Introduction
Immunological aspects of SSNS
T cell theory
B cell theory
CD80 and human leukocyte antigen class II
Circulating factors
Interaction with infection
Interaction with allergy
Genetic aspects of SSNS
Variants in a single causative gene
GWAS for clarifying susceptibility genes
HLA class II region
Discovery study (case) | Replication study | Trans-ethnic meta-analysis | HLA region | HLA type* | Out of HLA region | Functional analysis | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
South Asian (n = 214) | N/A | N/A | HLA-DQ | N/A | N/A | N/A | Gbadegesin et al.$ 2015 |
Japanese (n = 224) | Japanese | N/A | HLA-DR/DQ | HLA-DRB1*08:02-DQB1*03:02 | N/A | N/A | Jia et al. 2018 |
European (n = 132), African (n = 56), Maghrebian (n = 85) | European | European, African, Maghrebian | HLA-DR/DQ | HLA-DRB1*07:01-DQA1*02:01-DQB1*02:02 | BTNL2 | eQTLs (HLA) | Debiec et al. 2018 |
European (n = 422) | N/A | N/A | HLA-DR/DQ | HLA-DQA1*02:01 | CALHM6/FAM26F | eQTLs (CALHM6) | Dufek et al. 2019 |
PARM1 | |||||||
Japanese (n = 987) | Korean, South Asian, African | Japanese, Korean, South Asian, African, European, Hispanic, Maghrebian | HLA-DR/DQ | HLA-DRB1*08:02-DQB1*03:02 | NPHS1-KIRREL2 | Allele-specific expression (NPHS1) | Jia et al. 2020 |
TNFSF15 | mRNA expression (TNFSF15) |