrossRef
47.
Zurück zum Zitat PATS Collaborating Group (1995) Post-stroke antihypertensive treatment study. A preliminary result. Chin Med J 108:710–717 PATS Collaborating Group (1995) Post-stroke antihypertensive treatment study. A preliminary result. Chin Med J 108:710–717
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Progress Collaborative Group (2001) Randomised trial of a perindopril-based blood-pressure-lowering regimen among 6.105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack. Lancet 358:1033–1041CrossRef Progress Collaborative Group (2001) Randomised trial of a perindopril-based blood-pressure-lowering regimen among 6.105 individuals with previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack. Lancet 358:1033–1041CrossRef
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Psaty BM, Lumley T, Furberg CD (2004) Meta-analysis of health outcomes of chlorthalidone-based vs non chlorthalidone-based low-dose diuretic therapies. JAMA 292:43–44PubMedCrossRef Psaty BM, Lumley T, Furberg CD (2004) Meta-analysis of health outcomes of chlorthalidone-based vs non chlorthalidone-based low-dose diuretic therapies. JAMA 292:43–44PubMedCrossRef
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Russo HF, Baer JE, Noll RM et al (1957) Evaluation of chlorothiazide, a saluretic-diuretic agent in the dog. Fed Proc 16:333 Russo HF, Baer JE, Noll RM et al (1957) Evaluation of chlorothiazide, a saluretic-diuretic agent in the dog. Fed Proc 16:333
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Schwartz WB (1949) The effect of sulfanilamide on salt and water excretion in congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med 240:173–177PubMedCrossRef Schwartz WB (1949) The effect of sulfanilamide on salt and water excretion in congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med 240:173–177PubMedCrossRef
52.
Zurück zum Zitat SHEP Cooperative Research Group (1991) Prevention of stroke by antihypertensive drug treatment in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension. Final results of the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP). JAMA 265:3255–3264CrossRef SHEP Cooperative Research Group (1991) Prevention of stroke by antihypertensive drug treatment in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension. Final results of the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP). JAMA 265:3255–3264CrossRef
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Southworth H (1937) Acidosis associated with the administration of paraaminobenzene-sulfonamide (prontylin). Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 36:58–61 Southworth H (1937) Acidosis associated with the administration of paraaminobenzene-sulfonamide (prontylin). Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 36:58–61
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Sumiye L, Vivian AS, Frisof KB et al (1981) Potassium loss associated with hydrochlorothiazide versus chlorthalidone. Clin Ther 4:308–320PubMed Sumiye L, Vivian AS, Frisof KB et al (1981) Potassium loss associated with hydrochlorothiazide versus chlorthalidone. Clin Ther 4:308–320PubMed
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Urquhart J (1996) Patient non-compliance with drug regimens: measurement, clinical correlates, economic impact. Eur Heart J 17(Suppl A):8–15PubMed Urquhart J (1996) Patient non-compliance with drug regimens: measurement, clinical correlates, economic impact. Eur Heart J 17(Suppl A):8–15PubMed
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Urquhart J (1998) Pharmacodynamics of variable patient compliance: implications for pharmaceutical value. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 33:207–219PubMedCrossRef Urquhart J (1998) Pharmacodynamics of variable patient compliance: implications for pharmaceutical value. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 33:207–219PubMedCrossRef
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group (1967) Effects of treatment on morbidity in hypertension. Results in patients with diastolic blood pressures averaging 115 through 129 mmHg. JAMA 202:1028–1034CrossRef Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group (1967) Effects of treatment on morbidity in hypertension. Results in patients with diastolic blood pressures averaging 115 through 129 mmHg. JAMA 202:1028–1034CrossRef
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group (1970) Effects of treatment on morbidity in hypertension. II. Results in patients with diastolic blood pressure averaging 90 through 114 mmHg. JAMA 213:1143–1152CrossRef Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group (1970) Effects of treatment on morbidity in hypertension. II. Results in patients with diastolic blood pressure averaging 90 through 114 mmHg. JAMA 213:1143–1152CrossRef
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Vrijens B, Vincze G, Kristanto P et al (2008) Adherence to prescribed antihypertensive drug treatments: longitudinal study of electronically compiled dosing histories. BMJ 336:1114–1117PubMedCrossRef Vrijens B, Vincze G, Kristanto P et al (2008) Adherence to prescribed antihypertensive drug treatments: longitudinal study of electronically compiled dosing histories. BMJ 336:1114–1117PubMedCrossRef
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Wikstrand J, Warnold I, Olsson G, on behalf of the Advisory Committee et al (1988) Primary prevention with metoprolol in patients with hypertension: Mortality results from the MAPHY Study. JAMA 259:1976–1982PubMedCrossRef Wikstrand J, Warnold I, Olsson G, on behalf of the Advisory Committee et al (1988) Primary prevention with metoprolol in patients with hypertension: Mortality results from the MAPHY Study. JAMA 259:1976–1982PubMedCrossRef
61.
Zurück zum Zitat Wilhelmsen L, Berglund G, Elmfeldt D et al (1987) Beta-blockers versus diuretics in hypertensive men: Main results from the HAPPHY trial. J Hypertens 5:561–572PubMedCrossRef Wilhelmsen L, Berglund G, Elmfeldt D et al (1987) Beta-blockers versus diuretics in hypertensive men: Main results from the HAPPHY trial. J Hypertens 5:561–572PubMedCrossRef
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Wing LMH, Reid CM, Ryan P, for the Second Australian National Blood Pressure Study Group (2003) A comparison of outcomes with angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and diuretics for hypertension in the elderly. N Engl J Med 348:583–592PubMedCrossRef Wing LMH, Reid CM, Ryan P, for the Second Australian National Blood Pressure Study Group (2003) A comparison of outcomes with angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and diuretics for hypertension in the elderly. N Engl J Med 348:583–592PubMedCrossRef
63.
Zurück zum Zitat Woodman R, Brown C, Lockette W (2010) Chlorthalidone decreases platelet aggregation and vascular permeability and promotes angiogenesis. Hypertension 56:463–470PubMedCrossRef Woodman R, Brown C, Lockette W (2010) Chlorthalidone decreases platelet aggregation and vascular permeability and promotes angiogenesis. Hypertension 56:463–470PubMedCrossRef
64.
Zurück zum Zitat Zezulka AV, Gill JS, Dews I et al (1987) Comparison of enalapril and bendrofluazide for treatment of systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol 59:630–633PubMedCrossRef Zezulka AV, Gill JS, Dews I et al (1987) Comparison of enalapril and bendrofluazide for treatment of systemic hypertension. Am J Cardiol 59:630–633PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Therapie der Hypertonie mit Diuretika
Wirksamkeit, Sicherheit und Verträglichkeit
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. R. Düsing
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2011
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Innere Medizin / Ausgabe 12/2011
Print ISSN: 2731-7080
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7099
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-011-2915-3

