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Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie
Erschienen in: Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie 3/2011

01.03.2011 | Review Article/Brief Review

Bivalirudin utilization in cardiac surgery: shifting anticoagulation from indirect to direct thrombin inhibition

verfasst von: Sunil X. Anand, MD, Juan F. Viles-Gonzalez, MD, Sohail K. Mahboobi, MD, Paul M. Heerdt, MD, PhD

Erschienen in: Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie | Ausgabe 3/2011

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Abstract

Purpose

Bivalirudin use for anticoagulating patients undergoing cardiac surgery, particularly those with or at risk for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, has expanded over the past several years. The purpose of this review is to provide a summary of the following: the differences between indirect and direct thrombin inhibition, unfractionated heparin’s limitations (i.e., heparin-induced thrombocytopenia), bivalirudin’s pharmacology, recent cardiac surgery trials comparing bivalirudin and unfractionated heparin as anticoagulants, the growing role of bivalirudin-mediated anticoagulation for various surgical procedures, and the potential of bivalirudin-mediated vascular graft patency.

Source

A systematic search of the English literature was performed using PubMed from the United States National Library of Medicine. Pertinent articles from 1992-2010 were obtained from this search, and their reference lists were used to retrieve additional relevant articles.

Principal findings

In small studies in the cardiac surgery arena, bivalirudin has demonstrated a similar safety and efficacy profile compared with unfractionated heparin. Bivalirudin’s role as an anticoagulant in various cardiac surgical procedures (i.e., heart transplant) and vascular surgical procedures is growing and reviewed. Additionally, the molecular basis for the potential for bivalirudin-mediated improvement in vascular graft patency after coronary artery bypass graft procedures is discussed.

Conclusion

Although bivalirudin is not approved for cardiac surgery in the United States, it can be used in this setting in Canada as an anticoagulant in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia provided the cardiac anesthesiologist is knowledgeable about potential complications from its use and knows how to manage or mitigate their incidence appropriately. During cardiopulmonary bypass, bivalirudin anticoagulation protocols must be thoroughly followed to attain optimal clinical outcomes. Additionally, further studies with bivalirudin are needed to determine the best monitoring modality and dosing regimen.
Fußnoten
1
Product Insert. Angiomax (bivalirudin). Parsippany, NJ: The Medicines Company; 2005.
 
2
Product Monograph. Angiomax (bivalirudin). Mississauga, Ontario, Canada: Sepracor Pharmaceuticals 2010.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Bivalirudin utilization in cardiac surgery: shifting anticoagulation from indirect to direct thrombin inhibition
verfasst von
Sunil X. Anand, MD
Juan F. Viles-Gonzalez, MD
Sohail K. Mahboobi, MD
Paul M. Heerdt, MD, PhD
Publikationsdatum
01.03.2011
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie / Ausgabe 3/2011
Print ISSN: 0832-610X
Elektronische ISSN: 1496-8975
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12630-010-9423-0

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30.04.2024 Gendermedizin Nachrichten

Patienten, die von Ärztinnen behandelt werden, dürfen offenbar auf bessere Therapieergebnisse hoffen als Patienten von Ärzten. Besonders gilt das offenbar für weibliche Kranke, wie eine Studie zeigt.

Akuter Schwindel: Wann lohnt sich eine MRT?

28.04.2024 Schwindel Nachrichten

Akuter Schwindel stellt oft eine diagnostische Herausforderung dar. Wie nützlich dabei eine MRT ist, hat eine Studie aus Finnland untersucht. Immerhin einer von sechs Patienten wurde mit akutem ischämischem Schlaganfall diagnostiziert.

Bei schweren Reaktionen auf Insektenstiche empfiehlt sich eine spezifische Immuntherapie

25.04.2024 Allergien und Intoleranzreaktionen Nachrichten

Insektenstiche sind bei Erwachsenen die häufigsten Auslöser einer Anaphylaxie. Einen wirksamen Schutz vor schweren anaphylaktischen Reaktionen bietet die allergenspezifische Immuntherapie. Jedoch kommt sie noch viel zu selten zum Einsatz.

Hinter dieser Appendizitis steckte ein Erreger

23.04.2024 Appendizitis Nachrichten

Schmerzen im Unterbauch, aber sonst nicht viel, was auf eine Appendizitis hindeutete: Ein junger Mann hatte Glück, dass trotzdem eine Laparoskopie mit Appendektomie durchgeführt und der Wurmfortsatz histologisch untersucht wurde.

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