Background
Methods
Patients
Blood collection and KP measurement
Statistical analysis
Results
Patients characteristics and serum levels of kynurenine metabolites
Healthy controls (n = 35) | Patients with CH (n = 21) | χ2/U p
| |
---|---|---|---|
Gender (M, %) | 27 (77.1) | 19 (90.5) | 1.59 |
0.19 | |||
Age (years; mean ± SD) | 44.8 ± 7.64 | 44,4 ± 7.60 | 278 |
0.13 | |||
Chronic cluster headache (n, %) | -- | 6 (28.6 %) | -- |
Mean daily frequency of attacks (mean ± SD) | -- | 2.05 ± 0.86 | -- |
Trp (μg/ml) (mean ± SD) | 5.50 ± 1.71 | 6.50 ± 1.60 | 233 |
0.01
| |||
KYN (μg/ml) (mean ± SD) | 0.36 ± 0.15 | 0.23 ± 0.11 | 165.5 |
<0.01
| |||
KYNA (ng/ml) (mean ± SD) | 3.15 ± 1.39 | 2.09 ± 1.49 | 189 |
0.03
| |||
ANA (ng/ml) (mean ± SD) | 1.85 ± 1.57 | 2.85 ± 1.37 | 199 |
<0.01
| |||
3-HK (ng/ml) (mean ± SD) | 2.16 ± 1.58 | 1.05 ± 0.84 | 217 |
0.01
| |||
3-HANA (ng/ml) (mean ± SD) | 9.76 ± 4.38 | 4.50 ± 1.52 | 67.5 |
<0. 01
| |||
QUINA (ng/ml) (mean ± SD) | 16.3 ± 10.1 | 9.28 ± 2.28 | 115 |
<0.01
| |||
5-HIAA (ng/ml) (mean ± SD) | 33.4 ± 13.7 | 20.5 ± 8.36 | 156.5 |
<0.01
| |||
XA (ng/ml) (mean ± SD) | 1.77 ± 0.95 | 1.32 ± 1.53 | 148 |
0.02
|
Kynurenine metabolites levels in the serum of patients with chronic and episodic CH, and correlations with daily headache frequency
Episodic CH (n = 15) | Chronic CH (n = 6) | U p
| |
---|---|---|---|
Trp (μg/ml) (mean ± SD) | 6.60 ± 1.74 | 6.57 ± 1.32 | 43.5 |
0.91 | |||
KYN (μg/ml) (mean ± SD) | 0.20 ± 0.07 | 0.31 ± 0.16 | 20.0 |
0.05
| |||
KYNA (ng/ml) (mean ± SD) | 1.91 ± 1.43 | 2.52 ± 1.67 | 34.0 |
0.42 | |||
ANA (ng/ml) (mean ± SD) | 2.67 ± 1.44 | 3.30 ± 1.18 | 30.0 |
0.27 | |||
3-HK (ng/ml) (mean ± SD) | 1.21 ± 0.94 | 0.66 ± 0.29 | 30.5 |
0.27 | |||
3-HANA (ng/ml) (mean ± SD) | 4.44 ± 1.69 | 4.22 ± 1.11 | 42.0 |
0.85 | |||
QUINA (ng/ml) (mean ± SD) | 9.33 ± 2.36 | 8.54 ± 2.17 | 7.00 |
0.93 | |||
5-HIAA (ng/ml) (mean ± SD) | 18.4 ± 6.32 | 25.8 ± 10.9 | 21.0 |
0.07 | |||
XA (ng/ml) (mean ± SD) | 1.33 ± 1.59 | 1.18 ± 1.07 | 6.00 |
0.93 |