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 12/2011

Der Internist 12/2011 Zur Ausgabe

Kongresse des BDI

BDI-Kongresse

Mitteilungen der DGIM

Mitteilungen der DGIM

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Notfall-TEP der Hüfte ist auch bei 90-Jährigen machbar

26.04.2024 Hüft-TEP Nachrichten

Ob bei einer Notfalloperation nach Schenkelhalsfraktur eine Hemiarthroplastik oder eine totale Endoprothese (TEP) eingebaut wird, sollte nicht allein vom Alter der Patientinnen und Patienten abhängen. Auch über 90-Jährige können von der TEP profitieren.

Niedriger diastolischer Blutdruck erhöht Risiko für schwere kardiovaskuläre Komplikationen

25.04.2024 Hypotonie Nachrichten

Wenn unter einer medikamentösen Hochdrucktherapie der diastolische Blutdruck in den Keller geht, steigt das Risiko für schwere kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse: Darauf deutet eine Sekundäranalyse der SPRINT-Studie hin.

Bei schweren Reaktionen auf Insektenstiche empfiehlt sich eine spezifische Immuntherapie

Insektenstiche sind bei Erwachsenen die häufigsten Auslöser einer Anaphylaxie. Einen wirksamen Schutz vor schweren anaphylaktischen Reaktionen bietet die allergenspezifische Immuntherapie. Jedoch kommt sie noch viel zu selten zum Einsatz.

Therapiestart mit Blutdrucksenkern erhöht Frakturrisiko

25.04.2024 Hypertonie Nachrichten

Beginnen ältere Männer im Pflegeheim eine Antihypertensiva-Therapie, dann ist die Frakturrate in den folgenden 30 Tagen mehr als verdoppelt. Besonders häufig stürzen Demenzkranke und Männer, die erstmals Blutdrucksenker nehmen. Dafür spricht eine Analyse unter US-Veteranen.

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.