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Cognitive Therapy and Research

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01.06.2011 | Original Article

Appraisals of Spouse Affiliation and Control during Marital Conflict: Common and Specific Cognitive Correlates Among Facets of Negative Affectivity

verfasst von: Emily K. Traupman, Timothy W. Smith, Paul Florsheim, Cynthia A. Berg, Bert N. Uchino

Erschienen in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Ausgabe 3/2011

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Abstract

The present study examined associations between individual differences in trait negative affect and appraisal biases during a marital conflict discussion in a sample of 300 middle-aged and older couples. We used the interpersonal circumplex (IPC) to quantify specific appraisal biases, defined as discrepancies between participant ratings of their spouses’ levels of hostility, friendliness, and control during a marital disagreement relative to independent behavioral coding of these behavioral dimensions. Further, we examined the specific component affective traits (i.e., anxiety, depression, and anger) individually, as well as their independent effects in simultaneous analyses. Composite negative affectivity was associated with appraisals of the spouse as displaying more control, less friendliness, and more hostility than was evident in independent ratings. For the specific negative affects, depressive tendencies—and perhaps the closely related trait of anxiety—were associated with viewing the spouse as both more hostile and less warm or friendly than did independent observers. In contrast, individuals prone to anger perceived more control in their spouse’s behavior than was rated by observers. The results support interpersonal and cognitive models of the role of appraisals in general negative affectivity and its specific components.

Analyses were also performed using self reports of trait negative affect from the NEO-PI-R. When measured as a composite, participants’ self-reported trait negative affect predicted the discrepancy of the IMI-SASB on the dimensions of Control (B = .228, t(569) = 3.56, P = .0004), Friendliness (B = −.137, t(572) = −2.25, P = .0251), and Hostility (B = .194, t(572) = 3.71, P = .0002), above and beyond age and gender. When considered separately, self reports of anxiety predicted the discrepancy of the IMI-SASB on the dimensions of Control (B = .280, t(568) = 3.36, P = .0008), Friendliness (B = −.182, t(573) = −2.29, P = .0221), and Hostility (B = .156, t(573) = 1.99, P = .0472). Participant’s self-reported level of angry hostility predicted the discrepancy of the IMI-SASB on the dimension of Control (B = .177, t(576) = 2.01, P = .0452) and Hostility (B = .276, t(575) = 3.32, P = .0010). Additionally, participant’s level of depression predicted the discrepancy of the IMI-SASB on the dimensions of Control (B = .286, t(565) = 3.84, P = .0001), and Hostility (B = .220, t(568) = 3.17, P = .0016). Finally, when considered simultaneously, none of the self-reports independently predicted the discrepancy on the IMI-SASB on the any of the three dimensions. Hence, the findings for self-reports of negative affect are generally but not completely consistent with those obtained with spouse ratings.

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Titel: Appraisals of Spouse Affiliation and Control during Marital Conflict: Common and Specific Cognitive Correlates Among Facets of Negative Affectivity
verfasst von: Emily K. Traupman
Timothy W. Smith
Paul Florsheim
Cynthia A. Berg
Bert N. Uchino
Publikationsdatum: 01.06.2011
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Cognitive Therapy and Research / Ausgabe 3/2011
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-010-9339-6

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